CRESCIMENTO VEGETATIVO DA MORINGA EM DISTINTOS REGIMES DE IRRIGAÇÃO ASSOCIADOS A COMPOSIÇÕES DE DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS

CRESCIMENTO VEGETATIVO DA MORINGA EM DISTINTOS REGIMES DE IRRIGAÇÃO ASSOCIADOS A COMPOSIÇÕES DE DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS VALDIR MOURA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR1; THAYS SOUSA LOPES1; JOÃO VALDENOR PEREIRA FILHO1; JAILDO RIBEIRO BARBOSA1; ROBERT WILLIAM FERREIRA SOARES1; CARMEM CRISTINA MARECO DE SOUSA PEREIRA2 1Centro Integrado de Ensino Superior, Universidade Estadual do Piauí (UESPI), Rua Almir Benvindo, s/n, bairro Aeroporto, 64860-000, Uruçuí, Piauí, Brasil. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n - Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. [email protected] 1 RESUMO A moringa possui ampla adaptabilidade e se condiciona, com muita facilidade, ao clima e solo do Nordeste brasileiro. Ainda são escassas as informações sobre a produção de mudas desta espécie sob composições de substratos associados a regimes de irrigação. Desta forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar o comportamento vegetativo de plantas de moringa submetidas a distintas composições de substratos e regimes de irrigação. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente telado, no período de setembro a outubro de 2020, na área experimental da Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Uruçuí. Adotou-se um delineamento experimental em esquema fatorial, sendo, o primeiro fator, dois regimes de irrigação (50 e 100% da ETo) e o segundo fator, cinco substratos (SB1 = latossolo vermelho; SB2 = substrato comercial; SB3 = solo + esterco; SB4 = solo + cinza vegetal; SB5 = solo + borra de café), com 5 repetições. Aos 45 dias após a semeadura (DAS) foram avaliadas a altura de plantas e o diâmetro do caule. Os parâmetros de crescimento inicial da cultura da moringa foram afetados significativamente pela interação (regimes de irrigação x substratos), sendo os melhores resultados obtidos, na maioria dos substratos utilizados, com a aplicação do regime hídrico de 100% da ETo. Palavras-chave: Moringa oleifera Lam, produção de mudas, déficit hídrico. OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, V. M.; LOPES, T. S.; PEREIRA FILHO, J. V.; BARBOSA, J. R.; SOARES, R. W. F.; PEREIRA, C. C. M. S. VEGETATION GROWTH OF MORINGA IN DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOSITIONS OF DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES 2 ABSTRACT Moringa has wide adaptability and is very easily conditioned to the climate and soil of northeastern Brazil. Information on the production of seedlings of this species under compositions of substrates associated with irrigation regimes is still scarce. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the vegetative behavior of moringa plants submitted to different compositions of substrates and irrigation regimes. The experiment was carried out in a screened environment, from September to October 2020, in the experimental area of ​​the State University of Piauí, Uruçuí. An experimental design was adopted in a factorial scheme, the first factor being two irrigation regimes (50 and 100% of ETo) and the second factor, five substrates (SB1 = red oxisol; SB2 = commercial substrate; SB3 = soil + manure; SB4 = soil + vegetable ash; SB5 = soil + coffee grounds), with 5 repetitions. At 45 days after sowing (DAS), plant height and stem diameter was evaluated. The initial growth parameters of the moringa crop were significantly affected by the interaction (irrigation regimes x substrates), with the best results obtained, in most of the substrates used, with the application of the water regime of 100% of ETo. Keywords: Moringa oleifera Lam, seedling production, water deficit.

Optimization of the extraction and precipitation process of a leaf protein concentrate from Moringa oleifera Lam.

This study aimed to determine the best extraction and precipitation conditions of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf protein. The influence of pH (10, 11, 12) and the concentration of NaCl (0, 0.25, 0.5) for the protein extraction process were studied through a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial arrange 32. The combination of pH 11 and 12 with 0 M NaCl had the best yield (P<0.05). The treatment of pH 11 without NaCl followed a precipitation stage for its purification, and the effect of different levels of pH (4, 4.5, 5) and temperature (40, 60, 80 °C) were evaluated using a CRD with factorial arrange 22 and 6 central points. The temperature did not affect the yield of the process in a significant way and the amount of precipitate was maximized at pH 4 and 4.5. From 100 g of the dry leaf, 7.26±0.19 g of protein was isolated with a recovery of 26.93±0.22 g 100 g-1 from the total protein. Due to their astringency and bitterness, consuming large amounts of Moringa oleifera Lam leaves is not a solution; therefore, obtaining a leaf proteinconcentrate could be useful for diverse applications in nutritional supplements, and as raw material for functional products development.

A Gift of Good Health from Mother Nature: Presenting Moringa oleifera, a Plant with Multiple Anticancer Activities

Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is a multifarious beneficial tree and widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions all over the world. All parts of this plants are edible and used as a plentiful source of phytochemicals with high nutritional values. Since antiquity, this plant was recognized as a panacea for the treatment of several ailments in ethnomedicinal system. In last few decades, this fact is further reconfirmed by various scientific research works in which the plant was found to show broad spectrum of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inammatory, antiurolithic, antimicrobial, anangesic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antiproliferative, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, etc. Different parts of this plant exhibited significant inhibitory activity against a variety of cancer cells at moderate to low concentrations and also possess low toxicity in normal cells. This review mainly focuses a brief overview on the anticancer profile of this wonderful tree.

MORFOLOGIA E COLETA DE GENÓTIPOS DE MORINGA EM TRÊS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS

A Moringa oleifera Lam (moringaceae) é uma planta originaria da índia, sendo muito cultivada atualmente na América Central e em partes da África. Possui uma grande capacidade de uso medicinal pelo seu alto valor nutricional. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a coleta de genótipos de Moringa oleifera em cidades dos estados do Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais e Piauí. Sendo mapeados 22 acessos de Moringa. Foram obtidos 20 genótipos no Espirito Santo, as características avaliadas foram altura e diâmetro da planta, comprimento da folha e comprimento do pecíolo. Com os resultados obtidos neste trabalho foi possível concluir que as características altura e diâmetro da planta, no período em que foram avaliados, não possibilitaram a distinção entre os genótipos de Moringa oleífera estudados. Para as avaliações relacionadas as folhas, não foi possível observar diferença entre os genótipos.

LEVANTAMENTO ETNOBOTÂNICO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS UTILIZADAS PELA COMUNIDADE DE NACUALE, NO PARQUE NACIONAL DAS QUIRIMBAS, MOÇAMBIQUE

A presente pesquisa teve como objectivo fazer o levantamento Etnobotânico de plantas com poder medicinal utilizadas pela comunidade de Nacuale no Distrito de Ancuabe, Cabo Delgado, Moçambique. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 88 chefes de agregados familiares com propósito de compreender além do perfil socio -económico, as principais plantas usadas para o tratamento de doenças mais frequentes da comunidade desta localidade. As plantas citadas como medicinal foram identificadas e organizadas em função dos valores de concordância de uso principal-CUPc. Por sua vez, foi determinada a diversidade de plantas medicinais usadas na região, bem como as doenças para a qual cada uma das plantas é usada. Cerca de 45% da população que vive na localidade de Nacuale é pobre (rendimento familiar inferior a 15 $/mês). As principais actividades de renda são a agricultura familiar (68%), caça (20%) e pequenos negócios (12%). O difícil acesso aos serviços de saúde convencional faz com que a maioria das populações optem pela medicina tradicional para tratamento de doenças. A Mangifera indica Wall (46,0%), Afizelia quanzensis Welw (37,5%), Moringa oleífera Lam (29,2%) e Carica papaya L (20,8%) foram as espécies mais citadas dentre as utilizadas para o tratamento de doenças. As populações demonstraram ainda ter conhecimento de diversas espécies de plantas medicinais da região (H’=3,04 e J’=0,93), enquanto que as doenças comumente tratadas com recurso destas plantas são a malária (20%), dores de estomago (18 %), dores de cabeça (16%) e reumatismo (13%). Na localidade de Nacuale, o uso da medicina tradicional é ainda uma opção viável pela dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde convencional, agravado pelo baixo nível de escolaridade, pobreza e aspectos socioculturais. As plantas são usadas para tratamento de doenças mais frequentes nessa região. Palavra chaves: etnobotânica; plantas medicinais; Cabo Delgado - Moçambique. Ethnobotanical assessment of medicinal plants used by the community of Nacuale, in the Quirimbas National Park, Mozambique Abstract: The objective of the present research was to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of plants with medicinal uses in the village of Nacuale in Ancuabe District, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. 88 households were interviewed with the purpose of understanding, in addition to the socio-economic profile, the most common plants used for the treatment of the community's most frequent diseases in this village. The plants cited as medicinal were identified and organized according to the values of concordance of principal use-CUPc. In addition, the diversity of medicinal plants used in the region was determined, as well as the diseases for which each of the plants is used. About 45% of the population living in Nacuale is low-income (household income less than 15 $/month). The main income generating activities are subsistence farming (68%), hunting (20%) and small businesses (12%). The difficult access to conventional health services makes most of the population opt for traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases. Mangifera indica Wall (46.0%), Afizelia quanzensis Welw (37.5%), Moringa oleifera Lam (29.2%), Carica papaya L (20.8%) were cited as the species most used for the treatment of these diseases. The populations also demonstrated knowledge of several species of medicinal plants of the region (H'=3.04 and J'=0.93), and the diseases commonly treated with these plants are malaria (20%), stomach aches (18%), headaches (16%) and rheumatism (13%). Thus, in the village of Nacuale the use of traditional medicine is still a viable option due to the difficulty of access to conventional health services, recorded by the low level of education, poverty, and socio-cultural aspects. The plants are used to treat the most frequent diseases in the region. Keywords: ethnobotany; medicinal plants; Cabo Delgado - Mozambique.

Effect Concentration of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) Leaf Extract in Citrate-Egg Yolk in Maintaining Motility and Viability of Spermatozoa of Kacang Goat

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and the best concentration of Moringa leaf extract (MLE) in the citrate-egg yolk (C-EY) to maintain the motility and viability of spermatozoa kacang goat. Semen was collected from 3 goats aged two years; by using the artificial vagina method. The semen was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. The semen that had >70% sperm motility and >250x106/ml sperm concentration was divided into 4 equal tubes, each diluted with100% C-EY (P1), 10% MLE+ 90%C-EY (P2), 20% MLE +80% C-EY (P3), and 30% MLE+70% C-EY (P4). The diluted samples were then stored in a refrigerator (3-5?C) and evaluated for motility and viability every 24 hours. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and five replications. The results showed that the addition of MLE in C-EY significantly affected goat spermatozoa's progressive motility and viability. The data showed that the spermatozoa kept during four days in a diluent of P2 had higher (P<0.05) motility 44.67±4.80% and viability 74.24±4.46%than the other three diluents of P1(36.00±4.70%; 70.10±3.6%), P3(33.67±0.42%; 66.85±4.99%) and P4 (29.67±3.99%; 63.96±5.44%). This study concluded that adding 10% MLE was the best concentration as source energy in 90% C-EY diluents, which effectively maintained the motility and viability of kacang goat spermatozoa for four days of storage at a temperature of 3-5oC.