scholarly journals The effect of boron fertilization on spring cereals

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Hilkka Tähtinen
Keyword(s):  
Boron Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Boron Fertilization

The research material was collected in the period from 1947-69 and was based on grain yields obtained in field experiments carried out with spring cereals in various parts of Finland. Fertilizers were used with and without boron. The boron, from 0.9 to 2.8 B kg/ha, was applied mainly as fertilizer borate and was mixed into the soil during seed bed preparation. The size of yield when boron was not applied did not depend significantly on the pH, calcium, phosphorus or boron content of the soils. The difference in yield obtained with boron fertilization varied from —520 to + 580 kg/ha. Hot water-soluble boron in the soil, and the joint effect of this and acid ammonium acetate-extractable calcium gave the best correlation with the yield differences. It appears that it is possible to improve the test value of hot water-soluble boron by taking into account the type of soil and its calcium content.

Effect of parent material, natural available soil boron, and applied boron and lime on the growth and chemical composition of lucerne on some acidic soils of the Central Tablelands of New South Wales

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (117) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Haddad ◽  
CJ Kaldor
Keyword(s):  
Boron Content ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
South Wales

Fifteen acidic soils (0-1 5 cm), three from each of the five main parent materials in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, were collected for a glasshouse experiment. The hot water soluble boron content of these soils and some other related soil properties were measured. Boron at nil and 1.5 �g/g air-dried soil and lime at nil and 670 �g/g air-dried soil in a factorial combination were applied to the soils. The effects of the treatments on the performance of lucerne (Medicago sativa cv. Hunter River) grown on these soils were studied. Boron application tended to increase the production of lucerne dry matter on sandstone, shale and slate, and granitic soils, but not on basaltic or alluvial soils. Also, it increased the boron concentration in the leaves of lucerne grown in all soils and consequently, reduced the calcium to boron ratio. The boron levels that produced 90% of the maximum yield and below which boron deficiency symptoms were manifested by the plants, were 0.34 �g/g in air-dried soil and 25 �g/g in oven-dried leaves. There was a linear correlation (r = 0.98) between the hot water soluble boron content of the untreated soils and the boron concentration in the leaves. The hot water soluble boron content of the soils derived from sandstone, shale and slate, and granite was much lower than the basaltic or alluvial soils and were nearly equal to or below the determined critical level. Although liming had the tendency to induce the symptoms of boron deficiency, the effect of lime was greater than boron in increasing the yield. The role of lime in eliminating the problems of these acidic soils and hence promoting the yield of lucerne is discussed.

EFFECTS OF APPLIED AND RESIDUAL BORON ON THE NUTRITION OF CABBAGE AND FIELD BEANS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMESH C. GUPTA ◽  
J. A. CUTCLIFFE
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Field Beans

Field experiments were conducted at four locations in Prince Edward Island to determine the effect of applied B on leaf tissue B and yields of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) in the year of application of B and again the following year. Application rates of 8.8 kg B∙ha−1 reduced bean seed yields at all locations and the 4.4-kg B∙ha−1 rate reduced yields at two locations in the first year. Leaf tissue B levels > 109 μg∙g−1 are clearly toxic for beans and seriously reduced bean yields. Furthermore, the yield and visual symptom data strongly suggest that tissue B levels even as low as 60 μg∙g−1 are toxic for this crop. No significant reductions in bean yields were noted in the second year crop, even at the 8.8 kg B∙ha−1 rate. Rates of up to 8.8 kg B∙ha−1 did not cause any reduction in cabbage yield even during the year of application. Leaf tissue B concentrations as high as 71–132 μg∙g−1 were not related to any B toxicity in cabbge. Added B did not increase yield of either beans or cabbage. Even though leaf tissue B levels as low as 16 μg∙g−1 in cabbage and 26 μg∙g−1 in beans occurred, no B deficiency was found. After the first and second years of beans the hot-water-soluble B in the soil ranged from 1.4 to 1.9 and from 0.8 to 1.2 μg∙g−1, respectively, where B had been applied at 8.8 kg∙ha−1. Key words: Cabbage, beans, boron toxicity, tissue boron, yields

Effect of boron on the protein and amino acid composition of wheat grain

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Iqtidar ◽  
S. F. Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wheat Protein ◽  
Wheat Grain

SummaryField experiments were conducted for 2 years in Peshawar, North West Frontier Province of Pakistan, to study the effect of three levels of boron (1, 2 and 3 kg/ha) on the amino acid composition of wheat protein. The soil was clay loam, alluvial in nature, with a pH value of 7·8, and hot-water-soluble boron content of 0·58 mg/kg.Positive linear and negative quadratic effects of boron were observed on the protein and ash contents of wheat grain. Most of the essential amino acids were linearly increased with increasing supply of boron. There was a negative linear relationship of boron with all non-essential amino acids, except histidine and tyrosine.Lysine was the most deficient amino acid in wheat protein. Chemical score based on this amino acid was positively affected by boron. There was also an improvement in the amino acid profile due to boron.

scholarly journals BROWN HEART IN RUTABAGAS GROWN ON SOUTHERN ONTARIO SOILS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. BEAUCHAMP ◽  
I. HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Clear Relationship ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
The Third ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Heart Condition

Brown heart sometimes occurs in rutabagas (Brassica napobrassica Mill.) grown on some southern Ontario soils even though a recommended quantity of B fertilizer has been applied. Fourteen field experiments were conducted on growers' fields over a 4-yr period to determine the cause of this phenomenon. Brown heart occurred when the hot-water-soluble B content of the soil decreased below approximately 1.3 ppm although there were a few exceptions. An application of 4.5 kg B/ha as borax did not completely overcome the brown-heart condition in a majority of the experiments. The B concentration in the third or fourth leaf from the centre of the whorl was not related to brown-heart incidence. However, it was found that a B concentration of less than 18 ppm in the roots was generally associated with brown-heart incidence. Although there was no clear relationship between the Ca/B ratio in the leaf blades and brown-heart incidence, there was an increase in brown-heart incidence as the Ca/B ratio in the roots increased above 170. In three experiments, an application of 224 kg Na/ha as NaCl significantly increased brown-heart incidence, whereas in a fourth experiment there was a significant decrease. There was some evidence that the Na may slightly decrease the B concentration. Also the Ca concentration increased as the Na concentration increased in rutabaga tissues thereby affecting the Ca/B ratio and possibly brown-heart incidence. There was also evidence that, in the root tissues, the Ca/B ratio was inversely related to the K concentration. It was concluded that the effectiveness of B in decreasing brown-heart incidence was related to the Ca concentration in rutabaga plants.

THE AVAILABLE BORON CONTENT OF THE GENETIC HORIZONS OF SOME ONTARIO SOILS: I. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER-SOLUBLE BORON AND OTHER SOIL PROPERTIES

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Miljkovic ◽  
B. C. Matthews ◽  
M. H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Relationship

The available boron content of the genetic horizons of eight Ontario soils was determined using a hot-water extraction and a sunflower test. The available boron was highest in the surface horizons and decreased in the zones of eluviation to a level equal to or lower than that in the parent material. The content in the horizons was generally higher than that in the C horizons.The water-soluble boron was closely related to the organic matter content in a quadratic regression (R2 = 0.691). When pH and clay content were included in regressions, a positive organic matter × pH component was the single most important variable, explaining 64.4% of the variability. Additional terms involving clay content and pH did not greatly increase the R2 value.

scholarly journals BORON AND ZINC NUTRITION OF TOBACCO GROWN IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMESH C. GUPTA ◽  
W. J. ARSENAULT
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Zinc Nutrition ◽  
Grade Index

Field experiments were conducted at various locations in Prince Edward Island to determine the effect of applied Zn and B on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) yield, grade index, and tissue B and Zn concentrations. Addition of B at 1.1 kg ha−1 did not increase tobacco yield. Rates of B at 8.8 kg ha−1 and higher proved toxic and resulted in yield reductions. At these higher rates there was more than 3 μg g−1 hot-water-soluble (HWS) B in the soil and 113–169 μg B g−1 in the various primings. Tissue B levels as low as 31 μg g−1 in the third priming and the HWS B as low as 0.3 μg g−1 soil did not give B deficiency symptoms. Additions of Zn tended to increase yields but not significantly. Tissue Zn levels as low as 17 μg g−1 in the 3rd priming did not result in Zn deficiency symptoms. No yield reductions occurred when the tissue Zn levels were as high as 115 in the first and 57 μg g−1 in the fourth priming. The grade index of tobacco was not affected by Zn applications but B applications of 8.8 kg ha−1 significantly decreased the index. Tissue Zn and B were higher in the 1st and 2nd than in the 3rd, 4th, or 5th primings. Key words: Tobacco yields, tissue boron, tissue zinc, boron toxicity

scholarly journals Effects of Boron Fertilization on Sunflower Grown on Low Boron Sandy Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Khalid Dhassi ◽  
Saad Drissi ◽  
Kacem Makroum ◽  
Fatimzahra Nasreddine ◽  
Fouad Amlal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
High Boron ◽  
Boron Fertilization

<span>Agronomists evaluate soil boron fertility with the threshold of around 0.5 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>(hot water extraction). The nonappearance of boron deficiency on sunflower, when grown on low boron sandy soil, was investigated to test the validity of this boron guideline fertility.<strong> </strong>The soil boron content was around 0.19mg kg<sup>-1</sup>. Pot experiments were conducted during 2015 season and repeated during 2016 season. Six boron levels were applied to soil: (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) in 2015 and (0, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) in 2016. Boron was applied as Solubor-C (Na<sub>2</sub>B<sub>8</sub>O<sub>13</sub>.4H<sub>2</sub>O, 21% of boron). The results revealed that soil boron application did not enhance kernels weight and kernels oil and protein contents. However, boron</span><span>supply</span><span>higher than or equal to 1mg kg<sup>-1 </sup>resulted in visible leaf damage. Also, a significant decrease in kernels weight was recorded at high boron levels (15 and 20 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>). The kernels boron content did not increase with a successive increase in dose of boron supply. It was sufficient, around 16mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, for all boron tested amounts. Also, plant content on other nutrients was not affected by boron application. The soil residual boron enrichment was around 0.3 mg kg<sup>-1 </sup>for each boron application of 2 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>.</span>

ANALISA KANDUNGAN BETA-GLUKAN LARUT AIR DAN LARUT ALKALI DARI TUBUH BUAH JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) DAN SHIITAKE (Lentinus edodes)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Netty Widyastuti ◽  
Teguh Baruji ◽  
Henky Isnawan ◽  
Priyo Wahyudi ◽  
Donowati Donowati
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Oyster Mushrooms ◽  
The Difference

Beta glucan is a polysaccharide compound, generally not soluble inwater and resistant to acid. Beta glucan is used as an immunomodulator (enhancing the immune system) in mammals is usually a beta-glucan soluble in water, easily absorbed and has a low molecular weight. Several example of beta-glucan such as cellulose (β-1 ,4-glucan), lentinan (β-1 0.6-glucan) and (β-1 ,3-glucan), pleuran (β-1, 6 and β-1 ,3-glucan) are isolated from species of fungi Basidiomycota include mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes).The purpose of thisresearch activity is to obtain beta-glucan compound that can be dissolved in water and in alkali derived from fungi Basidiomycota, i.e, Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). The result of beta-glucan compared to characterize the resulting beta glucan that is molecular structure . The difference of beta glucan extraction is based on the differences in solubility of beta-glucan. Beta glucan could be water soluble and insoluble water.

Variasi Penambahan Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) pada Pembuatan Flakes Ditinjau dari Sifat Fisik, Sifat Organoleptik dan Kadar Kalsium

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Frieda Rosita Majid ◽  
Nur Hidayat ◽  
Waluyo Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristic ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Background:Moringa (Moringaoleifera Lam.) Is a plant of high nutritional value, grows scattered in the tropics and sub-tropics, but utilization is still low. Each section has its benefits Moringa one part is the Moringa leaves contain a high calcium. In 100 grams of material, fresh Moringa leaves contain as much as 440 mg of calcium in the form of flour whereas if it contains as much as 2,003 mg of calcium. One of its use in the manufacture of flakes added. Objective: Know the difference physical harateristi, organoleptic characteristic and calcium levels in flakes variations addition of Moringa leaf powder. Methods: The study is a randomized experimental design with simple, includes four kinds of treatments, two replications with two experimental units. Observations of physical characteristic were analyzed by descriptive, the organoleptic characteristic of data analysis using statistical test Kruskal-Wallis continued Mann-Whitney and methods of test calcium content using permanganometri then the data were analyzed descriptive. Results: The physical characteristics of flakes greenish-yellow, slightly fragrant aroma typical of flakes, rather unpleasant taste typical of Moringa leaves and a slightly crunchy texture. Organoleptic characteristics the color of flakes with moringa leaf powder 5%, the aroma of the flakes without addition moringa leaf powder, the flavour of flakes with additions moringa leaf powder 5% and the texture of flakes with additions moringa leaf powder 7,5% most prefered panelist and high levels calcium of flakes with additions 10% moringa leaf powder. Conclusion: There is a difference variations addition of moringa leaf powder on physical, organoleptic characteristic (color) and the level of calcium flakes.Flakes with the addition of 5% moringa leaf powder is the most prefered panelist.   Keywords:Moringa Leaf Flour, Flakes, Physical characteristic, organoleptic, Calcium

Perbedaan Metode Three Compartement Sink dengan Air Panas dan Larutan Klorin terhadap Angka Kuman Alat Makan di RSU Queen Latifa

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Rifatun Hasanah ◽  
Setyowati Setyowati ◽  
Noor Tifauzah
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
T Test ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hospital Use

Background:One of the efforts in preventing congenital food disease is by washing the cutlery perfectly. The cutlery used by patients with infectious diseases should be noted more, because it has a risk in disease transmission through cutlery. The process of washing the cutlery for infected patients in Queen Latifa Hospital use three compartement sink method with hot water, while the three compartement sink method with clorine solvent has never been tested. Purpose: Research was to determine the difference in the number of germs in the tool was washed using three compartement sink method with hot water and with clorine solvent. Method:Types of research is experiment with rancangan percobaan acak kelompok (RAK). The object of this research is 4 plates and 4 bowls. The number of experimental units in this research were 2 treatments x 2 cutlery x 2 checks x 2 reapetitions = 16 experimental units. The analysis used independent t-test with 95% confidence level. Result :The average number of germs in the cutlery washed using the three compartment sink method with hot water was 1 x 101 cfu / cm2, whereas with chlorine solvent is 0.2 cfu / cm2. Independent test t-test shows p = 0.049 which means the hypothesis is accepted. onclusion : There are differences in the number of germs in the washing cutlery using the three compartment sink method with hot water and with chlorine solvent.   Keywords: number of germs, cutlery, three compartment sink

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