scholarly journals The effect of claying carried out in 1923 upon the thermal conditions in cultivated Sphagnum peat soil in the summer of 1959

1960 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

In the present investigation the significance of claying of cultivated Sphagnum bog was studied from the point of view of the thermal conditions in the soil after a long period. The investigation was carried out when 36 years had passed since clay had been applied to the test area. The results have shown that the claying has caused differences of about 1°C in soil temperature in summer as compared to unclayed soil.

scholarly journals The temperature of peat soil at Leteensuo

1962 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Yrjö Pessi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Remarkable Difference ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Sphagnum Bog

The soil temperature at depths of 20, 50 and 100 cm has been higher in the summertime in the cultivated fen soil at Leteensuo than in cultivated Sphagnum peat soil, while the latter again had higher temperatures than Sphagnum bog in its natural state. There is a remarkable difference in soil temperature between two bogs of different geographical location, namely, Leteensuo and Pelsonsuo. At Leteensuo, which lies in the southern part of Finland, the soil begins to warm up at a much earlier date than at Pelsonsuo and the soil temperature is higher. The effective soil temperature (referred to +5°C) at 20 cm depth is nearly twice as high as at Pelsonsuo; at a greater depth it is even three times as high.

The growth of mica polytypes as studied by conventional and high-resolution TEM

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
A. Baronnet ◽  
M. Amouric
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Long Period ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Layer Stacking ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Potential Use

The origin of mica polytypes has long been a challenging problem for crystal- lographers, mineralogists and petrologists. From the petrological point of view, interest in this field arose from the potential use of layer stacking data to furnish further informations about equilibrium and/or kinetic conditions prevailing during the crystallization of the widespread mica-bearing rocks. From the compilation of previous experimental works dealing with the occurrence domains of the various mica "polymorphs" (1Mr, 1M, 2M1, 2M2 and 3T) within water-pressure vs temperature fields, it became clear that most of these modifications should be considered as metastable for a fixed mica species. Furthermore, the natural occurrence of long-period (or complex) polytypes could not be accounted for by phase considerations. This highlighted the need of a more detailed kinetic approach of the problem and, in particular, of the role growth mechanisms of basal faces could play in this crystallographic phenomenon.

scholarly journals Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Pineapple Cultivation on a Tropical Peat Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4928
Author(s):  
Alicia Vanessa Jeffary ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Roland Kueh Jui Heng ◽  
Liza Nuriati Lim Kim Choo ◽  
Latifah Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Natural State ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Peat Soils

Farming systems on peat soils are novel, considering the complexities of these organic soil. Since peat soils effectively capture greenhouse gases in their natural state, cultivating peat soils with annual or perennial crops such as pineapples necessitates the monitoring of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, especially from cultivated peat lands, due to a lack of data on N2O emissions. An on-farm experiment was carried out to determine the movement of N2O in pineapple production on peat soil. Additionally, the experiment was carried out to determine if the peat soil temperature and the N2O emissions were related. The chamber method was used to capture the N2O fluxes daily (for dry and wet seasons) after which gas chromatography was used to determine N2O followed by expressing the emission of this gas in t ha−1 yr−1. The movement of N2O horizontally (832 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) during the dry period was higher than in the wet period (599 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) because of C and N substrate in the peat soil, in addition to the fertilizer used in fertilizing the pineapple plants. The vertical movement of N2O (44 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) was higher in the dry season relative to N2O emission (38 t N2O ha−1 yr−1) during the wet season because of nitrification and denitrification of N fertilizer. The peat soil temperature did not affect the direction (horizontal and vertical) of the N2O emission, suggesting that these factors are not related. Therefore, it can be concluded that N2O movement in peat soils under pineapple cultivation on peat lands occurs horizontally and vertically, regardless of season, and there is a need to ensure minimum tilling of the cultivated peat soils to prevent them from being an N2O source instead of an N2O sink.

Effects of processing on peat moss microflora

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvon Cormier ◽  
Anne Mériaux ◽  
Gilles Brochu
Keyword(s):  
Peat Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Sphagnum Peat Moss ◽  
Large Numbers

We studied the microflora of Quebec sphagnum peat moss samples taken from five different locations in a peat moss processing plant: soil, drying stacks, sedimented dust (walls and floor), and in bagged peat moss. Large numbers of microorganisms were found; the predominant ones were of the genus Monocillium (up to 112 × 106 colonies/g of dry peat) and the genus Penicillium (320 × 104 colonies/g dry weight). These moulds were more abundant in the processed peat moss than in the peat soil (e.g., Monocillium: soil, 138 × 103; processed peat, 112 × 106). Aspergillus spp. were absent in all five sample sites. We conclude that Quebec peat moss contains large quantities of microorganisms and that moulds become more concentrated during the processing of the peat from the soil to the final product.

History: changing the forms or forming the changes?

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVEND ERIK LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Vitruvian Man ◽  
Human Responsibility ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Change in European cultural history has, for a long period, been discussed through two interrelated notions, that of science and that of history. This paper traces the various stages of this discussion from Antiquity to the present day from the point of view of history. Two reoccurring and paradigmatic characters of mythological descent, Odysseus and Prometheus, illustrate how history as a realm for human responsibility and future planning has established itself as a specific European construct, with the 18th century as its final breakthrough in practical and ideological terms. A close analysis of Leonardo da Vinci's drawing the Vitruvian Man, in statu nascendi, shows how the individual human being carrying the obligations and the promises of this history, is envisioned. The final remarks underline the importance of scientific knowledge in the concrete shaping of this responsibility and a plea for an increased cooperation across the disciplines.

THE EFFECT OF CROPPING ON SOME CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A SPHAGNUM PEAT SOIL

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Townsend ◽  
D. C. MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Chemical analysis, including a conventional scheme of proximate analysis as well as pre-treatment with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, were used to assess changes occurring in the chemical properties of a strongly acid sphagnum peat when it was limed, fertilized and cropped for 3- and 5-year periods. Pre-treatment was necessary to remove the large quantities of added fertilizer and limestone which were found to neutralize substantial amounts of the hydrochloric acid required for the hydrolysis of hemicellulose.In comparison with raw peat the percentages of hemicellulose and cellulose and the carbon-nitrogen ratio decreased in the cropped peat. The situation was reversed in the case of bitumen, the lignin-humic substances complex and cation-exchange capacity. The results indicated further that with cropping the composition of the peat tended towards the composition of an adjacent muck.

Political Determinants of Privatisation Reforms: A Comparative Analysis in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-227
Author(s):  
Noemí Peña-Miguel ◽  
Beatriz Cuadrado-Ballesteros
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Veto Players ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Political Determinants ◽  
Practical Implications

This article analyses the effect of political factors on privatisation reforms and considers the practical implications of such policy from a comparative point of view in Europe. According to a sample of 25 countries in 1995–2013, our findings suggest that privatisation reforms could be impeded by veto players, fragmentised governments and political competition. These reforms tend to be used less by politicians who have been in power for a long period of time and implemented at the start of an office term, except in the case of right-wing governments. Our findings support greater privatisation in concentrated conservative governments, especially when the next elections are about to be held.

scholarly journals IX. On the application of harmonic analysis to the dynamical theory of the tides. — Part I. On laplace’s "oscillations of the first species” and the dynamics of ocean currents

1897 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 201-257 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Harmonic Analysis ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ocean Currents ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Dynamical Treatment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hydrodynamical Theory

The earliest attempt to subject the Theory of the Tides to a rigorous dynamical treatment was given by Laplace in the first and fourth books of the ‘Mécanique Céleste.’ The subject has since been treated by Airy, Kelvin, Darwin, Lamb, and other writers, but with the exception of the extension of Laplace’s results to include the theory of the long-period tides, but little practical advance has been made with the subject, in spite of the enormous increase in the power of the mathematical resources at our disposal, and the problem has remained in very much the same condition as it was left by Laplace. This arises no doubt partly from the difficulties inherent to the subject, but partly from the form in which the theory was originally presented by Laplace in the ‘Mécanique Céleste,’ which has been described by Airy as “perhaps on the whole more obscure than any other part of the same extent in that work.” The obscurity complained of does not however seem to have been entirely removed by Laplace’s successors, and it was the fact that every presentment of the theory with which I was acquainted offered some points of difficulty, that in the first instance led me to take up the problem ab initio , partly with the purpose of allaying the doubts which had arisen in my own mind as to the validity of certain approximations employed by Laplace and adopted by his successors, and partly in the hope that I might be able to extend the results of Laplace to meet more fully the case presented by the circumstances actually existent in Nature. Up to the present I have been unable to free the problem to any extent from the limitations which have been imposed by previous writers, and consequently it would be futile to claim that the results I am now able to put forward materially advance our knowledge of the tides as they actually exist; but I venture to hope that these results, as applied to the oscillations of an ideal ocean, considerably simpler in character than the actual ocean, may prove of some interest from the point of view of pure hydrodynamical theory.

In the Shadow of history: the emergence of archaeology

1999 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 353-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chryssoula Saatsoglou-Paliadeli
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Direct Knowledge ◽  
A Site

This article reconsiders from a methodological point of view some of the ways in which the ancient Macedonians and their culture have been assessed by recent historians. It is inspired by Professor E. N. Borza's book on this issue, where archaeological material is widely used in ways which do not always accord with the data or their interpretation. It has to be noted that the article is focused only on the evidence deriving from Vergina, a site of which the author has a direct knowledge, due to participation in its archaeological research over a long period.

scholarly journals Light Curve Analysis of Long Period Pulsating Stars with the Wavelet Method: The semiregular star V Boo

1995 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 417-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Szatmáry ◽  
J. Gál ◽  
L. L. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Strong Fluctuation ◽  
Light Curve Analysis ◽  
Pulsating Stars ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Data Banks

AbstractWe have collected long data series of some SR and Mira stars from data banks. In many cases the light curves show strong fluctuation or variation in the period, phase and amplitude. The detection of the significant changes of these parameters is important from the point of view of pulsation theory and stellar evolution. We present here the analysis of V Boo. The used method is the Fourier and wavelet analysis in order to point out the modulations in the frequency and amplitude.

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