scholarly journals The regulation of fertility in pre-industrial populations: a local study from eighteenth century Finland

1996 ◽  
pp. 284-294
Author(s):  
Beatrice Moring
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Local Study ◽  
Family Head ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Limit Family Size

The crude birth rate in Finland in the eighteenth century was more than 40 per thousand. At the same time there was considerable regional diversity. This study of a coastal population in southwestern Finland reveals that the fertility was well below that of the country as a whole and as low or even lower that that recorded for neighboring countries. A more detailed study of families in Houtskiir indicates that the pattern of fertility varied according to the socioeconomic standing of the family head. Differences in age at first marriage were a critical determinant of these variations but other important factors were birth spacing and the timing  of the last birth. A conscious attempt was made to limit family size.

Age at first marriage and fertility in rural Anhui, China

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanhe Yang
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Family Planning Programme ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Future Population

SummaryThis paper examines the changing nuptiality pattern of rural China, particularly rural Anhui in relation to the planned social changes since 1949 and their effect on fertility. The data are from the 1/1000 Fertility Survey of China, conducted by the Family Planning Commission in 1982. Before the family planning programme was introduced to rural Anhui (1972), the changing nuptiality pattern was indirectly affected by the planned social changes; after 1972, the substantial increase in age at first marriage was mainly due to the family planning programme. More recently, the centrally controlled social structure is loosening, due to the economic reform and the nuptiality pattern seems to join the 1972 trend, suggesting that the dramatic change of nuptiality pattern during the early 1970s to early 1980s was a temporary one. But its effect on fertility is clear, and the shortening interval between marriage and first birth may bring difficulties for future population control in rural China.

scholarly journals Determinants of unintended pregnancy among women in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Ramesh Adhikari ◽  
Kusol Soonthorndhada ◽  
Pramote Prasartkul
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
High Level

Aim: This study aims to determine the factors influencing unintended pregnancy among married women in Nepal Methods: This paper reports on data drawn from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), 2001 which is a nationally representative sample survey. The analysis is restricted to the currently pregnant women at the time of survey. Logistic regression was used to assess the net effect of several independent variables on unintended pregnancy. The factors leading to unintended pregnancy were also predicted by using some significant variables in the model. Results: More than two-fifth of the respondents (41%) reported that their current pregnancies were unintended. The results indicate that age, age at first marriage, religion, exposure to radio and knowledge of family planning (FP) methods were key predictors of unintended pregnancy. Experience of unintended pregnancy augments along with the women’s age. Similarly, increase in age at first marriage reduces the likelihood of unintended pregnancy among women. Those who were exposed to radio were less likely (odds ratio, 0.65) to have unintended pregnancy compared to those who were not. Those women who had higher level of knowledge about FP methods were 40% less likely to experience unintended pregnancy compared to those having lower level of knowledge. Conclusion: One of the important factor contributing to high level of maternal and infant mortality is unintended pregnancy. Programs should intend to reduce unintended pregnancy by focusing on all these identified issues so that infant and maternal morbidity and mortality as well as abortion will be decreased and the overall health of the family could be improved. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v3i2.10828   Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol.3(2) 2008; 26-34

The age of Roman Girls at Marriage: Some Reconsiderations

1987 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 28-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent D. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Roman Society ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Types

The age at which girls tend to marry is one of the most important factors in determining the overall rates of fertility in a given population, and hence its general demographic profile. It also affects a whole range of social institutions of reproduction, above all the ‘shape’ of the family, the relationships between the mother and her children, between husband and wife, and the ways in which property can be redistributed through inheritance. It is the simple and restricted purpose of this paper to re-examine the data that have hitherto been used to determine the age at marriage of girls in Roman society. For the purposes of this study, ‘Roman society’ is defined as the conglomerate of urban-centred communities that developed in Europe west of the Adriatic, as well as in the lands of the Danubian Basin. It is conceded that family types and modes of family formation in the eastern parts of the empire were different from those in the west, and therefore require separate analysis. In performing this task, the analysis presented here also attempts to demonstrate the highly specific nature of the set of data employed in the ‘age-at-marriage’ debate, and to question its relevance to the age at first marriage of most girls in the western Roman empire. Having demonstrated the limited validity of these data, I shall then suggest another method that might usefully be employed to approach the problem. Finally, to complete the argument, a series of hypotheses will be advanced that seek to link the range and modes of age at first marriage of girls of various status groups and classes to other social and economic factors in the Roman world.

Inferring Fertility from Relative Mortality in Historically Controlled Cemetery Remains from Barbados

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Corruccini ◽  
Elizabeth M. Brandon ◽  
Jerome S. Handler
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Stable Model ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Relative Mortality ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Relative Fertility

Fertility (crude birth rate) was estimated from skeletal and corresponding historical relative mortality ratios for a seventeenth- to eighteenth-century Barbados slave population. The estimates varied widely among themselves according to which data source and mortality ratio was used; they also varied from the actual historical fertility rate. In addition, we have raised logical objections to the use of stable model life tables for inferring nonstable vital rates in archaeological populations. These points are problematic for the broad use of relative mortality to infer relative fertility.

scholarly journals Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi fertilitas di Kampung Keluarga Berencana (KB) di Kecamatan Muara Bulian Kabupaten Batanghari

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Novi Prayanti ◽  
Zulfanetti Zulfanetti ◽  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Ira Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Analyze Data

The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of the Family Planning Village in Muara Bulian District, Batanghari Regency, to determine the characteristics of EFA in the Family Planning Village in Muara Bulian District, Batanghari Regency, to analyze the influence of the level of age at first marriage, family income, education, employment status. in Muara Bulian District, Batanghari Regency. The analytical tool used descriptive analysis to analyze data by describing or describing the data and multiple regression analysis. The results of the analysis of this study are that the results of the research that have been carried out on the factors that influence fertility in the Family Planning Village of Batanghari Regency, it is found that the Age of First Marriage, women who have a fertility opportunity of more than 2 have an essential effect in increasing the birth rate. Income, women with a fertility opportunity of more than 2 have an important influence in improving fertility. Junior high school education, in this study, women who have low education do not affect the opportunity to increase fertility. SLTA + education, in this study, women who have higher education do not affect increasing fertility. Employment status, in this study, women who work do not affect increasing fertility.  

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI FERTILITAS DI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Suci Fitri H ◽  
Idris Idris ◽  
Ariusni Ariusni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Sumatra

The high fertility caused by people not running a government program that the family planning program (KB). This study aims to identify factors that affect fertility. See the phenomenon generally occurs, the problem can be formulated in this research is how the influence of neighborhood income level, maternal education, age at first marriage, and the use of family planning in West Sumatra. This study uses data Susenas 2013.Populasi research is the mother who gave birth to a child living in West Sumatra. Samples are taken 5528orang.Sampel spread in 19 regencies / cities in West Sumatra province both in urban areas and in pedesaan.Uji hypothesis is G test and the Wald test with 5% significance level. Based on research conducted seen that jointly RT level of income, maternal education, age at first marriage, and the use of family planning significant effect on fertility in West Sumatra.Keywords: fertility, income, materal education, age of first mating, kb

scholarly journals Chance Encounters? Paths to Household Formation in Early Modern England

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven King
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Family Reconstitution ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century ◽  
Urban Demography ◽  
Aggregate Population

Since 1981, nuptiality has been identified as the main driver of rapid eighteenth-century English population growth. Over the course of the long eighteenth century, “national” rates of female non-marriage declined while female age at first marriage fell by roughly three years, reaching 22–23 years by the 1820s. The cumulative impact of more and earlier marriage on fertility is believed to have greatly outweighed the effect of falling mortality in generating aggregate population growth. Such a perspective has not gone unchallenged. There have been persistent calls for the re-examination of the place of urban demography within this framework. Concern has also been voiced over the sources which underpin the family reconstitutions on which calculations of marriage ages are based, the technique of family reconstitution itself, and over the representativeness of the marriage samples which family reconstitution yields. However, the most recent work of the Cambridge Group, based upon twenty-six family reconstitutions, appears to confirm the centrality of marriage ages to the English demographic system. Percentile distributions of marriage ages suggest that over the course of the eighteenth century there was an important decline in the proportion of marriages undertaken by women in their late twenties and thirties, more than balanced by the development of an early marrying group in their late teens.

Land Availability and Fertility in the United States, 1760–1870

1982 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton Owen Schapiro
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Crude Birth Rate ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Land Availability ◽  
Demand For Children ◽  
Over Time

The decline in U.S. fertility rates, beginning in the latter part of the eighteenth century, is examined within a general model of fertility determination. The ability of land availability measures to explain the variation in components of the crude birth rate is tested using a pooled regression technique. A set of crude birth rate predictions for rural areas of 23 northern states during the period 1760–1870 is produced and compared with other estimates. It is concluded that the availability of land was a critical factor in determining the demand for children and, ultimately, the fertility rate, across states and over time.

scholarly journals Measuring the Influence of Social Mutations on the Precariousness of Women’s Marriage, the “Dismarriage”: Case of Niger Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Zourkaleini Younoussi ◽  
Yacoubou Alou
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Consensual Union ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family

The South societies, under the influence of their Northern counterparts, have undergone profound familial changes; these transformations are translated in a reduction of the number of marriages and in making wedlock unions fragile along with the consequences that this entails on children. Drawing on the data from four Demographic and Health surveys (DHS) (1992, 1998, 2006, and 2012) which Niger has so far conducted, this study aims at verifying whether the influence of social transformations on the family in Niger can be captured through an examination of the increase in median age at the first marriage, in the proportion of single women (and definitive celibacy), in polygamous marriages, in couples living in consensual union (not in wedlock), in the proportion of children living with their single mother, and in that of the divorced/separated women. Our results show that though urbanization and education influence marriage, women’s “dismarriage” is yet to be a topical issue. Thus, we notice an intensification of marriages which comes, however, with a slight increase in the age at first marriage.

Crossover in the Median Age at First Marriage and First Birth: Thirty-Five Years of Change

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey J. Eickmeyer ◽  
Krista K. Payne ◽  
Susan L. Brown ◽  
Wendy D. Manning
Keyword(s):  
First Birth ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage
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