scholarly journals Analysis of the road accident rate in Lubelszczyzna and Podkarpacie

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 322-326
Author(s):  
Edyta Zielińska
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
National Average ◽  
The South ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Traffic Incidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Common Causes

The article assesses two provinces of the south-eastern Poland, i.e. Lublin Province and Podkarpackie, taking into account the number of accidents, persons injured and the persons who caused the accident. In addition, the most common causes of such negative traffic incidents, i.e. speeding or weather conditions, are listed. For better evaluation of the safety on the roads of Lubelszczyzna and Podkarpacie, the road accident rate in the said provinces was compared with the national average. Also, the actions taken to improve the traffic safety on Polish roads were presented.

scholarly journals Modeling the Complexity of Road Accidents Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Alex Kizito ◽  
Agnes Rwashana Semwanga
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dynamic Synthesis ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Synthesis Methodology

Simplistic representations of traffic safety disregard the dynamic interactions between the components of the road transport system (RTS). The resultant road accident (RA) preventive measures are consequently focused almost solely on individual/team failures at the sharp end of the RTS (mainly the road users). The RTS is complex and therefore cannot be easily understood by studying the system parts in isolation. The study modeled the occurrence of road accidents in Uganda using the dynamic synthesis methodology (DSM). This article presents the work done in the first three stages of the DSM. Data was collected from various stakeholders including road users, traffic police officers, road users, and road constructors. The study focused on RA prevention by considering the linear and non-linear interactions of the variables during the pre-crash phase. Qualitative models were developed and from these, key leverage points that could possibly lower the road accident incidences demonstrating the need for a shared system wide responsibility for road safety at all levels are suggested.

ANALYSIS AND RESULTS OF MEASURES TO ENSURE ROAD SAFETY IN UKRAINE FOR THE PERIOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (24) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Evgen Minenko ◽  
◽  
Olexandr Pyna ◽  
Olga Belenchuk ◽  
Tetyana Bondar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rate Analysis

Introduction. Undesirable consequences of fast increase of the vehicle fleet are an increase in the level of accident rate and the number of deaths and injuries in traffic accidents (hereinafter accidents). The positive experience of other countries shows that objectives indicators for reducing the number of traffic accident victims by implementing reasonable measures to eliminate the dominant causes of accidents is the most effective way to achieve the desired result in improving traffic safety. Problem statement. Considering the enormous economic lost caused by traffic accidents, improving of traffic safety has been a priority in the policies of many countries around the world in recent decades. In this regard, the international community pays considerable attention to the development of targeted programs and implementation of traffic safety measures directed at preventing the road traffic injuries. In particular, on March 2, 2010, the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution No. 64/255 «Improving Traffic Safety Worldwide», which proclaimed the 2011–2020 «Decade of Traffic Safety Actions» to reduce deaths from injuries sustained as a result of traffic accident — by 50%. Ukraine, through which seven international transport corridors run [1], did not stay away from solving the common problem and joined in 2011 to the UN initiative regarding reducing the death rate due to traffic accidents by at least 30 % [2]. For evaluation of the achieved result, it is important to analyze the accident statistics and determine whether the planned results were achieved through the implementation of planned measures to improve traffic safety. Purpose. The article considers the dynamics of accident rate and the number of traffic accidents victims in Ukraine for the period 2011–2020, as well as analyzes the main causes of traffic accidents on the public roads, including roads of state importance, to evaluate the outcome of the Decade of Traffic Safety Actions and providing the recommendations for further decreasing of mortality on domestic roads. Materials and methods. The study used the method of statistical processing of data on the number of accidents and their victims in Ukraine and the method of systematic analysis of risk factors that contributed to the accidents. Results. It is determined that the total number of fatalities in traffic accidents for the period 2011–2020 decreased in Ukraine by 27.8 %, and on the public roads — by 44.0 %. However, considering that since 2014 there are no data on traffic accidents in Autonomous Republic of Crimea and partly in Donetsk and Luhansk regions, the indicator of decreasing of deaths per 100 traffic accidents and the result shows more modest achievements: in Ukraine it was possible to reduce deaths by 100 traffic accidents per 100 14 %, and on the public roads — only 5.4 %. Conclusions. Accident rate analysis provides an information basis for understanding the scale of the problem of traffic injuries, evaluating the results of implemented measures to improve traffic safety, the dynamics of positive or negative developments, and allows to plan reasonably the measures to improve road conditions to reduce mortality on roads.

scholarly journals Modelling road traffic safety indices by means of regression with panel data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Brzozowska-Rup ◽  
Marzena Nowakowska
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Indices ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Although the occurrence of road accidents and the number of road accident casualties in almost all Polish voivodeships has decreased over the last few years, the rate of this change varies considerably from region to region. To provide a better understanding of such a tendency, panel data regression models are proposed to conduct this pilot research which evaluates the relative performance of Polish regions in terms of their road traffic safety. Panel data are multi-dimensional data which involve measurements over time. In the research, a voivodeship is a unit analysed at a group level, whereas a year is a unit analysed at a time level. A two-way error component regression model has been applied to survey the impact of regressors, the group effects, and time effects on a dependent variable. The analysis has been conducted using data acquired from the Statistics Poland Local Data Bank website, as well as from the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. The panel data from 16 regions in Poland and the 2012–2018 period have been investigated. The examined models refer to road traffic safety indices defined based on the following characteristics: the number of road accidents, the number road fatalities, and the number of people injured. The results of all the three models indicate a negative effect as regards the GDP per capita, (car) motorisation rate, the indicator of government expenditure for current maintenance of national roads, and the road length per capita. A positive association has been found between the truck motorisation rate and the indicator of local government expenditure on roads. The impact of the region's urbanisation indicators on road safety is ambiguous as, on the one hand, its increase causes a reduction in the road accident and accident injury indices, but, on the other hand, it produces a rise in the accident fatality index. In the models, the significance of time effects has been identified; a decreasing time trend suggests a general improvement in road safety from year to year. Most of the group effects have turned out to be highly significant. However, the effects differ as regards both the road accident and the accident injury indices in magnitude and direction.

scholarly journals Weather–Growth Responses Show Differing Adaptability of Scots Pine Provenances in the South-Eastern Parts of Baltic Sea Region

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Roberts Matisons ◽  
Diāna Jansone ◽  
Endijs Bāders ◽  
Stefānija Dubra ◽  
Pauls Zeltiņš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Climatic Gradient ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Baltic Sea Region

Local adaptation and plasticity of growth play important roles in the adaptability of trees to changing conditions. Under accelerating climatic changes, the adaptive capacity of metapopulations can be exceeded, implying a necessity for assisted gene flow to sustain the productivity of forests. Such management is knowledge intensive, and information on the responsiveness of metapopulations (provenances) across the climatic gradient can aid more comprehensive projections of their performance. The plasticity of growth responses to weather conditions of five provenances of Scots pine with differing field performance across the climatic gradient of the south-eastern Baltic Sea region was assessed using dendrochronological methods and generalized additive models. Weather conditions related to water availability in summer, as well as during dormancy, were the main regional drivers of an increment in the provenances. The provenances differed by the plasticity of responses according to field performance, indicating adaptation in terms of growth sensitivity and uneven adaptability. The weather–growth responses of the top-performing provenances to summer weather were more plastic, providing advantages under a changing climate. Accordingly, regional sensitivity and plasticity of growth responses could be used for the screening of genotypes best suited for the projected climates. In addition, the estimated growth responses encourage supplementation of the local breeding populations with the top-performing provenances originating from sites with the projected climates.

scholarly journals Implementation of modern tools for the improvement of the road infrastructure on the Trans-European road network – road safety inspection (RSI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Miladin Nešić ◽  
Dušan Mladenović ◽  
Mirjana Ilić ◽  
Ivana Andrijanić ◽  
Mirko Koković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Law ◽  
On The Road

The European Directive on the Road Infrastructure Safety Improvement (2008/96/EC) has established the implementation of appropriate procedures as the basic tools for improving the road infrastructure on the trans-European road network. The Law on Roads (2018) prescribes the implementation of the following procedures: Road safety impact assessment; Road safety audit; Road safety inspection; Risk mapping; Black spot identification; and In depth road accident studies. The Law on Roads also prescribes that the Minister will prescribe the manner of implementation and the contents of the Evaluation, Audit and Independent Assessment reports, as well as the manner of determining the major risk portions and the identification and ranking of hazardous sites (black spots). Since the method of implementation and the content of the report are not yet prescribed, the authors contributed in this paper to defining the manner of implementation and content of the traffic safety report on the example of the section of the highway, as the highest category of state road. In the framework of the training of auditors and auditors, among others, a pilot project was carried out for the safety of traffic on the part of the E-75 (A1) highway, about 2,7 km ahead of the Mali Požarevac loop, including the loop. The verified part of the highway also includes a ramp with a toll ramp, service facility, overpass, bridge, etc., so the selected checked part is representative for defining a recommendation for the mode of implementation and the model for the preparation of the report.

scholarly journals Safety Assessment of Adjacent Roads Sections via Maximum Entropy Driver’s Perception Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Nadiia Kulbashna ◽  
Iryna Lynnyk ◽  
Andrii Galkin ◽  
Oleksii Prasolenko ◽  
Sergii Dulfan
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
The Road ◽  
A Value

Characteristics have been developed, by which the boundaries of coherence of adjacent road sections are established in accordance with requirements for the traffic safety. The coordination of adjacent sections of the road is carried out taking into account the driver’s behavior program, which is presented in the work as a value of the maximum entropy of his perception field. The choice of this criterion is determined by the possibility of a comprehensive assessment of many road environment factors that influence the driver. The boundaries of coordination of the maximum entropy values of adjacent road sections with use of the accident rate are established.

scholarly journals PENDEKATAN SISTEM DALAM PENANGANAN KESELAMATAN JALAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Vita Mayastinasari
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Various traffic safety efforts that aimed to reduce the number of traffic accident victims on road. Traffic safety is a program to reduce the number of accidents either the consequences. Tendency of road accident causes are human factor, therefore is needed a system approach to handle traffic safety that include four aspects, that is 1) Process; 2) Infrastructure; 3) Management; 4) Coordination and integration. Safer road can not be achieved if only just using the strategy, but the capacity of institution is needed by coordination and integration amongst the ministries of the institution. Coordination and integration as a form of synergy among the ministries of the institution to handle the road safety conducted by sharing the role to handle various road safety related areas by using the Information Resources Information System – IRIS. Berbagai upaya keselamatan lalu lintas yang bertujuan menurunkan korban kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan. Keselamatan lalu lintas merupakan suatu program untuk menurunkan angka kecelakaan beserta seluruh akibatnya. Kecenderungan penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas adalah faktor manusia, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan sistem dalam penanganan keselamatan jalan yang mencakup empat aspek, yaitu: 1) Proses; 2) Infrastruktur; 3) Manajemen; 4) Koordinasi dan integrasi. Keselamatan jalan tidak dapat terwujud hanya dengan menggunakan strategi, namun dibutuhkan kapasitas kelembagaan melalui koordinasi dan integrasi antar kementerian lembaga. Koordinasi dan integrasi sebagai wujud sinergitas antar kementerian lembaga dalam penanganan keselamatan jalan dilakukan dengan berbagi peran dalam menangani berbagai bidang yang terkait keselamatan jalan dengan menggunakan sistem informasi sumber daya informasi (Information Resources Information System-IRIS).

scholarly journals Model of the strategy for reducing the road accident rate in the city

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy S. Borovik ◽  
Vitaliy V. Borovik ◽  
Dmitriy Skorobogatchenko
Keyword(s):  
Road Accident ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
The Road ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Skillful Seasonal Forecasts of Winter Disruption to the U.K. Transport System

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika J. Palin ◽  
Adam A. Scaife ◽  
Emily Wallace ◽  
Edward C. D. Pope ◽  
Alberto Arribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Winter Weather ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Winter Climate ◽  
The Road ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Forecasting System

ABSTRACTThe impacts of winter weather on transport networks have been highlighted by various high-profile disruptions to road, rail, and air transport in the United Kingdom during recent winters. Recent advances in the predictability of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) at seasonal time scales, using the Met Office Global Seasonal forecasting system, version 5 (GloSea5), present a timely opportunity for assessing the long-range predictability of a variety of winter-weather impacts on transport. This study examines the relationships between the observed and forecast NAO and a variety of U.K. winter impacts on transport in the road, rail, and aviation sectors. The results of this preliminary study show statistically significant relationships between both observed and forecast NAO index and quantities such as road-accident numbers in certain weather conditions, weather-related delays to flights leaving London Heathrow Airport, and weather-related incidents on the railway network. This supports the feasibility of the onward goal of this work, which is to investigate prototype seasonal forecasts of the relative risk of occurrence of particular impacts in a given winter for the United Kingdom, at lead times of 1–3 months. In addition, subject to the availability of relevant impacts data, there is scope for further work to make similar assessments for other parts of Europe and North America where the NAO has a strong effect on winter climate.

scholarly journals ESTABLISHMENT OF CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMPROPER ARRANGEMENT OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT FACILITIES AND TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS OCCURRENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 432-440
Author(s):  
V. Olkhov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
The Road

The daunting issues arising at experts and forensic bodies when appointing and conducting comprehensive road and pavement forensic investigation and road accident analysis (forensic expert examination) are considered. Types of traffic accidents provided by the statistics of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine are analyzed. A number of road accidents with victims committed in conditions of the road and settlements streets unsatisfactory state is defined.   More and more judicial and investigative bodies turn to forensic science institutes, in particular to KhRIFE, in order to determine whether the improper design of the road network affected the occurrence of an accident. In other words, the questions not only on the establishment of improper design of the road section where the accident occurred, but also on the existence of cause and effect relationship between the identified discrepancies and the accident are advanced for examination. The study of the above issues belongs to the forensic specialty 10.16 Road and Pavement Forensic Investigation. The demand for forensic research of improper design of the road network and the causes of accidents are constantly growing. At the same time, the practice of conducting road and pavement forensic investigation, namely the analysis of the materials provided for the study, shows that most criminal proceedings are investigated both while pre-trial investigation and in court for violation of traffic safety rules or transport operation by persons who drive vehicles. In the statistical report of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine, the data of road accidents are not classified as those that arose due to improper condition of roads and streets of settlements, and when conducting road and pavement forensic investigation it is established that improper design of the road network is in cause and effect relationship with the occurrence of an accident from a technical point of view.

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