Infectious Diseases of the Esophagus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Kit Lo
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Esophageal Candidiasis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Candida Esophagitis ◽  
Simplex Virus

This review considers the three most common infectious diseases affecting the esophageal mucosa: Candida organisms (particularly Candida albicans), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV), including their epidemiologies, pathogeneses, diagnoses, differentials, managements, complications, and prognoses. Infection is often indicated by the symptom of odynophagia, although more general gastrointestinal complaints such as dysphagia and heartburn can also be present. Esophageal candidiasis caused by C. albicans is the most common esophageal infection, detected in immunocompetent patients, as well as those with HIV infection, hematologic malignancies, or other immunologic disorders. Treatment of these diseases should target the fungal or viral pathogens involved using systemically active antibiotic regimens. As infectious esophagitis is frequently seen in immunocompromised hosts, assessment for HIV and malignancy should be considered with a new diagnosis. Figures show endoscopic images of Candida esophagitis and HSV esophagitis. Tables list risk factors for infectious esophagitis, possible symptoms of infectious esophagitis, pathogens causing infectious esophagitis and distinguishing characteristics, the Kodsi classification of Candida esophagitis severity on endoscopy, and treatment regimens for esophageal candidiasis,  CMV esophagitis in HIV/AIDS patients, and HSV esophagitis. This review contains ­2 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, 38 references. Key words: Candida albicans, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), HIV Complications, Immunosuppression Treatment for Candida, CMV, and HSV, Infections of the esophagus

Incidence rate and specifics of the clinical course of herpesviral meningitis in children and adults according to regional clinical hospital for infectious diseases, city of Tyumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
A. A. Beltikova ◽  
◽  
A. A. Zasypkina ◽  
O. A. Lyubimtseva ◽  
L. V. Khanipova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Simplex Virus

Aim. The objective is to explore the incidence rate and the specifics of the clinical course of herpesviral meningitis in children and adults. Materials and methods. The post-hoc analysis of 23 patients’ records has been carried out. The patients were admitted to State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Region, Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, City of Tyumen, during the period of 2018-2019 diagnosed with meningitis of herpesviral etiology. When analysing the data the following aspects were taken into account: age, sex, etiological agent, complaints at admission, results of clinical examination and laboratory findings. Results. Twenty-three (23) cases of herpesviral meningitis were registered during the period of two (2) years; mixed infection was detected in every fifth patient. Epstein Barr viral meningitis was diagnosed in most cases and was detected 3.5 times oftener in adults than in children. Herpes Simplex Virus meningitis was the second one in terms of detection rate and it affected only adults. Varicella Zoster Virus meningitis was detected two times rarer than Herpes Simplex Virus and only in adults. The herpesviral meningitis caused by human herpes virus type 6 was detected with the same rate as Varicella Zoster meningitis but was registered among children only. Cytomegaloviral meningitis was detected in one adult who was affected by severe immune deficiency. Conclusion. The detected specifics of the incidence of the herpesviral meningitis with respect to a patient’s age will enable a practitioner to suggest the possible meningitis etiology and to prescribe appropriate treatment thus improving the prognosis for the disease.

Effect of a combination therapy between IL-12 and soluble IL-4 receptor (sIL-4R) onCandida albicansand herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in thermally injured mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 886-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makiko Kobayashi ◽  
Hitoshi Takahashi ◽  
David N Herndon ◽  
Richard B Pollard ◽  
Fujio Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

The effectiveness of a combination using IL-12 and soluble IL-4 receptor (sIL-4R) to treat severe infections of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and Candida albicans in thermally injured mice was investigated. Although sIL-4R decreased burn-associated type 2 T-cell responses, the effect of sIL-4R was minimal on the morbidity and mortality of thermally injured mice exposed to 250 times LD50of HSV-1 or 10 times LD50of C. albicans. Compared with 100% mortality in control mice, mortality for HSV-1 and C. albicans was 40 and 20%, respectively, in thermally injured mice that received IL-12 and sIL-4R in combination. After stimulation with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, splenic T cells from thermally injured mice exposed to large amounts of HSV-1 or C. albicans did not produce gamma interferon (IFN-γ) into their culture fluids. However, IFN-γ was produced by splenic T cells from thermally injured and infected mice treated with IL-12 and sIL-4R in combination. These results suggest that therapeutic treatment with a combination of IL-12 and sIL-4R may be effective by inducing type 1 T-cell responses in thermally injured mice exposed to large amounts of HSV-1 or C. albicans.Key words: burn, IL-12, soluble IL-4 receptor, herpesvirus, Candida albicans.

Herpes simplex virus,Candida albicans and mouth ulcers in neutropenic patients with non-haematological malignancy

1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Beattie ◽  
Jennifer Whelan ◽  
James Cassidy ◽  
Leslie Milne ◽  
Sheila Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Haematological Malignancy ◽  
Neutropenic Patients ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF INFLUENCE OF THE ATYPICAL MICROFLORA ON DEVELOPMENT OF PATHOLOGY OF RESPIRATORY TRACTS IN CHILDREN

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
R V Majorov ◽  
I V Ozerova ◽  
E V Nezdanova
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
School Age ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Simplex Virus

The results of original researches executed for revealing the influence of atypical microflora (C. pneumonia, M. pneumoniae, Herpes simplex virus, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus) on allergic and nonallergic respiratory disease at 697 children of school age are presented. The obtained data allow to recommend more active use of drugs influencing on atypical flora for the choice of anti-infectious therapy at children of school age with allergic and frequent infectious diseases.

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