scholarly journals Factors Influencing Changes in Hemoglobin A1c and Body Weight During Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Ipragliflozin: Interim Analysis of the ASSIGN-K Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Iemitsu ◽  
Takashi Iizuka ◽  
Masahiro Takihata ◽  
Masahiko Takai ◽  
Shigeru Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Interim Analysis ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals The Effect of Exenatide Once Weekly on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: An 18-Month Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Koska ◽  
Raymond Q. Migrino ◽  
Keith C. Chan ◽  
Kelly Cooper-Cox ◽  
Peter D Reaven
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Pragmatic Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Plaque Volume

<b>Objective:</b> GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) improved multiple proatherogenic risk factors and reduced cardiovascular events in recent clinical trials, suggesting that they may slow progression of atherosclerosis. We tested whether exenatide once weekly reduces carotid plaque progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> In a double-blind, pragmatic trial, 163 participants were randomized (2:1) to exenatide (n=109) or placebo (n=54). Changes in carotid plaque volume and composition were measured at 9 and 18 months by multi-contrast 3T-MRI. Fasting and post high-fat meal plasma glucose and lipids, and endothelial function responses were measured at 3, 9 and 18 months. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Exenatide reduced hemoglobin A1c (estimated difference vs. placebo 0.55%, p=0.0007), and fasting and post-meal plasma glucose (19 mg/dl, p=0.0002 and 25 mg/dl, p<0.0001). Change in plaque volume in the exenatide group (mean 0.3% ± SD 12%) was not different from the placebo group (-2.2 ± 8%) (p=0.4). The change in plaque volume in the exenatide group was associated with changes in hemoglobin A1c (r=0.38, p=0.0004), body weight and overall plasma glucose (r=0.29, p=0.007 both). There were no differences in changes in plaque composition, body weight, blood pressure, fasting and post-meal plasma triglycerides and endothelial function between the groups. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Exenatide once weekly for up to 18 months improved fasting and postprandial glycemic control but did not modify change in carotid plaque volume or composition. This study raises the possibility that short term anti-atherosclerotic effects may not play a central role in the cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1RAs.</p>

scholarly journals Feasibility and Acceptability of a Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Intervention for Mothers and Children at a Federally Qualified Healthcare Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110576
Author(s):  
Melanie Hingle ◽  
Robert Blew ◽  
Kyla James ◽  
Joy Mockbee ◽  
Kelly N.B. Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Prevention Intervention ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mothers And Children

Background: Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) contribute to increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among both mothers and their offspring. Randomized trials demonstrated T2DM risk reduction in adults following lifestyle behavior change and modest weight loss; the evidence base for at-risk children remains limited. Purpose: Evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a T2DM prevention intervention for mother-child dyads delivered by Federally Qualified Health Center staff. Methods: A group randomized design tested the effects of a behavioral lifestyle intervention on T2DM risk factors in women with a history of GDM and their 8- to 12-year-old children. Mother-child dyads were recruited and randomized to intervention or wait-listed control conditions. Intervention participants completed the 13-week intervention; control participants received standard of care. Baseline and 13-week measures assessed program acceptability and feasibility, and explored effects on body weight, waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and lifestyle behaviors. Results: Forty-two dyads were randomized and 35 (83%) completed pre-/post-measurements. Participants and program leaders positively rated content and engagement. Nearly all strongly agreed that activities were enjoyable (97%), applicable (96%), useful (97%), and motivational (96%). Attendance averaged 65% across 2 cohorts; delivery costs were approximately $225/dyad. There were no significant differences in body weight, BMI (or BMI z-score), waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, diet quality, physical activity, sleep, or home environment changes between intervention and control groups. Conclusions: A family T2DM prevention program was feasibly delivered by FQHC staff, and acceptable to mothers and children. Program efficacy will be evaluated in an adequately powered clinical trial.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exenatide Once Weekly on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: An 18-Month Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Koska ◽  
Raymond Q. Migrino ◽  
Keith C. Chan ◽  
Kelly Cooper-Cox ◽  
Peter D Reaven
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Pragmatic Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Plaque Volume

<b>Objective:</b> GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) improved multiple proatherogenic risk factors and reduced cardiovascular events in recent clinical trials, suggesting that they may slow progression of atherosclerosis. We tested whether exenatide once weekly reduces carotid plaque progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> In a double-blind, pragmatic trial, 163 participants were randomized (2:1) to exenatide (n=109) or placebo (n=54). Changes in carotid plaque volume and composition were measured at 9 and 18 months by multi-contrast 3T-MRI. Fasting and post high-fat meal plasma glucose and lipids, and endothelial function responses were measured at 3, 9 and 18 months. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Exenatide reduced hemoglobin A1c (estimated difference vs. placebo 0.55%, p=0.0007), and fasting and post-meal plasma glucose (19 mg/dl, p=0.0002 and 25 mg/dl, p<0.0001). Change in plaque volume in the exenatide group (mean 0.3% ± SD 12%) was not different from the placebo group (-2.2 ± 8%) (p=0.4). The change in plaque volume in the exenatide group was associated with changes in hemoglobin A1c (r=0.38, p=0.0004), body weight and overall plasma glucose (r=0.29, p=0.007 both). There were no differences in changes in plaque composition, body weight, blood pressure, fasting and post-meal plasma triglycerides and endothelial function between the groups. </p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Exenatide once weekly for up to 18 months improved fasting and postprandial glycemic control but did not modify change in carotid plaque volume or composition. This study raises the possibility that short term anti-atherosclerotic effects may not play a central role in the cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1RAs.</p>

How to Maintain a Healthy Body Weight

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthy Body Weight ◽  
Healthy Body

The epidemic of both obesity and type 2 diabetes is due to environmental factors, but the individuals developing the conditions possess a strong genetic predisposition. Observational surveys and intervention studies have shown that excess body fatness is the major environmental cause of type 2 diabetes, and that even a minor weight loss can prevent its development in high-risk subjects. Maintenance of a healthy body weight in susceptible individuals requires 45–60 minutes physical activity daily, a fat-reduced diet with plenty of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, and lean meat and dairy products, and moderate consumption of calorie containing beverages. The use of table values to predict the glycemic index of meals is of little – if any – value, and the role of a low-glycemic index diet for body weight control is controversial. The replacement of starchy carbohydrates with protein from lean meat and lean dairy products enhances satiety, and facilitate weight control. It is possible that dairy calcium also promotes weight loss, although the mechanism of action remains unclear. A weight loss of 5–10% can be induced in almost all obese patients providing treatment is offered by a professional team consisting of a physician and dieticians or nurses trained to focus on weight loss and maintenance. Whereas increasing daily physical activity and regular exercise does not significantly effect the rate of weight loss in the induction phase, it plays an important role in the weight maintenance phase due to an impact on daily energy expenditure and also to a direct enhancement of insulin sensitivity.

Clinical Experience with Insulin Detemir: Results from the Bangladesh Cohort of Global A1chieve Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Ahmed Latif ◽  
Md. Faruque Pathan ◽  
Md. Nazrul Islam Siddiqui ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
SM Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Insulin Detemir ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Baseline Visit ◽  
Effective Option

Objective: To present results from the Bangladesh cohort of the A1chieve study receiving insulin detemir (Levemir) ± oral anti diabetic drugs. Methods: Out of 1093 patients recruited from 49 sites in Bangladesh, 370 were initiated on insulin detemir (Levemir).Study visits were defined as baseline, interim (around 12 weeks from baseline) and final (around 24 weeks from baseline) visit. Results: Glycaemic control was poor in all the groups at baseline. In the entire cohort at 24 weeks, significant reductions from baseline were observed in mean HbA1c (from 10.0 % to 7.2%, p<0.001), FPG (from 10.5 to 6.7 mmol/L, p<0.001) and PPPG (from 15.3 to 8.9 mmol/L, p<0.001) levels. Overall 45.5% of the participants achieved target HbA1c level of < 7% after 24 weeks. The rate of all hypoglycaemic events in the entire cohort reduced from 1.34 (baseline) to 0.12 events/person year after 24 weeks of insulin detemir therapy (p<0.0001). There was no clinically relevant change in body weight in insulin naïve or prior insulin users groups after 24 weeks of insulin detemir therapy. Conclusions: The current study suggests that insulin detemir may be considered as a safe and effective option for initiating insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh. Birdem Med J 2013; 3(1): 11-18 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v3i1.17121

909-P: The Related Factors Accounting for the Discrepancy between Estimated Hemoglobin A1c Derived from CGMS and the Measured A1C in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 909-P
Author(s):  
BEISI LIN ◽  
WEN XU ◽  
ZHIGU LIU ◽  
DAIZHI YANG ◽  
YANNA SU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Related Factors
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