scholarly journals Ambient Air Pollution and Mortality Rate in Nigeria: An ARDL Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Nuhu Sunday Amos ◽  
Ilemona Adofu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Crude Death Rate ◽  
Negative Effect

The study on ambient air pollution and mortality rate in Nigeria is an attempt to evaluate the effect of ambient air pollution proxied by carbon dioxide on non-accidental, cardiovascular and respiratory disease related mortality in Nigeria from 1970-2019. Time series data adopted from World Development Indicators were analyzed using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Model. Results suggest a positive relationship between CO2 and crude death rate in Nigeria. Thus, the result of ARDL for lnCruder as the dependent variable showed that carbon dioxide emission was positively related to the crude death rate. Consequently, one unit increase in the quantity of carbon dioxide emission increased the death rate by 19% at lag 1, all things being equal. A similar result was obtained for CO2 and life expectancy where carbon dioxide emission was found to have a negative effect on life expectancy. The study concludes that carbon dioxide emission has a negative effect on human health and causes death in human beings. Therefore, further study is recommended on ways of abating carbon dioxide emissions through the use of technologies that generate less carbon dioxide and the adoption of domestic practices that reduce the quantity of CO2 produced in the environment.

scholarly journals Preface: Special Issue on Air Quality Assessment for Environmental Policy Support: Sources, Emissions, Exposures, and Health Impacts

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Andrea Spinazzè ◽  
Domenico Maria Cavallo
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Air Quality Assessment

The increased occurrence of serious health effects, mortality, and morbidity, as well as shortened life expectancy have been related to exposure to ambient air pollution [...]

scholarly journals Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1910-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos Lelieveld ◽  
Andrea Pozzer ◽  
Ulrich Pöschl ◽  
Mohammed Fnais ◽  
Andy Haines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract Aims Long-term exposure of humans to air pollution enhances the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. A novel Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM) has been derived from many cohort studies, providing much-improved coverage of the exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We applied the GEMM to assess excess mortality attributable to ambient air pollution on a global scale and compare to other risk factors. Methods and results We used a data-informed atmospheric model to calculate worldwide exposure to PM2.5 and ozone pollution, which was combined with the GEMM to estimate disease-specific excess mortality and loss of life expectancy (LLE) in 2015. Using this model, we investigated the effects of different pollution sources, distinguishing between natural (wildfires, aeolian dust) and anthropogenic emissions, including fossil fuel use. Global excess mortality from all ambient air pollution is estimated at 8.8 (7.11–10.41) million/year, with an LLE of 2.9 (2.3–3.5) years, being a factor of two higher than earlier estimates, and exceeding that of tobacco smoking. The global mean mortality rate of about 120 per 100 000 people/year is much exceeded in East Asia (196 per 100 000/year) and Europe (133 per 100 000/year). Without fossil fuel emissions, the global mean life expectancy would increase by 1.1 (0.9–1.2) years and 1.7 (1.4–2.0) years by removing all potentially controllable anthropogenic emissions. Because aeolian dust and wildfire emission control is impracticable, significant LLE is unavoidable. Conclusion Ambient air pollution is one of the main global health risks, causing significant excess mortality and LLE, especially through cardiovascular diseases. It causes an LLE that rivals that of tobacco smoking. The global mean LLE from air pollution strongly exceeds that by violence (all forms together), i.e. by an order of magnitude (LLE being 2.9 and 0.3 years, respectively).

Estimation of the effects of ambient air pollution on life expectancy of urban residents in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuicui Wang ◽  
Xiaodan Zhou ◽  
Renjie Chen ◽  
Xiaoli Duan ◽  
Xingya Kuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Residents

scholarly journals Impact of Air Pollution on Vegetation in Banja Luka

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Maksimović ◽  
Predrag Ilić ◽  
Sanja Bajić
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Stomatal Response ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Stomatal Apparatus ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
The City ◽  
Stomata Number

Atmospheric pollutants have a negative effect on the plants; they can have direct toxic effects, or indirectly by changing soil pH followed by solubilization of toxic salts of metals. Large number of studies have investigated the possible effects of ambient air pollution on  vegetation and air pollution in stomata number and size and stomatal apparatus. The primary aim of this study was to impact air pollution from the aspect of presence SO2, NOX, CO2, O3 and PM10 on vegetation in the city of Banja Luka and stomatal response to air pollution, through a review of existing research.

scholarly journals The epidemiological trends in the burden of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 exposure in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Wu ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Jin Zhou ◽  
Yifei Bi ◽  
Shuang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Age Group

Abstract Objective PM2.5, which is a major contributor to air pollution, has large effects on lung cancer mortality. We want to analyse the long-term trends in lung cancer burden attributable to PM2.5 exposure and provide evidence that can be used for preventive measures and health resource planning. Methods Mortality data related to lung cancer were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 project. A joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess the magnitude and direction of the trends in mortality from 1990 to 2019, and the age-period-cohort method was used to analyse the temporal trends in the mortality rate of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 exposure by age, period, and cohort. Results From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) attributable to PM2.5 exposure trended slowly upwards, and the ASMR due to ambient PM2.5 exposure (APE) increased significantly, that due to household PM2.5 exposure (HPE) decreased. The longitudinal age curves show that the mortality rates due to PM2.5 exposure among younger individuals were low, and they significantly increased from their levels among those in the 45–49 age group to their levels among those in the over-85 age group. From 1990 to 2019, the period RRs due to APE increased, but those due to HPE decreased. Similar trends were observed in the cohort RRs. The overall net drift per year attributable to PM2.5 exposure was below 0. The local drift values increased with age and were above 0 for the over-80 age groups. The overall net drifts per year were above zero for APE and below zero for HPE. The corresponding results among males were higher than those among females. Conclusions In China, the type of air pollution responsible for lung cancer has changed from household air pollution to ambient air pollution. PM2.5 exposure is more harmful among males and older people. Ambient air pollution should be emphasized, and China should strengthen its implementation of effective public policies and other interventions.

STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION OF JHANSI CITY, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. CHAUHAN ◽  
BHANUMATI SINGH ◽  
SHREE GANESH ◽  
JAMSHED ZAIDI
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Status

Studies on air pollution in large cities of India showed that ambient air pollution concentrations are at such levels where serious health effects are possible. This paper presents overview on the status of air quality index (AQI) of Jhansi city by using multivariate statistical techniques. This base line data can help governmental and non-governmental organizations for the management of air pollution.

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