scholarly journals «Vet du hvorfor Gud skapte Adam før Eva?»1: Vi Menns vitser om religion, kjønn og sex

Ingen spøk ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 97-119
Author(s):  
Ann Kristin Gresaker
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Sexual Objectification ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Men's Magazine ◽  
Objectification Of Women ◽  
And Gender

This chapter explores change and continuity in the jokes on religion, gender and sex published in the comics’ section of the men’s magazine Vi Menn (in English, Us Men) from the 1980s through 2016. The study asks: What characterizes Vi Menn’s humor on religion, gender and sex during this period? Which religions are covered, and how are they portrayed? How are categories such as gender, sexuality and ethnicity expressed in the jokes? The analysis shows that ideas about gender differences are an important component of the jokes, and furthermore, that the jokes are based on stereotypical conceptions of gender and religion. Such stereotypes include the idea that men are inherently preoccupied with sex and the sexual objectification of women, and the idea that religion and sex are contradictory. Rather than challenging stereotypical ideas of religious groups and gender, Vi Menn’s jokes reinforce conventional gender roles and construct boundaries between «us» and «them», marked by religion, gender, sexuality and ethnicity.

Gender and Gender Role Expectations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Willoughby ◽  
Spencer L. James
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Gender Role Expectations ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Role Balance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Neutrality

This chapter provides an overview of emerging adults’ views on gender and gender roles. The authors describe their findings regarding who emerging adults believe benefits more from marriage, men or women. Little consensus seemed to exist regarding how emerging adults viewed the connection between gender and marriage; the authors propose that this is a reflection of our current culture, which continues to move toward gender neutrality and the dismissal of gender differences. The authors also explore how emerging adults believe gender roles will play out in their own marriages. A specific paradox whereby emerging adults aspire to an egalitarian role balance yet tend to end up in traditional gender roles is discussed.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ANXIETY AMONG UNDERGRADUATES FROM TEN ARAB COUNTRIES

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Khalek Ahmed M. ◽  
Bader M. Alansari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Sex Typing ◽  
Kuwait University ◽  
And Gender

This study investigated gender differences in anxiety among volunteer undergraduates recruited from 10 Arab countries; Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Emirates, Oman, Egypt, Syria,Lebanon, Palestine (Nablus and Gaza), Jordan and Iraq (N = 3,064). The Kuwait University Anxiety Scale (KUAS) was used in its Arabic form. It was found that females had higher mean anxiety scores than did their male counterparts in all 10 countries. However, significant differences were found in 7 out of the 10 countries. The salient gender differences were interpreted in the light of a socialization process; especially sex-typing and gender roles.

“The War Took Us Backwards”

Hawwa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 266-308
Author(s):  
Sophia Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Family Separation ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Arab Spring

AbstractIf political activities (demonstration, revolution, war) can be understood as forms of ritual performance in which temporary social hegemonic inversions typically are followed by competing efforts to restore structure or define a new structure, then under what conditions would they offer potential for changes in family dynamics and gender roles? The past few years in Yemen have witnessed extraordinary political and socioeconomic turbulence, from the 2011 Arab Spring revolution to the 2015 brutal war. Yemeni families have been significantly impacted in myriad ways, including displacement, family separation, poverty, violence, unemployment, sectarian strife, disruption of education, and mental illness. Men and women have demonstrated a high level of public activism during the Arab Spring and the war, further altering family dynamics and the gendered social tapestry, in a highly patriarchal country. Social “disorder,” including modification of gender roles, is often challenged by those desiring to restore “order,” the “traditional” family structure, and patriarchy. This study analyzes gendered dimensions of the “Yemen Spring” and the subsequent war, with a particular focus on the link between gendered family dynamics and the sociopolitical landscape, also considering the role religion and religious groups play.

scholarly journals ‘Lasses are much easier to get on with’: The gendered labour of a female ethnographer in an all-male group

2021 ◽  
pp. 146879412098408
Author(s):  
Kate Haddow
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Male Group ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Access To The Field ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
The Town

This article addresses the complexities of being a female ethnographer studying an all-male group, as well as the advantages and the effects this had on the researcher. It draws on research undertaken for a doctoral research project, employing ethnography and semi-structured interviews to explore ‘hidden’ food insecurity in the town of Middlesbrough, with predominantly male participants. The existing literature surrounding research and gender addresses the problems associated with gender differences in the field such as fitting in, sexualisation and sexist treatment and confinement to traditional gender roles. This research highlighted many problems associated with being a female ethnographer but that ultimately gender was beneficial in gaining and maintaining access to the field. It concludes by arguing for academia to develop the notion of ‘hidden ethnography’, alongside a recognition that researchers should be supported emotionally in problems they face in the field.

scholarly journals Body-representation and sexual identity projections: A survey of advertising in print media

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 4 (Issue 3) ◽  
pp. 01-18
Author(s):  
Dr. Haseeb Ur Rehman Warrich ◽  
Dr. Ayesha Qamar ◽  
Zil e Huma
Keyword(s):  
Body Representation ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Sexual Objectification ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Objectification Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Matrimonial Advertisements

Matrimonial advertisements provide an unobtrusive site where the image, construction and perpetuation of normative heterosexuality are observed through socio-cultural discourses. The current study focuses on self-representation and gender role expectations in 550 classified matrimonial ads from two popular newspapers (The Daily Dawn, The Daily Jang) in Pakistan. Gender differences in desirable physical attributes, occupational preferences and personality traits are examined. The results revealed that gender polarization in ideal spousal occupations, and the relative variability in gender identities of women as compared to men. A strong preference for pretty and slim women is observed. Implications for the sexual objectification of women and changing gender roles in changing socioeconomic landscape of Pakistan is due to the impact of globalization.

scholarly journals Connect vs conquer? CEO gender and implicit motives

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Brueckner ◽  
Janine Bosak ◽  
Jonas W.B. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Implicit Motives ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Role Congruity ◽  
Power Motivation ◽  
Female Ceos ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Affiliation Motivation

PurposeThis study examined gender differences in CEOs' expression of implicit achievement, power and affiliation motivation. Building on the role congruity account of sex differences and similarities in motivation and existing literature on implicit motives, the study tested whether female CEOs would express higher affiliation motivation than male CEOs and similar levels of achievement motivation. In addition, gender differences in power motivation were explored.Design/methodology/approachThe study used propensity score matching to generate a comparable sample of male and female CEOs from publicly traded companies. Subsequently, the authors content-coded CEO letters from annual reports using Winter's (1994) manual for scoring motive imagery in running text.FindingsOverall, CEOs expressed more achievement and power motivation than affiliation motivation. Comparisons between male and female CEOs showed that female CEOs expressed lower power and higher affiliation motivation than male CEOs.Research limitations/implicationsBy integrating implicit motive theory with social role theory and the role congruity account of motivation, this study provides a theoretical framework and novel demonstration that understanding social roles and gender roles can lend insights into motive expression by CEOs.Originality/valueThe study uses established theory and a validated scoring method in a novel way by analyzing implicit motives from CEO letters, a critical communication channel in the CEO–shareholder relationship. In doing so, this study adopts a sociocultural perspective. Informed by the role congruity account of motivation, the study demonstrates the importance of social roles and gender roles for motivational displays.

Family Values, Religiosity, and Gender

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Jensen ◽  
Janet Jensen
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Female Role ◽  
Religious Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Traditional Female Role

This study investigated differences between men and women on perceptions of materialism, the importance of the family, and the traditional female role. It was hypothesized that highly religious women and men would respond in a similar manner with a lower value placed on materialism and higher values on importance to the family and traditional female roles. A questionnaire was administered to over 4,000 Protestant, Catholic, and LDS college students. Highly religious groups from each denomination endorsed less materialistic views and supported a more traditional female role; gender differences were greater in the group low on religiosity on the value of the family.

scholarly journals Look at her: Analysing the depiction of women on the covers of women's magazines from 1975-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sophie Beaumont
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Women's Magazines ◽  
Sexual Objectification ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Objectification Of Women

<p>Women’s magazines have a role in constructing and defining what it means to be a woman. Deciphering messages in mediums specifically designed for women is therefore key to understanding what women may be learning about femininity. This thesis examines the depiction of women in women’s magazines, focussing on sexualisation and the portrayal of traditional gender roles. Traditional gender stereotypes and the sexual objectification of women are key mechanisms contributing to the subordinate position of women in society. This thesis argues that alongside their contributions to gender inequality, such depictions can also reinforce ideas that sustain rape culture with the latter referring to a climate where sexual violence is normalised and trivialised. By conducting a longitudinal content analysis (1975 –2015) of cover pages from New Zealand women’s magazines, this thesis investigates whether there are any changes in the level of sexualisation and depiction of traditional gender roles across prominent women’s magazines. The findings of this thesis indicate that overall there is a low level of sexualisation present in cover page images from women’s magazines, and significant differences exist both between publications as well as across the four decades of analysis. The depiction of traditional gender roles is consistent across the time period studied, and when such gender stereotypes are present they remove agency from women reducing them to ‘decorative’ objects within images. Messages suggesting women should be sexualised and decorative may reinforce ideas central to gender inequality, rape culture, and sexual violence against women. The implications of this thesis suggest that women’s magazines may not be a safe space for readers to celebrate their gender – rather, such publications may influence ideas that facilitate gender inequality.</p>

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