scholarly journals The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the humification of the peat in cultivated Sphagnum bogs

1962 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

The paper is a report on the volume weights of the ash-free, dry peat on the cultivated Sphagnum bog at Leteensuo found in connection with different degrees of nitrogen fertilization. The volume weight attained higher values under nitrogen fertilization than in the treatments with mere potassium and phosphate fertilization. As the volume weight of peat also increases with increasing humification, the conclusion was drawn from the results that nitrogen fertilization has favoured the humification of Sphagnum peat.

scholarly journals The effect of claying upon the settling of the soil surface on cultivated Sphagnum bogs

1960 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

The present investigation concerns a Sphagnum bog area that has been under cultivation for 35 years. According to the results, the effect of the claying during this time has been the settling of the surface of the soil on an average 12.5 cm more than in unclayed bog.

Water budget analysis of small forested boreal watersheds: comparison of Sphagnum bog, patterned fen and lake dominated downstream areas in the La Grande River region, Québec

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Tardif ◽  
André St-Hilaire ◽  
René Roy ◽  
Monique Bernier ◽  
Serge Payette
Keyword(s):  
Water Budget ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
River Region ◽  
Sphagnum Bog ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Monteith Equation

A water budget analysis (precipitation (P), surface runoff (Q), evapotranspiration (ET) and storage variations (ΔS)) was completed over a 3-year span for two Sphagnum bogs, three patterned fens and two shallow lakes all located in the La Grande River watershed in central Québec. The high variability of P from 2005 to 2007 during summer and fall (July to October) allowed us to produce water budgets over a large spectrum of wetness conditions at seasonal and event timescales. Bogs and fens (not lakes) have the intrinsic ability to keep the water table near the surface most of the time, which affects Q. Fens and lakes showed a similar hydrological behavior when compared to bogs, in spite of differences in Q and ΔS variability due to the typical vegetation structure of fens. This structure also tends to produce sharper rises of Q when compared to lakes that have overall smoother hydrograms. The dominant water budget term for bogs, fens and lakes was ΔS, Q and ET, respectively. Finally, an adaptation of the Penman–Monteith equation was successfully used to estimate potential ET. This revised method is based on peatland vegetation identification that provides a simple weighing factor for stomatal resistance.

scholarly journals The effect of claying carried out in 1923 upon the thermal conditions in cultivated Sphagnum peat soil in the summer of 1959

1960 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

In the present investigation the significance of claying of cultivated Sphagnum bog was studied from the point of view of the thermal conditions in the soil after a long period. The investigation was carried out when 36 years had passed since clay had been applied to the test area. The results have shown that the claying has caused differences of about 1°C in soil temperature in summer as compared to unclayed soil.

scholarly journals Peatland unit types of lake-bog systems in the middle Priob’ie (Western Siberia)

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1S) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
I V Filippov ◽  
E D Lapshina
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Dwarf Shrubs ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
Carex Rostrata ◽  
Thematic Information ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
Sphagnum Bog ◽  
Promising Source

The new GIS technologies and availability of satellite images of high resolution all over the world could be a promising source of thematic information about the distribution of the Western Siberian bogs. At the same time for the accurate interpretation of peatland diversity on the base of satellite images detailed quality ground truth information is necessary. Following peatland unit types have been distinguished and described within the study area “Kukushkino Bog” situated 60 km to the east from Khanty-Mansiysk within the huge oligotrophic lake-bog system: 1 - pine-dwarf shrubs-sphagnum bogs (‘ryam’), 2 - pine-dwarf shrubs-sphagnum bog with small cotton-grass sphagnum hollows, 3 - dwarf shrubs-cotton grass-sphagnum bogs (‘open bog’), 4 - ombrotrophic ridge-hollow complex, 5 - ombrotrophic sphagnum lawns complex & water tracks, 6 - poor sedge (Carex rostrata)-sphagnum fens. Detailed study of peatland diversity and development of landscape-ecological classification of mire types for the territory of Western Siberia could be a good scientific base for the future investigation of peatlands and estimated of their values of carbon pool.

Cellulose mass loss in ombrotrophic bogs of northeastern North America

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2378-2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary V. Santelmann
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
Peak Mass ◽  
Sphagnum Bog ◽  
Second Peak ◽  
Loss Rates

Profiles of cellulose mass loss were measured for six Sphagnum bogs in eastern North America as an index of decomposition rates. After 2 years, mass loss rates in the upper 5 cm of the profiles averaged 49% in hummocks, 52% in hollows where the water table was more than 5 cm below the surface, and 21% in hollows where the water table was within 5 cm of the surface. Hummock profiles were of three types: (i) mass loss highest at the surface, gradually decreasing to very low rates below the water table; (ii) mass loss highest at the surface, decreasing for 10 – 20 cm, with a second peak in the region of the water table; and (iii) mass loss low at the surface with a subsurface peak. Mass loss rates for all profiles reached minimum values below the water table, averaging 3% in hummocks and 5% in hollows after 2 years. Cellulose mass loss was quite variable in upper portions of the profiles; within-site variance was almost as great as between-site variance, reflecting similarity among these bogs and heterogeneity within each site. Analysis of variance of mass loss at the hummock surface showed no significant effect of site; however, contrasts among means showed that mass loss rates at the surface of hummocks of the northern (Newfoundland) bogs were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those from the sites farthest south (in Nova Scotia and Maine). Key words: cellulose mass loss, Sphagnum bog, decomposition.

scholarly journals The temperature of peat soil at Leteensuo

1962 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Remarkable Difference ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

The soil temperature at depths of 20, 50 and 100 cm has been higher in the summertime in the cultivated fen soil at Leteensuo than in cultivated Sphagnum peat soil, while the latter again had higher temperatures than Sphagnum bog in its natural state. There is a remarkable difference in soil temperature between two bogs of different geographical location, namely, Leteensuo and Pelsonsuo. At Leteensuo, which lies in the southern part of Finland, the soil begins to warm up at a much earlier date than at Pelsonsuo and the soil temperature is higher. The effective soil temperature (referred to +5°C) at 20 cm depth is nearly twice as high as at Pelsonsuo; at a greater depth it is even three times as high.

EFFECT OF LIME ON POTATO CROPS AND ON PROPERTIES OF A SPHAGNUM PEAT SOIL

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MacLean ◽  
J. J. Jasmin ◽  
R. L. Halstead
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Hygroscopic Moisture ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Potato Crops

Limestone applied at the rate of 6.7 metric tons/ha to a raw peat soil (pH 3.7) increased the yield of potatoes in a field experiment by 5.5 tons/ha. Higher rates of lime gave no further increase. In the three subsequent years the yield was just as satisfactory on the unlimed plots as on those receiving the 6.7-ton rate and the yield was depressed by higher rates of lime.Limestone, particularly at the higher rates, tended to increase hygroscopic moisture, volume weight, ash, CEC and solubility in pyrophosphate solution and to decrease C and the C/N ratio of the soil. Although these changes were small they were indicative of a beneficial effect of lime on humification of the peat.

scholarly journals IMPACTOS TÉCNICO-ECONÔMICOS DA ADUBAÇÃO DE PASTOS

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral ◽  
Carla Heloisa Avelino Cabral ◽  
Alyce Raiana Monteiro Santos ◽  
Aline Müller Motta ◽  
Lucas Gimenes Mota
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Pasture Fertilization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Improve Production Efficiency

A criação de bovinos no Brasil ocorre, prioritariamente, em pastagens e, neste contexto, a adubação do pasto é uma importante estratégia de aumento na eficiência produtiva. Diante disso, objetivou-se, com esta revisão, descrever os impactos técnicos da adubação no desenvolvimento de gramíneas tropicais. A calagem é uma prática importante na disponibilidade dos nutrientes e, novos estudos visam demonstrar que o intervalo entre a incorporação do calcário e a semeadura tem maior dependência da umidade do solo e que é possível reduzir este período que tradicionalmente é de 60 a 90 dias. A adubação fosfatada tem maior impacto sobre a implantação do que a manutenção do pasto, e quando negligenciada na formação do pasto, observa-se um efeito residual sobre a rebrota. O nitrogênio e o potássio são os nutrientes mais extraídos na manutenção dos pastos, o que se torna importante o estudo da relação entre estes nutrientes, bem como a adoção da adubação potássica em sistemas em que a adubação nitrogenada é uma prática rotineira. A varredura, que consiste na mistura de sobras de fertilizantes em galpões, embora tenha baixo custo por quilo de produto, o uso pode ser antieconômico, o que depende da composição do insumo adquirido. Palavras-chave: calagem; fertilização de pastos; formação de pastagens.   Technical and economic impacts of pasture fertilization   ABSTRACT: Cattle production on Brazil priority occurs in grasslands, in this context, pasture fertilization is an important strategy to improve production efficiency. Therefore, the aim with this review is to describe the technical impacts of fertilization on tropical grass development. Liming is an important practice in nutrient availability and new studies aim to demonstrate that the interval between limestone incorporation and seeding has more dependence on soil moisture, and that is possible to reduce this period, which traditionally is from 60 to 90 days. Phosphate fertilization has a greater impact on pasture implantation than maintenance, and when neglected in pasture formation, there is a residual effect on regrowth. Nitrogen and potassium are the nutrients extracted on pasture maintenance, which makes it important to study the relationship between these nutrients, as well as the adoption of potassium fertilization in systems where nitrogen fertilization is a routine practice. Mixing leftover fertilizers in warehouses, although it has a low cost per kilo of product, the use can be uneconomical, which depends on the input composition purchased. Keywords: liming; pasture fertilization; pasture implantation.

scholarly journals Fertilization of Sphagnum bogs, on the basis of certain field experiments at Leteensuo

1960 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-157
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
Stable Manure ◽  
Recent Addition ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

The present investigation is an account of the results from two fertilizing experiments established on Sphagnum bog at the Experimental Station of Leteensuo. The experiments were carried out in 1923 and 1934. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results. Most important in significance among the different nutrients is nitrogen, phosphorus ranging next, and potassium last. Potassium could even cause a reduction in the crop yields. The effect of liming was evident in the form of increased hay crops, whereas the grain yields of oats were reduced by it. Liming has improved the effect of phosphorus particularly in the case of hay. The results also seem to indicate that the relation between potassium and calcium has significance in regard to the reduction of crop yield caused by potassium. Remarkable crop yield increases were obtained by nitrogen fertilizing. The hay crops and the grain and straw crops of oats increased almost linearly with the addition of nitrogen, in the form of calcium nitrate, in quantities up to 90 kg N per hectare. Quantities in excess of this caused hardly any further increase in the crops. The said quantity is suitable for cover manuring of hay meadows, but the most advisable quantity for cereals is thought to be 45—60 kg N per hectare, so that lodging of the crops might be avoided. Nitrogen fertilization does not essentially affect the quality of the grain crops of cereals; on the other hand nitrogen promoted the retention of timothy in the meadow when nitrogen was used in quantities up to 90 kg per hectare. Stable manure increased the crops. This effect was most distinctly evident in the grain and straw crops of oats. The effect of stable manure was still present 15 years after the most recent addition of stable manure.

Calcium and pH co-restrict abundance of Drosera rotundifolia (Droseraceae) in a Sphagnum bog in central British Columbia

Botany ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M.C. Jones ◽  
Hugues B. Massicotte ◽  
Arthur L. Fredeen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Regression Tree Analysis ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
Drosera Rotundifolia ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

The genus Drosera (sundews) is represented in British Columbia (BC), Canada, by Drosera rotundifolia (L.), Drosera anglica (Huds.), and their hybrid Drosera × obovata (Mert. & W.D.J. Koch). All three can be found in Sphagnum bogs of central BC, including those within the Aleza Lake Research Forest (ALRF) located 60 km east of Prince George. Vegetation patterns in bogs are known to be correlated with light, water, and nutrient gradients, and despite information being available on the influence of light and water on Drosera occurrence, little information is known about the role of nutrients. Here, we focused on a bog containing all three Drosera species, to determine whether nutrient levels are related to the abundance of the widespread species, D. rotundifolia. Univariate regression tree analysis between soil water chemistry and D. rotundifolia numbers indicates that D. rotundifolia is a calcifuge, preferring moderately acidic soil pH (>5.5) and relatively low calcium levels (<2.88 ppm). This study provides evidence that high soil water calcium and low pH limit the growth of D. rotundifolia in field populations. The physiology underlying this preference, how this is affected by hybridization between other sundew species, and how this mineralogical limitation interacts with other niche-defining factors to dictate the occurrence of D. rotundifolia are questions that remain to be answered.

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