scholarly journals Inter-Annual, Stock-Specific Distribution and Migration of Juvenile Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from 1997–2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Erika Anderson ◽  
Jackie King ◽  
Chrys Neville ◽  
Strahan Tucker ◽  
Terry Beacham
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
And Migration

Limited behavioural thermoregulation by adult upriver-migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in the Lower Fraser River, British Columbia

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 480-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Donaldson ◽  
S. J. Cooke ◽  
D. A. Patterson ◽  
S. G. Hinch ◽  
D. Robichaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Migration Route ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
And Migration

The objective of this study was to combine radio telemetry with individual thermal loggers to assess the extent to which adult migrating sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792)) behaviourally thermoregulate during their migration through the Fraser River mainstem, British Columbia. The Fraser mainstem represents a region of the migration route that contains some of the highest mean temperatures encountered by sockeye salmon during their life history. We found that throughout the study area, individual sockeye salmon body temperatures occasionally deviated from ambient temperatures (ΔT), yet individuals maintained a ΔT of –1 °C or cooler for only 5% of their migration through the study region. There were moderate mean deviations of ΔT in two segments that are known to contain thermally stratified waters. In one of the study segments with the greatest ΔT, mean body temperatures decreased as river temperatures increased and ΔT became increasingly positive with higher river discharge rates, but these relationships were not observed in any of the other study segments. No relationship existed between ΔT and migration rate. While periodic associations with cool water were evident, mean body temperatures were not significantly different than mean river temperatures throughout the lower Fraser mainstem. This finding raises further conservation concerns for vulnerable Fraser River sockeye stocks that are predicted to encounter increasing peak summer river temperatures in the coming decades.

On the developmental pathway to nonanadromy in sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. Foote ◽  
Ian Mayer ◽  
Chris C. Wood ◽  
W. Craig Clarke ◽  
J. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Recent Gene Flow ◽  
And Migration

The evolution of nonanadromous forms of salmonids has been linked to adaptive similarities between migration to the sea and migration to lakes, and to inhibition of smoltification by rapid development rates and early maturation. We examined the seasonal cycle of seawater adaptability in a landlocked (10 000 years) population of kokanee, Oncorhynchus nerka, to determine if the typical anadromous cycle persists in the absence of recent gene flow from sockeye salmon, as would be expected if components of smoltification are beneficial to a lacustrine existence. We also monitored the effects of maturation on seawater adaptability, to determine if they had an inhibitory effect on smoltification, as would be expected if a developmental conflict was responsible for the evolution of nonanadromous forms. Maturation was measured through the growth of gonadal tissue and the increase in circulating testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone. Landlocked kokanee showed the seawater adaptability cycle typical of sockeye salmon, and maturation had no inhibitory effect on seawater adaptability until near, or at, full maturity. We conclude that at least some components of smoltification must be beneficial to a life in lakes to account for the continued maintenance of the cycle. Further, rapid development and maturation on their own do not appear to account for the evolution of nonanadromous populations of O. nerka.

scholarly journals Migration and survival of Okanagan River Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, 2012–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Murauskas ◽  
Kim Hyatt ◽  
Jeff Fryer ◽  
Elliot Koontz ◽  
Skyeler Folks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Columbia River ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Upstream Migration ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
To Come ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Background Okanagan River Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka (Okanagan Sockeye) are one of two remaining self-sustaining Sockeye Salmon populations in the Columbia River Basin. We used detection histories of smolts implanted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags between 2012 and 2019 to estimate survival and behavioral metrics during reintroduction efforts and changing environmental conditions over the monitoring period. Results Smolts migrating to McNary Dam, whose route includes 130 km of the Okanagan River and 388 km of the Columbia River, generally had high survival (mean of 87.0% per 100 km) and fast migration speeds (up to 50 km/day) relative to other salmonids in the region. Smolt-to-adult returns (SARs) ranged from 0.4 to 6.1% and were greater for fish originating from Skaha Lake compared to cohorts tagged in Osoyoos Lake. Most adults returned after 2 years in the ocean (69%), followed by jacks (27%), and adults that spent 3 years at sea (4%), though Skaha Lake adults had a significantly younger age structure than cohorts from Osoyoos Lake. Survival of adults from Bonneville Dam (rkm 235) upstream to Wells Dam (rkm 830) was generally high (80–92%), and migration speed decreased in upstream reaches. Survival from Wells Dam to the Okanagan River was only estimable in 2018, where 64% of adults survived to the spawning grounds. The upstream migration of adult Okanagan Sockeye was significantly compromised during the drought of 2015 when less than 5% of Okanagan Sockeye that returned to the Columbia River reached spawning grounds. Conclusions Our results indicate that Okanagan Sockeye have exceptional survival and migratory ability relative to other salmonids, though poor ocean conditions combined with warming water temperatures in freshwater habitats in recent years have the potential to devastate the population. The success of reintroduction efforts to increase spatial structure and diversity of Okanagan Sockeye is, therefore, critical to maintaining the population in years to come.

Swim speeds and energy use of upriver-migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): role of local environment and fish characteristics

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1821-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott G Hinch ◽  
Peter S Rand
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Unit Distance ◽  
River Temperature ◽  
Gravel Bar ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Costs

We used electromyogram (EMG) radiotelemetry to assess swimming activity (e.g., swim speeds), behaviour, and migration speeds (e.g., ground speeds) of individual adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) migrating through several reaches of the Fraser and Nechako rivers in British Columbia. Using a laboratory swim flume and volitionally swimming adult fish carrying EMG transmitters, we developed relationships between EMG pulse intervals and swim speeds. A bioenergetics model was used to estimate reach-specific energy use per metre for each individual based on the average swim speed, migration time, body size, and river temperature. Migration was most energetically efficient (i.e., migration costs per unit distance traveled were relatively low) for females compared with males, large males compared with small males, and 1995 males compared with 1993 males. In all three cases, differences in swim speed patterns were primarily responsible for differences in energy use. For both sexes and in both years, migrations through reaches that contained a constriction (caused by an island, gravel bar, or large rock outcropping) were energetically inefficient compared with that through reaches with no constrictions. The high energetic costs at constrictions seem to result from long travel times probably caused by turbulent flow patterns that may generate confusing migrational cues.

Resumption of anadromy or straying? Origins of Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka in the Elwha River

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
George R. Pess ◽  
Ben J.G. Sutherland ◽  
Samuel J. Brenkman ◽  
Ruth E. Withler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Elwha River

Alternative Recruitment Models of Adams River Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1551-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. Collie ◽  
Carl J. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Ricker Model ◽  
The Status ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
High Yields

Despite evidence of depensatory interactions among year-classes of Adams River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), the best management policy is one of equal escapement for all year-classes. We fit alternative models (Ricker model and Larkin model) to 32 yr of stock–recruitment data and checked, using simulation tests, that the significant interaction terms in the Larkin model are not caused by biases in estimating the parameters. We identified a parameter set (Rationalizer model) for which the status quo cyclic escapement policy is optimal, but this set fits the observed data very poorly. Thus it is quite unlikely that the Rationalizer model is correct or that the status quo escapement policy is optimal. Using the fitted stock–recruitment parameters, we simulated the sockeye population under several management policies. The escapement policy optimal under the Ricker model is best overall because of the high yields if it should be correct. If the three stock–recruitment models are equally likely to be correct, the simulations predict that adopting a constant-escapement policy would increase long-term yield 30% over the current policy and that an additional 15% increase in yield could be obtained if the policy were actively adaptive.

Reduced growth in wild juvenile sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka infected with sea lice

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Godwin ◽  
L. M. Dill ◽  
M. Krkošek ◽  
M. H. H. Price ◽  
J. D. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Sea Lice

Validation of daily increments and a marine-entry check in the otoliths of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka post-smolts

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Freshwater ◽  
M. Trudel ◽  
T. D. Beacham ◽  
C.-E. Neville ◽  
S. Tucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Daily Increments
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