Between Two Worlds: Source-Country Gender Roles and Gender Differences in Educational Attainment among Immigrant Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Abada ◽  
Kristyn Frank ◽  
Feng Hou
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Source Country ◽  
And Gender

Gender and Gender Role Expectations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Willoughby ◽  
Spencer L. James
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Gender Role Expectations ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Role Balance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Neutrality

This chapter provides an overview of emerging adults’ views on gender and gender roles. The authors describe their findings regarding who emerging adults believe benefits more from marriage, men or women. Little consensus seemed to exist regarding how emerging adults viewed the connection between gender and marriage; the authors propose that this is a reflection of our current culture, which continues to move toward gender neutrality and the dismissal of gender differences. The authors also explore how emerging adults believe gender roles will play out in their own marriages. A specific paradox whereby emerging adults aspire to an egalitarian role balance yet tend to end up in traditional gender roles is discussed.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ANXIETY AMONG UNDERGRADUATES FROM TEN ARAB COUNTRIES

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Khalek Ahmed M. ◽  
Bader M. Alansari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Sex Typing ◽  
Kuwait University ◽  
And Gender

This study investigated gender differences in anxiety among volunteer undergraduates recruited from 10 Arab countries; Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Emirates, Oman, Egypt, Syria,Lebanon, Palestine (Nablus and Gaza), Jordan and Iraq (N = 3,064). The Kuwait University Anxiety Scale (KUAS) was used in its Arabic form. It was found that females had higher mean anxiety scores than did their male counterparts in all 10 countries. However, significant differences were found in 7 out of the 10 countries. The salient gender differences were interpreted in the light of a socialization process; especially sex-typing and gender roles.

scholarly journals ‘Lasses are much easier to get on with’: The gendered labour of a female ethnographer in an all-male group

2021 ◽  
pp. 146879412098408
Author(s):  
Kate Haddow
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Male Group ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Access To The Field ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
The Town

This article addresses the complexities of being a female ethnographer studying an all-male group, as well as the advantages and the effects this had on the researcher. It draws on research undertaken for a doctoral research project, employing ethnography and semi-structured interviews to explore ‘hidden’ food insecurity in the town of Middlesbrough, with predominantly male participants. The existing literature surrounding research and gender addresses the problems associated with gender differences in the field such as fitting in, sexualisation and sexist treatment and confinement to traditional gender roles. This research highlighted many problems associated with being a female ethnographer but that ultimately gender was beneficial in gaining and maintaining access to the field. It concludes by arguing for academia to develop the notion of ‘hidden ethnography’, alongside a recognition that researchers should be supported emotionally in problems they face in the field.

scholarly journals Connect vs conquer? CEO gender and implicit motives

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Brueckner ◽  
Janine Bosak ◽  
Jonas W.B. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Implicit Motives ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Role Congruity ◽  
Power Motivation ◽  
Female Ceos ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Affiliation Motivation

PurposeThis study examined gender differences in CEOs' expression of implicit achievement, power and affiliation motivation. Building on the role congruity account of sex differences and similarities in motivation and existing literature on implicit motives, the study tested whether female CEOs would express higher affiliation motivation than male CEOs and similar levels of achievement motivation. In addition, gender differences in power motivation were explored.Design/methodology/approachThe study used propensity score matching to generate a comparable sample of male and female CEOs from publicly traded companies. Subsequently, the authors content-coded CEO letters from annual reports using Winter's (1994) manual for scoring motive imagery in running text.FindingsOverall, CEOs expressed more achievement and power motivation than affiliation motivation. Comparisons between male and female CEOs showed that female CEOs expressed lower power and higher affiliation motivation than male CEOs.Research limitations/implicationsBy integrating implicit motive theory with social role theory and the role congruity account of motivation, this study provides a theoretical framework and novel demonstration that understanding social roles and gender roles can lend insights into motive expression by CEOs.Originality/valueThe study uses established theory and a validated scoring method in a novel way by analyzing implicit motives from CEO letters, a critical communication channel in the CEO–shareholder relationship. In doing so, this study adopts a sociocultural perspective. Informed by the role congruity account of motivation, the study demonstrates the importance of social roles and gender roles for motivational displays.

scholarly journals «Vet du hvorfor Gud skapte Adam før Eva?»1: Vi Menns vitser om religion, kjønn og sex

Ingen spøk ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 97-119
Author(s):  
Ann Kristin Gresaker
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Sexual Objectification ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Men's Magazine ◽  
Objectification Of Women ◽  
And Gender

This chapter explores change and continuity in the jokes on religion, gender and sex published in the comics’ section of the men’s magazine Vi Menn (in English, Us Men) from the 1980s through 2016. The study asks: What characterizes Vi Menn’s humor on religion, gender and sex during this period? Which religions are covered, and how are they portrayed? How are categories such as gender, sexuality and ethnicity expressed in the jokes? The analysis shows that ideas about gender differences are an important component of the jokes, and furthermore, that the jokes are based on stereotypical conceptions of gender and religion. Such stereotypes include the idea that men are inherently preoccupied with sex and the sexual objectification of women, and the idea that religion and sex are contradictory. Rather than challenging stereotypical ideas of religious groups and gender, Vi Menn’s jokes reinforce conventional gender roles and construct boundaries between «us» and «them», marked by religion, gender, sexuality and ethnicity.

Media Discrimination and Gender Differences in Political Ambition in a Laboratory Experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 106591292110468
Author(s):  
Amanda Haraldsson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Political Ambition ◽  
Lab Experiment ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Political News ◽  
And Gender

Very little research has considered how media discrimination could impact men and women’s political ambition. Yet, media discrimination could impact both beliefs about gender roles and political competence, and beliefs about voter bias, both of which could decrease women’s political ambition and increase men’s. Alternatively, media discrimination could lead women to react against discrimination and be motivated politically. This study tests how political ambition of men and women is impacted by media discrimination in a campaign and election lab experiment. Media discrimination in this experiment under-reports on women and uses traditional, stereotypical depictions of men and women. The results suggest that in certain conditions, media discrimination in political news may lead to a reactance or positive challenge effect for women, increasing their political ambition. Men, instead, may feel an aversion to entering politics, lowering their political ambition.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN DEPRESSION AMONG UNDERGRADUATES FROM SEVENTEEN ISLAMIC COUNTRIES

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bader M. Alansari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
English Version ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Sex Typing ◽  
Islamic Countries ◽  
And Gender

This study investigated gender differences in depression among volunteer undergraduates (N = 8,538) recruited from 17 Islamic countries. The Beck Depression Inventory II (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996), was used in its Arabic form for all groups except the Pakistan group, which used the English version. Results indicated that there are significant gender differences in 9 of the Islamic countries in which females tended to be higher in depression namely, Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Pakistan, Algeria, Oman, Qatar, Morocco, and Kuwait. However, males scored significantly higher than females in Saudi Arabia, while there are no significant gender differences in depression in Lebanon, Tunisia, Palestine, U.A. Emirates, Yemen, Jordan, and Sudan. The salient gender differences were interpreted in the light of a socialization process; especially sex-typing and gender roles.

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