Haphazard Sampling: Selection Biases Induced by Control Listing Properties and the Estimation Consequences of these Biases

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Hall ◽  
Andrew W. Higson ◽  
Bethane Jo Pierce ◽  
Kenneth H. Price ◽  
Christopher J. Skousen
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Inclusion Probabilities ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Visual Properties

ABSTRACT Haphazard sampling is a nonstatistical technique used by auditors to simulate a variety of random sampling techniques when testing the error status of accounting populations. In this study, we compare the properties of haphazard samples selected from control listings with the properties of simple random samples. We hypothesize that control listing entries exhibit salience values that result from the effort required to locate entries and the visual properties of entries. We further hypothesize these salience values influence sample selections and result in sample properties that are different from those of simple random samples. To test these hypotheses, we examine the properties of haphazard samples selected by three participant groups. In each group, sample properties differ from those of simple random sampling and include a lack of independence across sample selections and biased sample inclusion probabilities. We also develop models showing how biased sample inclusion probabilities influence error projections and discuss the estimation consequences of these biases. Data Availability: For information about data availability, please contact the first author.

scholarly journals PERSONAL HYGIENE DENGAN KEJADIAN PENYAKIT SKABIES PADA SANTRI WUSTHO (SMP) DI PESANTREN AL-FALAH BANJARBARU

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Norhalida Rahmi ◽  
Syamsul Arifin ◽  
Endang Pertiwiwati
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Respondent ◽  
Chisquare Test

ABSTRAKSkabies merupakan penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh infeksi dan sensitisasi oleh tungau Sarcoptes scabei var hominis (Sarcoptes sp.). Penularan dapat terjadi secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Salah satu dampak kejadian skabies yaitu personal hygiene yang buruk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan personal hygiene dengan kejadian penyakit skabies pada santri Wustho di Pondok (SMP) Pesantren Al-Falah Putera Banjarbaru. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional.Tteknik sampling menggunakan probality sampling dengan simple random sampling. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh santri wustho kelas 1 yang berasrama sebanyak 341 santri. Sampel yang digunakan ada 184 santri yang berasrama.H asil analisis didapatkan personal hygiene baik terkena skabies 24% dan personal hygiene baik tidak terkena skabies 76%. Personal hygiene buruk terkena skabies 53% dan personal hygiene buruk tidak terkena skabies 47 %. Hasil uji chi- square didapatkan nilai= 0,000 (r) = 12.590. Kesimpulan penelitian ini personal hygiene berhubungan dengan kejadian skabies. Hygiene perseorangan merupakan salah satu usaha yang dapat mencegah kejadian skabies.Kata- kata kunci : personal hygiene, skabies, pesantren.ABSTRACTScabies is a contagious infectious disease caused by infection and sensitization by Sarcoptes scabei var hominis mites (Sarcoptes sp.). transmission can occur directly and indirectly. one of the effects of scabies is poor personal hygiene. To determine the correlation personal hygiene with incidence of scabies in Islamic boarding Wustho students (SMP) Al Falah Putera Banjarbaru. This study was a correlational study with cross-sectional approach, using sampling techniques probality sampling with simple random sampling. The population was all studentswere Islamic boarding wustho in first class as many as 341 students. Total respondent were 184 students in Islamic boarding. Analysis of the Personal hygiene exposed to scabies 24% good, good personal hygiene was not affected by scabies 76%. Personal hygiene badly affected by scabies 53%, poor personal hygiene was not affected by scabies 47%. Result of correlation chisquare test p value = 0.000 and (r) = 12.590. personal hygiene associated with the incidence ofscabies. Personal hygiene was one of effort that can prevent the incidence of scabies.Keywords: personal hygiene, scabies, islamic boarding.

scholarly journals Skala TAI-G Untuk Kecemasan Menghadapi Ujian Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Hasnaa' Zahuna Nayu
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Total Item

Anxiety facing exams refers to the student's tendency to understand evaluativ situations where their performance will be assessed, such as high-risk exams, as they are very threatening. The threat here is their self-esteem, fear will be judged negatively by teachers, friends, or parents.  The purpose of this research is to seek the validity and reliability of the TAI-G scale. This research uses a quantitative approach. The number of samples of this study was 101 SMA/SMK students in Magelang with an age range of 15-17 years. Sampling in this study used simple random sampling techniques. The results of the analysis show 21 items declared valid with a correlation of item-Total 0.25, 1 invalid item with a total-item correlation of 0.25, and an alpha reliability of 0.907.

scholarly journals KEPUASAN KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA KARYAWAN PDAM TIRTA BHAGASASI BEKASI

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-118
Author(s):  
Evi Mafriningsianti
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Analysis Technique

This research objective to determine the satisfaction, discipline, and motivation of employees of PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi Bekasi, and also to determine satisfaction and discipline of influence on work motivation the employee of PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi Bekasi. There are 90 employees of PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi Bekasi as a sample in this study. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling techniques. Observation and questionnaire methods are used in collecting the data. The data analysis technique uses multiple regression analysis with the SPSS program. The results of the descriptive analysis show the good realization of job satisfaction (average score 3.63) and employee work discipline (average score 3.61) so that it has a positive impact on employee work motivation (average score 3.57). These results are supported by Bekasi Tirta Bhagasasi PDAM data in 2018 which obtained a level of realization of workforce satisfaction of 61.38% (sufficient category), the value of realization of employee work discipline at 5.80% (sufficient category), and the level of realization of labor motivation of 60.71% (sufficient category). t value calculated job satisfaction (b1) = 9,133 with a significance of 0,000 (<= 0.05) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that job satisfaction has a significant effect on the work motivation of PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi Bekasi employees. T value is calculated work discipline (b2) = 5.535 with a significance of 0,000 (<= 0.05) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that work discipline has a significant effect on the work motivation of PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi Bekasi employees.

Knowledge Management

2012 ◽  
pp. 64-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Iqbal ◽  
Hayati Abdul Jalal ◽  
Paul Toulson ◽  
David Tweed
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Perceived Values ◽  
Formal Recognition

Organisational culture plays an important role for enabling the process of knowledge sharing. Organisational culture is not only reflected in the visible aspects of organization such as structure, mission, and objectives, it is also embedded in the behaviour of people. The purpose of this chapter is to close research gaps present in knowledge sharing success by examining the linkages between employees’ knowledge-sharing through collaboration, perceived values of involvement, trustworthiness, and formal recognition. The research data was collected by using simple random sampling techniques from a population of knowledge workers in Malaysian IT organisations. The findings highlight the importance of organisational culture for successful knowledge sharing within organisations. The results of factor analysis show the emergence of four new cultural values extant in the Malaysian context. These values are involvement, trustworthiness, formal recognition, and independence. Successful knowledge sharing is significantly related to the perceived value of involvement, trustworthiness, and formal recognition. This chapter will be beneficial for researchers, practitioners, scholars, and organisations (leaders and employees); it will also be helpful for those interested in organisational structure and relationships across organisations in knowledge contexts.

Impact assessment of TANUVAS – mineral mixture on the productive performance of dairy cattle

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Senthilkumar ◽  
S. Prathaban ◽  
V. Thanaseelaan ◽  
C. Manivannan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Sample ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
The Impact

Ten villages of Tirunelveli district were selected purposively for the study wherein NABARD Farmers culb functioning successfully. From each village 50 NABARD Farmers club members were selected by simple random sampling techniques. Thirty percent of the respondents were involved among 500 beneficiaris of the project to study the impact of TANUVAS - mineral mixture on the productive performance. Accordingly, 15 respondents from each village were included for this study and constituted a sample size of 150. Milk sample were collected before supplementation of TANUVAS - mineral mixture and after two weeks period of supplementation of TANUVAS - mineral mixture in dairy cattle. Fat and SNF percentage of samples were analysed in the laboratory and milk yield also estimated. The study concluded that, supplementation with TANUVAS - mineral mixture increased milk yield by one litre, fat percentage increased by 1.77 per cent and SNF increased by 0.77 per cent.

scholarly journals A Microcomputer Program for Assisting in the Design of Simple Random Samples

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Microcomputer Program ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
The Relationship

An interactive microcomputer program was developed to aid the design of simple random sampling with or without replacement. The program determines: (1) sample size for a set of given conditions for up to 20 variables; (2) combinations of conditions that will yield a given samples size; and (3) the relationship between percentage error and sample size for a given set of conditions. Potential applications are illustrated with three simple examples. Key Words: sample size, simple random sampling

scholarly journals INTRINSIC MOTIVATION AMONG FORM FOUR HISTORY STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
M. Kaviza
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
History Teachers ◽  
School Location ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation Inventory

This survey study is aimed to identify the level of intrinsic motivation and its and to determine whether there is a significant mean difference of intrinsic motivation-based gender, school location, achievement level, and subject stream. This study involved a total of 521 Form Four students as samples using simple random sampling techniques. The questionnaire Intrinsic Motivation Inventory which has been adapted is the instrument of this study. The data of this study were analyzed descriptively and inferred. The findings of this study showed that intrinsic motivation and its construct at a moderate level. In addition, the findings also showed that there are significant mean differences in intrinsic motivation based gender and achievement level. Therefore, the findings also indicated that there are no significant mean differences in intrinsic motivation based school location and subject streams. The implication of this study suggests that history teachers need to play an important role in raising the level of intrinsic motivation through the implementation of interesting teaching strategies, methods, techniques, and activities in the classroom.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK HIS DENGAN LAMA PERSALINAN KALA II DI BPS SAHABAT PEREMPUAN GUNUNG ANYAR SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauziyatun Nisa’
Keyword(s):  
Private Practice ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Test Result

influence contraction of uterus characteristics with length of second period in BPS Sahabat Perempuan Gunung Anyar Surabaya. Contraction of uterus is the major physiological force during the delivery process of second period. Based on the results of preliminary studies, there is still mother who get pathological second period of childbirth. Intention of this research is to identity influence contraction of uterus characteristics with length of second period. Design this research use analytic with cohort method. The population is all of the mother who have the interpretation of labor on June 14 until July 9 and delivery at private practice midwife Sahabat Perempuan Gunung Anyar Surabaya, which amounts 30 respondents. Big of sample 28 respondents, were teken with probability sampling techniques, that is simple random sampling. Processing by editing, coding and tabulating. Variable independent is contraction of uterus characteristics and variable dependent is length of second period. Result of this research with test of chie-squares with significance level α = 0,05. Most respondents with contraction of uterus characteristics normally is (53,3 % ) only a small proportion who get pathological second period of childbirth (18,75 %). From got by statistical test result of ρ = 0,025 and ρ < α of meaning H1 accepted, it means there is correlation between contraction of uterus characteristics with length of second period at private practice midwife Sahabat Perempuan Gunung Anyar Surabaya. It can see from Odds Ratio (OR) is getting 7,8 (95 % CI : 1,47 – 41,21). Its means contraction of uterus characteristics more effective for length of second period. This research conclusion that there more mother delivering have contraction of uterus characteristics normally, so more big chance mother delivering for felt with length of second period. Adviced to pregnant women to trying the contraction of uterus with pregnancy gymnastic, it can train the muscle strength of the stomach, hips, and other supporting muscle that are not rigid and well coordinated, so the contraction of uterus become normally.

scholarly journals Exploring Scientific Literacy of Chemistry Education Pre-Service Teachers Through Socio-Scientific Issues Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Jajang Muhariyansah ◽  
Atik Rahmawati ◽  
Anita Fibonacci
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Data Source

Scientific literacy is an ability that must be had by pre-service teachers. This research aimed to find out the scientific literacy's ability of pre-service teachers in chemistry education. This research was descriptive with quantitative approach. Participants were taken by simple random sampling techniques, the participants are chemistry education students. The data source comes from scientific literacy tests with socio-scientific issues and open-ended question description tests. The validity of the data was tested using a data triangulation technique, in which researchers compare data obtained through test instruments and interview results. The results of the data analysis showed the scientific literacy of chemistry education students was dominant in the nominal and functional categories with a percentage of 33.2% and 24.2%, conceptual and multidimensional categories 13.7%; 4.4%; and 24.5% of students did not give answers the tests.

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