scholarly journals The Effect of Exenatide Once Weekly on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: An 18-Month Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Koska ◽  
Raymond Q. Migrino ◽  
Keith C. Chan ◽  
Kelly Cooper-Cox ◽  
Peter D Reaven
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Pragmatic Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Plaque Volume

<b>Objective:</b> GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) improved multiple proatherogenic risk factors and reduced cardiovascular events in recent clinical trials, suggesting that they may slow progression of atherosclerosis. We tested whether exenatide once weekly reduces carotid plaque progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> In a double-blind, pragmatic trial, 163 participants were randomized (2:1) to exenatide (n=109) or placebo (n=54). Changes in carotid plaque volume and composition were measured at 9 and 18 months by multi-contrast 3T-MRI. Fasting and post high-fat meal plasma glucose and lipids, and endothelial function responses were measured at 3, 9 and 18 months. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Exenatide reduced hemoglobin A1c (estimated difference vs. placebo 0.55%, p=0.0007), and fasting and post-meal plasma glucose (19 mg/dl, p=0.0002 and 25 mg/dl, p<0.0001). Change in plaque volume in the exenatide group (mean 0.3% ± SD 12%) was not different from the placebo group (-2.2 ± 8%) (p=0.4). The change in plaque volume in the exenatide group was associated with changes in hemoglobin A1c (r=0.38, p=0.0004), body weight and overall plasma glucose (r=0.29, p=0.007 both). There were no differences in changes in plaque composition, body weight, blood pressure, fasting and post-meal plasma triglycerides and endothelial function between the groups. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Exenatide once weekly for up to 18 months improved fasting and postprandial glycemic control but did not modify change in carotid plaque volume or composition. This study raises the possibility that short term anti-atherosclerotic effects may not play a central role in the cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1RAs.</p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Exenatide Once Weekly on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: An 18-Month Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Koska ◽  
Raymond Q. Migrino ◽  
Keith C. Chan ◽  
Kelly Cooper-Cox ◽  
Peter D Reaven
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Pragmatic Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Plaque Volume

<b>Objective:</b> GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) improved multiple proatherogenic risk factors and reduced cardiovascular events in recent clinical trials, suggesting that they may slow progression of atherosclerosis. We tested whether exenatide once weekly reduces carotid plaque progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> In a double-blind, pragmatic trial, 163 participants were randomized (2:1) to exenatide (n=109) or placebo (n=54). Changes in carotid plaque volume and composition were measured at 9 and 18 months by multi-contrast 3T-MRI. Fasting and post high-fat meal plasma glucose and lipids, and endothelial function responses were measured at 3, 9 and 18 months. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Exenatide reduced hemoglobin A1c (estimated difference vs. placebo 0.55%, p=0.0007), and fasting and post-meal plasma glucose (19 mg/dl, p=0.0002 and 25 mg/dl, p<0.0001). Change in plaque volume in the exenatide group (mean 0.3% ± SD 12%) was not different from the placebo group (-2.2 ± 8%) (p=0.4). The change in plaque volume in the exenatide group was associated with changes in hemoglobin A1c (r=0.38, p=0.0004), body weight and overall plasma glucose (r=0.29, p=0.007 both). There were no differences in changes in plaque composition, body weight, blood pressure, fasting and post-meal plasma triglycerides and endothelial function between the groups. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Exenatide once weekly for up to 18 months improved fasting and postprandial glycemic control but did not modify change in carotid plaque volume or composition. This study raises the possibility that short term anti-atherosclerotic effects may not play a central role in the cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1RAs.</p>

scholarly journals Association between dietary salt and plasma glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1C levels among type 2 diabetes patients in Eastern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Lin ◽  
Kaushik ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
Jia-Lin Li ◽  
Yan-Shu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Dietary Salt Intake

Abstract Purpose Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the major public health concerns in China. Studies on the association between dietary salt intake and the glycaemia response of T2D are lacking in China. The aim was to investigate the association between the levels of dietary salt intake and the plasma glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in T2D patients. Methods Patients with T2D, who accepted management and treatment by the National Standardized Metabolic Disease Management Center at Ningbo First Hospital from March 2018 to January 2020, were included in this study. Dietary salt was collected through a standardized food frequent questionnaire. Anthropometry, blood pressure and biomarkers were measured by well-trained endocrinology nurses. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to examine the association. Results A total of 1145 eligible T2D patients with the mean age of 51.4 years were included in the study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial plasma glucose and 2h postprandial insulin, were significantly increased across dietary salt categories. Generalized linear models further showed that dietary salt > 8g/d were positively associated with FPG and HbA1c. Conclusion Higher daily salt intake was found to be associated with FPG and HbA1c in T2D patients. Lifestyle education and promotion on salt reduction should be provided to T2D patients.

Effect of cilostazol on carotid plaque volume measured by three‐dimensional ultrasonography in patients with type 2 diabetes: The FANCY study

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2257-2266
Author(s):  
Dong‐Hwa Lee ◽  
Eun Ju Chun ◽  
Ji Hye Moon ◽  
Han Mi Yun ◽  
Soo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plaque Volume

scholarly journals Combined GLP-1, Oxyntomodulin, and Peptide YY Improves Body Weight and Glycemia in Obesity and Prediabetes/Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1446-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeshila Behary ◽  
George Tharakan ◽  
Kleopatra Alexiadou ◽  
Nicholas Johnson ◽  
Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Controlled Study

scholarly journals Racial and Ethnic Differences in Mean Plasma Glucose, Hemoglobin A1c, and 1,5-Anhydroglucitol in Over 2000 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1689-1694 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Herman ◽  
Kathleen M. Dungan ◽  
Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel ◽  
John B. Buse ◽  
Jessie L. Fahrbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences

scholarly journals Use of Hemoglobin A1c and Fasting Plasma Glucose to Diagnose Type 2 Diabetes in the Real World

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-722
Author(s):  
B. Shivananda Nayak ◽  
Kameel Mungrue ◽  
Shawn Seepersad ◽  
Justin Sookram ◽  
Shalina Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Real World ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
The Real ◽  
Fasting Plasma

scholarly journals Guesstimate Probable Partial Recovery of Pancreatic Beta Cells Using Calculations of Annualized Fasting Plasma Glucose Decreased Amount (GH-Method: mathphysical medicine)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Regeneration Capability

In this paper, the author describes his hypothesis on the probable partial self-recovery of some insulin regeneration capability of pancreatic beta cells on a type 2 diabetes (T2D) patient via his collected data of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and body weight during the period of 1/1/2014 to 11/2/2019.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Changes in Hemoglobin A1c and Body Weight During Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Ipragliflozin: Interim Analysis of the ASSIGN-K Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Iemitsu ◽  
Takashi Iizuka ◽  
Masahiro Takihata ◽  
Masahiko Takai ◽  
Shigeru Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Interim Analysis ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Factors Influencing
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