Flexural Properties and Polished Surface Characteristics of a Structural Colored Resin Composite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Mizutani ◽  
R Ishii ◽  
T Takamizawa ◽  
S Shibasaki ◽  
H Kurokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Diamond Bur ◽  
Flexible Disk

SUMMARY Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the flexural properties and surface characteristics of a structural colored resin composite after different finishing and polishing methods, in comparison to those of conventional resin composites. Methods and Materials: A structural color resin composite, Omnichroma (OM, Tokuyama Corp, Chiyoda City, Tokyo, Japan), and two comparison resin composites, Filtek Supreme Ultra (FS, 3M, St Paul, MN, USA) and Tetric EvoCeram (TE, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), were used. The flexural properties of the resin composites were determined in accordance with the ISO 4049 specifications. For surface properties, 70 polymerized specimens of each resin composite were prepared and divided into seven groups of 10. Surface roughness (Sa), gloss (GU), and surface free energy (SFE) were investigated after the following finishing and polishing methods. Three groups of specimens were finished with a superfine-grit diamond bur (SFD), and three with a tungsten carbide bur (TCB). After finishing, one of the two remaining groups was polished with a one-step silicone point (CMP), and the other with an aluminum oxide flexible disk (SSD). A group ground with SiC 320-grit was set as a baseline. Results: The average flexural strength ranged from 116.6 to 142.3 MPa in the following order with significant differences between each value: FS > TE > OM. The average E ranged from 6.8 to 13.2 GPa in the following order with significant differences between each value: FS > TE > OM. The average R ranged from 0.77 to 1.01 MJ/mm3 in the following order: OM > FS > TE. The Sa values of the OM groups polished with CMP and SSD were found to be significantly lower than those of the other resin composites, regardless of the finishing method. The GU values appeared to be dependent on the material and the finishing method used. The OM specimens polished with SSD showed significantly higher GU values than those polished with CMP. Most of the resin composites polished with SSD demonstrated significantly higher γS values compared to the other groups. Extremely strong negative correlations between Sa and GU in the combined data from the three resin composites and each resin composite and between Sa and γS in the OM specimens were observed; GU showed a strong positive correlation with γS in the same material. Conclusion: These findings indicate that both flexural and surface properties are material dependent. Furthermore, the different finishing and polishing methods used in this study were observed to affect the Sa, GU, and SFE of the resin composites.

Effects of Finishing and Polishing Methods on the Surface Roughness and Surface Free Energy of Bulk-fill Resin Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. E91-E104 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ishii ◽  
T Takamizawa ◽  
A Tsujimoto ◽  
S Suzuki ◽  
A Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Diamond Bur ◽  
Baseline Group ◽  
Polishing Procedures ◽  
Scanning Electron

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of finishing and polishing methods on surface properties of bulk-fill resin composites through surface roughness (Ra) and surface free energy (SFE) measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Three bulk-fill resin composites, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TB), Filtek Bulk Fill (FB), and Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable Restorative (FF), and two conventional resin composites, Clearfil AP-X (AP) and Estelite ∑ Quick (EQ) were used. Seventy cured specimens of each resin composite were prepared and divided into seven groups of 10 specimens. Ra, SFE measurements, and SEM observations were conducted after finishing and polishing procedures. Three groups of specimens were finished with a fine grit diamond bur (FDB), and three with a tungsten carbide bur (CBB). After finishing, one group from each type of finishing was polished with aluminum oxide flexible disks (SSD) and one group from each type of finishing was polished with diamond particles embedded in a silicone point (CMP). A baseline group of samples that were neither finished nor polished after removing the translucent strips from the surface was examined. Although the baseline group showed significantly lower Ra values than the other groups, most resin composites showed lower Ra values with CBB+SSD than with the other finishing and polishing groups. Among the tested resin composites, EQ showed significantly lower Ra values than the other resin composites, regardless of the finishing and polishing methods. On the other hand, AP showed significantly higher Ra values than the other resin composites in all finishing and polishing groups, apart from FB with FDB. For the finished specimens, most resin composites showed higher SFE values with CBB than with FDB. For the polished specimens, all the tested resin composites with CMP showed lower γS values than those with SSD, regardless of the finishing method. The baseline groups of TB and FB showed significantly lower SFE values than the other finished and polished groups. In the SEM observations, all the examined resin composites showed rougher surfaces after finishing with FDB than with CBB. However, when comparing the different polishing methods (CMP and SSD), surface smoothness appeared to be material dependent.

scholarly journals Characterization of Experimental Short-Fiber-Reinforced Dual-Cure Core Build-Up Resin Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2281
Author(s):  
Eija Säilynoja ◽  
Sufyan Garoushi ◽  
Pekka K. Vallittu ◽  
Lippo Lassila
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Monomer Conversion ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Light Curing

As a core build-up material, dual-cured (DC) resin-based composites are becoming popular. The aim of this research was to investigate specific physical and handling properties of new experimental short-fiber-reinforced DC resin composites (SFRCs) in comparison to different commercial, conventional DC materials (e.g., Gradia Core, Rebilda DC, LuxaCore Z, and Visalys® CemCore). Degree of monomer conversion (DC%) was determined by FTIR-spectrometry using either self- or light-curing mode. The flexural strength, modulus, and fracture toughness were calculated through a three-point bending setup. Viscosity was analyzed at room (22 °C) and mouth (35 °C) temperatures with a rotating disk rheometer. The surface microstructure of each resin composite was examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance ANOVA (p = 0.05). The curing mode showed significant (p < 0.05) effect on the DC% and flexural properties of tested DC resin composites and differences were material dependent. SFRC exhibited the highest fracture toughness (2.3 MPa m1/2) values and LuxaCore showed the lowest values (1 MPa m1/2) among the tested materials (p < 0.05). After light curing, Gradia Core and SFRCs showed the highest flexural properties (p < 0.05), while the other resin composites had comparable values. The novel DC short-fiber-reinforced core build-up resin composite demonstrated super fracture toughness compared to the tested DC conventional resin composites.

scholarly journals Polymerization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of High-Viscosity Bulk Fill and Low Shrinkage Resin Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. E177-E187 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shibasaki ◽  
T Takamizawa ◽  
K Nojiri ◽  
A Imai ◽  
A Tsujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Volumetric Shrinkage ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage

SUMMARY The present study determined the mechanical properties and volumetric polymerization shrinkage of different categories of resin composite. Three high viscosity bulk fill resin composites were tested: Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TB, Ivoclar Vivadent), Filtek Bulk Fill posterior restorative (FB, 3M ESPE), and Sonic Fill (SF, Kerr Corp). Two low-shrinkage resin composites, Kalore (KL, GC Corp) and Filtek LS Posterior (LS, 3M ESPE), were used. Three conventional resin composites, Herculite Ultra (HU, Kerr Corp), Estelite ∑ Quick (EQ, Tokuyama Dental), and Filtek Supreme Ultra (SU, 3M ESPE), were used as comparison materials. Following ISO Specification 4049, six specimens for each resin composite were used to determine flexural strength, elastic modulus, and resilience. Volumetric polymerization shrinkage was determined using a water-filled dilatometer. Data were evaluated using analysis of variance followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference test (α=0.05). The flexural strength of the resin composites ranged from 115.4 to 148.1 MPa, the elastic modulus ranged from 5.6 to 13.4 GPa, and the resilience ranged from 0.70 to 1.0 MJ/m3. There were significant differences in flexural properties between the materials but no clear outliers. Volumetric changes as a function of time over a duration of 180 seconds depended on the type of resin composite. However, for all the resin composites, apart from LS, volumetric shrinkage began soon after the start of light irradiation, and a rapid decrease in volume during light irradiation followed by a slower decrease was observed. The low shrinkage resin composites KL and LS showed significantly lower volumetric shrinkage than the other tested materials at the measuring point of 180 seconds. In contrast, the three bulk fill resin composites showed higher volumetric change than the other resin composites. The findings from this study provide clinicians with valuable information regarding the mechanical properties and polymerization kinetics of these categories of current resin composite.

scholarly journals Surface Response of Fluorine Polymer-Incorporated Resin Composites to Cariogenic Biofilm Adherence

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1428-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Gyo ◽  
Toru Nikaido ◽  
Koichi Okada ◽  
Junichi Yamauchi ◽  
Junji Tagami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Oral Biofilm ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Pure Resin

ABSTRACT Experimental resin composites with incorporated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles were developed, which theoretically could improve the surface properties of the materials, including the inhibition of bacterial adherence. To assess the surface properties in relation to biofilm formation and detachment, 23.1% (wt/wt) linear PTFE particles (FL-30) and cross-linked PTFE particles (FC-30) were incorporated into pure resin composites. Pure PTFE plates and pure resin composites without PTFE (F-0) were used as control specimens. Sucrose-dependent Streptococcus mutans biofilms were formed on the specimen blocks inside an oral biofilm reactor for various time periods and analyzed with or without application of driving forces. In addition, water contact angles and surface roughness were measured. The water contact angles of FL-30 (61.2°) and FC-30 (65.8°) were larger than that of F-0 (48.5°). The largest contact angle (107°) was detected on pure PTFE plates. However, the surfaces of FL-30, FC-30, and pure PTFE plates were rougher than that of F-0. Although the surface properties of the materials differed in terms of contact angles and roughness, these factors seemed not to affect biofilm formation on the surfaces within 5 h. Pure PTFE plates harbored almost the same amounts of biofilm as F-0. However, when a very strong driving force was applied, it was clear that there were significantly smaller amounts of biofilms retained on pure PTFE plates, which showed contact angles much higher than those of the other materials. Hydrophobicity of the resin composite was improved by incorporation of PTFE fillers. However, surface resistance against biofilm formation was not improved.

Thermal, spectral, and surface properties of LED light-polymerized bulk fill resin composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Burçin Pişkin ◽  
Pınar Yılmaz Atalı ◽  
Aysel Kantürk Figen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Type Size ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Fill Materials

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the thermal, spectral, and surface properties of four different bulk fill materials – SureFil SDR (SDR, Dentsplay DETREY), QuixFil (QF, Dentsplay DETREY), X-tra base (XB, Voco) X-tra fil (XF, Voco) – polymerized by light-emitting diode (LED). Resin matrix, filler type, size and amount, and photoinitiator types influence the degree of conversion. LED-cured bulk fill composites achieved sufficient polymerization. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed different patterns of surface roughness, depending on the composite material. Bulk fill materials showed surface characteristics similar to those of nanohybrid composites. Based on the thermal analysis results, glass transition (Tg) and initial degradation (Ti) temperatures changed depending on the bulk fill resin composites.

The mechanical properties of the multi-axial warp-knit/resin matrix composite containing powder waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Nie ◽  
Andrews Boakye ◽  
Zhihong Jia ◽  
Pibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Resin Matrix Composite ◽  
Powder Composites ◽  
Epoxy Resin Composites

Extensive use of composite materials leads to an increase in waste materials. Therefore, it is necessary to find a proper way to recycle the composites. In this research, the powder waste of carbon-epoxy resin composites collected from the cutting and grinding process have been added into glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin composite during the preparation process in order to enhance some mechanical characteristics. Thermal behavior, tensile and flexural properties of adding powder composites have been analyzed. Results show that adding powder waste in a certain proportional range can improve the performance of the new composites.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Repolished Surface Properties of a Resin Composite Employing Structural Coloration Technology

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7280
Author(s):  
Mayumi Maesako ◽  
Takafumi Kishimoto ◽  
Shigetaka Tomoda ◽  
Taku Horie ◽  
Mitsuyoshi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Structural Coloration ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Base Resin

Resin composites employing structural coloration have recently been developed. These resins match to various tooth shades despite being a single paste. To accomplish this, the filler and base resin are tightly bonded, which is thought to provide excellent discoloration resistance. Here, we investigated the surface properties of one of these resins, including the discoloration of the repolished surface. We developed an innovative in vitro method to adjust the repolished surface, in which structural degradation is removed according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation rather than by the naked eye. The resin samples (20 mm (length) × 10 mm (width) × 4 mm (depth)) were manufactured using this resin material. After accelerated aging of the resin by alkaline degradation, the resin was repolished and the discoloration (ΔE*ab), surface roughness (the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra)), and glossiness (the 60° specular) were measured. SEM observation showed that the appearance of the bond between the organic composite filler and base resin on the repolished surface was different from that on the mirror-polished surface. This revealed that according to our in vitro method it was difficult to make the repolished surface structurally identical to the mirror-polished surface. Among the properties of the repolished surface, the degree of discoloration did not change despite the rougher and less glossy surface. It can be concluded that the factors that induce discoloration in this resin composite are independent of the surface roughness and glossiness.

Simulated Cuspal Deflection and Flexural Properties of Bulk-Fill and Conventional Flowable Resin Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Shimatani ◽  
A Tsujimoto ◽  
WW Barkmeier ◽  
NG Fischer ◽  
Y Nagura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis

Clinical Relevance Some bulk-fill flowable resin composites produce less cuspal deflection than a conventional incrementally filled flowable resin composites. SUMMARY Objective: This study investigated simulated cuspal deflection and flexural properties of bulk-fill and conventional flowable resin composites. Methods and Materials: Five bulk-fill and six conventional flowable resin composites were evaluated. Aluminium blocks with a mesio-occlusal-distal cavity were prepared and randomly divided into groups for each of the different measurement techniques and were further subdivided according to the type of flowable resin composite. The simulated cuspal deflection caused by the polymerization of resin composite within an aluminium block was measured using a highly accurate submicron digimatic micrometer or a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In addition, the flexural properties of tested resin composites were measured to investigate the relation between cuspal deflection and flexural properties, and the resin composites were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Results: Simulated cuspal deflection of some bulk-fill flowable resin composites was found to be significantly lower than or similar to those for conventional counterparts, regardless of the measurement method. There were statistically significant differences in flexural properties depending on the material, regardless of the type of flowable resin composite. Pearson correlation analysis did not reveal a statistically significant relationship between flexural properties and cuspal deflection. Conclusion: These results indicate that some bulk-fill flowable resin composites exhibit lower cuspal deflection with the bulk-filling technique than is shown by conventional flowable resin composites using the incremental filling technique. Simulated cuspal deflection can be measured using either a micrometer or CLSM, but this experiment failed to show a significant relationship between cuspal deflection and flexural properties of flowable resin composites.

Effect of Polymer, Road Surface, and Driving Conditions on Wear Surface Characteristics of Tire Treads

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Martin ◽  
P. H. Biddison
Keyword(s):  
Wear Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mechanical Degradation ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Test Track ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Cylindrical Particles

Abstract Treads made with emulsion styrene-butadiene copolymer (SBR), solution SBR, polybutadiene (BR), and a 60/40 emulsion SBR/BR mixture were built as four-way tread sections on G78-15 belted bias tires, which were driven over both concrete and gravel-textured highways and on a small, circular, concrete test track. The tires were front mounted. When driven on concrete highway, all except the BR tread had either crumbled- or liquid-appearing surfaces, thought to have been formed by mechanical degradation or fatigue. When cornered on concrete, these materials formed small cylindrical particles or rolls. The BR tread had a smooth, granular-textured surface when driven on concrete highway and a ridge or sawtooth abrasion pattern when cornered on concrete. All the materials appeared rough and torn when run on gravel-textured highway. The differences in wear surface formed on BR tread and the other three are thought to be due primarily to the relatively high resilience of BR.

scholarly journals Effects of ionizing radiation on surface properties of current restorative dental materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Michelle Gonçalves de Amorim ◽  
Aretha Heitor Veríssimo ◽  
Anne Kaline Claudino Ribeiro ◽  
Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção e Souza ◽  
Isauremi Vieira de Assunção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Post Radiation ◽  
Restorative Dental Materials ◽  
Ionomer Cement

AbstractTo investigate the impact of radiotherapy on surface properties of restorative dental materials. A conventional resin composite—CRC (Aura Enamel), a bulk-fill resin composite—BFRC (Aura Bulk-fill), a conventional glass ionomer cement—CGIC (Riva self cure), and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement—RMGIC (Riva light cure) were tested. Forty disc-shaped samples from each material (8 mm diameter × 2 mm thickness) (n = 10) were produced according to manufacturer directions and then stored in water distilled for 24 h. Surface wettability (water contact angle), Vickers microhardness, and micromorphology through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after exposition to ionizing radiation (60 Gy) were obtained. The data were statistically evaluated using the two-way ANOVA and Tukey posthoc test (p < 0.05). Baseline and post-radiation values of contact angles were statistically similar for CRC, BFRC, and RMGIC, whilst post-radiation values of contact angles were statistically lower than baseline ones for CGIC. Exposition to ionizing radiation statistically increased the microhardness of CRC, and statistically decreased the microhardness of CGIC. The surface micromorphology of all materials was changed post-radiation. Exposure to ionizing radiation negatively affected the conventional glass ionomer tested, while did not alter or improved surface properties testing of the resin composites and the resin-modified glass ionomer cement tested.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document