scholarly journals Greek Music

1913 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
J. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Vocal Music ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Modern Mind ◽  
Minute Interval ◽  
The Subject

The general conviction that the true nature of ancient Greek music is practically incomprehensible in modern times arises from many causes, of which the most potent are:—1. That hitherto all explanations have been based on the extant formal treatises, which deal either with the decadent elaborations of solo cithara-playing, or the purely theoretical calculations of the self-styled Pythagorean school, which latter professedly despised the actual performance of music.2. The attempts to elucidate the subject make no allowance for the fact that the extant specimens of noted music extend over a period of at least eight centuries, and no one explanation is likely to fit either the whole of these or the casual references to music to be found in general Greek literature.3. Thanks mainly to Aristoxenus, the modern mind has become so permeated by the quarter-tone theory of the enharmonic genus, that even so simple a record as the celebrated Euripides fragment has been generally interpreted as involving this minute interval. The arguments against this theory, at least as regards vocal music, are weighty and almost conclusive; but their full development requires more space than is available here.

scholarly journals Theology in a Post-Secular Context: Origins, Problems, and Prospects

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Javorskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practice ◽  
Special School ◽  
Negative Theology ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
School Training

The article reconstructs the cultural conditions of the possibility of theology as a specific intellectual practice. The author proceeds from the understanding of the divine as non-anthropic, that is, beyond the control of man, but at the same time exerting an irresistible influence on him. In this context, the divine appears as unintelligible, which casts doubt on the project of theology as a form of cognition of the divine. However, despite this, in the ancient Greek Poleis, the divine becomes the subject of theology as a contemplative practice; it is the contemplative attitude to the deity that allows making the divine an object of cognition. A contemplative attitude to the divine has accompanied theology throughout its history. However, it is supplemented by a practical (liturgical) attitude. The secularization of Western European culture led to the separation of theology from religious practice. In modern times, there is a specific form of theology (crypto-theology) that allows thinking about the divine and its attributes, regardless of the experience of communion with God. Besides, extra-institutional theology is being formed, free from dogmatic restrictions and even a kind of amateurish theology, whose representatives did not have special, "school" training. All these transformations eventually led to the crisis of theology and the decline of its influence. At the same time, at the beginning of the XIX century, there were conditions for the emergence of a "modern theology" that responds to the challenges of secularism. In the second half of the twentieth century, the topic and problems of modern theology were also influenced by the programs of "overcoming metaphysics" (M. Heidegger) and "deconstruction" (J. Derrida). Modern theology basically positions itself as post-metaphysical and generates more or less radical projects of phenomenological theology (J.-L. Marion, J. Manoussakis) and negative theology (J. Derrida).

Rahner, Karl (1904–84)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A. Bonsor
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Modern Mind ◽  
The Subject

Rahner sought to offer an account of the Christian faith that would be credible to the modern mind. His early philosophical works lay the foundation for this theological project. Using both the method and categories of the early Heidegger, Rahner placed the thought of the medieval philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas in conversation with modern philosophy. He asked of Aquinas’ epistemology Kant’s question about the conditions of human subjectivity which make knowledge possible. Rahner argued that Aquinas’ description of knowledge and human freedom requires, as its necessary condition, that the subject possess an openness to a universal horizon of being, an openness to God. There is, in the structure of subjectivity, a constitutive, experiential, a priori relationship with the divine mystery. While this openness occurs within an individual’s self-awareness, it is always mediated by and interpreted through the objects, people, language and ideas that make up one’s historical context (the categorical). In his theology, Rahner argued that the true nature of humanity’s relationship with God had been revealed by Jesus to be one of absolute nearness. Rahner rendered Christian doctrines credible by correlating them with the transcendental experience of a God who is near.

scholarly journals In the Universe of Cassandra: The Ancient Topos of Clairvoyance in the Futuristic World of Minority Report (2002)

Text Matters ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Budzowska
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Melanie Klein ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Minority Report ◽  
Important Character

The figure of Cassandra is well-known from numerous representations in ancient and modern literature as an archetype of a woman who has the power to see the future, but whose visions are not believed. In ancient Greek literature, Cassandra was an important character serving as a prophet of an approaching catastrophe. In her modern adaptations, this figure became a metaphor in psychoanalytical research on human moral behaviour (Melanie Klein and the Cassandra complex) developed in feminist writing. Cassandra has also been of interest to filmmakers, with perhaps the best adaptation of the subject of Cassandra’s clairvoyance being Steven Spielberg’s film Minority Report. Loosely based on Philip K. Dick’s 1956 short story The Minority Report, the plot presents a version of the Cassandra myth, in which a woman together with male twins operate as a group mind to predict future crimes. Their visions are used by the state to prevent the crimes and imprison the would-be criminals. This article offers a thorough analysis of all the ancient and modern features of the metaphor of Cassandra employed in this movie within the overarching framework of the central theme of free will vs. determinism. According to this approach, the central theme is examined with reference to ancient Aristotelian and Stoic moral philosophy, the modern feminist psychoanalysis of Melanie Klein, and the political philosophy and legal issues in the post-9/11 world.

scholarly journals Greek Music and its Relation to Modern Times

1920 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-42
Author(s):  
J. F. Mountford
Keyword(s):  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
The Real ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Real Nature ◽  
Plastic Arts ◽  
National Life ◽  
Real Relation ◽  
Of Greece

In Greece the art of music was honoured as scarcely inferior to poetry itself, and in lyric and tragic compositions at least the two arts were almost inseparably allied. The religious and athletic assemblies, the Panathenaia, the Olympia, the Pythia, the Karneia, etc., were not complete without a goodly number of musical celebrations, and from quite early times an important musical contest had been held at Delphi in which the greatest singers and instrumentalists took part. At Athens the free-born youth was trained in the essentials of the art, and music was considered so much a part of the national life that innovators were not infrequently charged with aiming at the subversion of the state itself. Greek literature is so full of allusions to, and metaphors drawn from music, that a question of real interest and importance often presents itself to us: how far are we in Europe, who have inherited so much in literature and the plastic arts from the Greeks, also indebted to them for our modern music? Is there, in short, any recognisable chain of descent from Terpander and Timotheos to Beethoven and Wagner?Strong negatives and affirmatives have been given to this question because of the doubt which exists about the real nature of Greek music itself. Some enquirers believe that ancient Greek music contained the germs of that ecclesiastical system from which modern music has been evolved; others arriving at different conclusions, deny that the music of the golden age of Greece bears any real relation to that of modern times.

¿Qué tan mala es la conciencia mala de Agustín (mala conscientia)?

Augustinus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-306
Author(s):  
Josef Lössl ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Sense ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Good Conscience ◽  
Ancient Greek Literature

The subject if this article is a brief discussion of the concept of «bad conscience» (mala conscientia) as opposed to «good conscience’ (bona conscientia) in the Works of Augustine, with specific reference to Augustine’s theology of grace. The article considers Augustine’s use of the concept in a wide range of his Works, especially in some sermons and also compares this use with the meaning of the earliest occurrences of the Word suneídhsiç /conscientia and related forms in ancient Greek literature. One of the findings of this comparison is that Augustine’s basic understanding of conscientia in the moral sense was remarkably similar to those early occurrences.

scholarly journals The Five Ancient Criteria of Democracy: The Apotheosis of Equality

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Gregory T. Papanikos
Keyword(s):  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Athenian Democracy ◽  
Ancient Athens ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ancient Greek Literature ◽  
Advanced Democracies

Democracy in ancient Athens was different from what is implemented today even in the most advanced democracies. To evaluate this difference, this paper presents five criteria of democracy and then applies them to ancient Athens and modern advanced democracies. In comparison and according to five criteria, modern democracies are inferior to what the eligible citizens of Ancient Athens enjoyed. The ancient Greek literature on the subject has identified five criteria of democracy which neither today nor in ancient times were fully satisfied. The democracy today satisfies some but not all five criteria. This was also true for the ancient (Athenian) democracy. They differ in which criteria they satisfied. Of course, each criterion is fulfilled to a certain extent and this may differentiate modern from ancient democracy. These issues are discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals To πρόβλημα των αξιών στο μάθημα της κοινωνικής και πολιτικής αγωγής

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Απόστολος Κατσίμπρας
Keyword(s):  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Political Education ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Global Citizen ◽  
Political Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Over Time

The present work aims to highlight the characteristics and the identity of the citizen, the personality of both the learner - citizen, whose development is viewed as a central goal of the subject of the Social and Political Education, and the teacher – citizen, who teaches the specific subject. It is widely acknowledged that the subject of Social and Political Education plays a critical role in the shaping of the thinking person and the reflective citizen. For this reason, nowadays, both in the field of Europe and at an international level, special scientists are engaged in research about the political education of the European citizen and the global citizen whereas there is growing interest, worldwide, in the ways in which curricula and syllabi can promote citizenship by shaping the character, the conduct, the thoughts and the attitudes of the student, the citizen of the future. In the century of the “clash of values”, ideological confusion and loose policy, this is undoubtedly a difficult undertaking. Value formation should penetrate all school subjects and especially the subject of the Social and Political Education, which gets straight to the core of the problem, as it deals with the attitudes and views of the citizen, as well as matters of conduct and citizenship. It is often said that values change over time and from one society to another. However, these are only surface-level changes, as the essence of values remains unchanged over time. Ancient Greek literature deals primarily with values, namely ethical and political values. One of the purposes of this thesis is to search for the aforementioned values, to examine the reasons why these values are being challenged, and explore the prospects for their renegotiation. Seen in this light, this dissertation is built around three main axes: 1) the specification of values in the Ancient Greek world, 2) the social and political education of adults, which ensures the transmission and processing of these values, and 3) the ways in which the shaping of the reflective and thinking citizen can be achieved through transformative learning.

Without the Power to Drink or Contract

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-48
Author(s):  
Warren Swain
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Over Time

Intoxication as a ground to set aside a contract is not something that has proved to be easy for the law to regulate. This is perhaps not very surprising. Intoxication is a temporary condition of varying degrees of magnitude. Its presence does however raise questions of contractual autonomy and individual responsibility. Alcohol consumption is a common social activity and perceptions of intoxication and especially alcoholism have changed over time. Roman law is surprisingly quiet on the subject. In modern times the rules about intoxicated contracting in Scottish and English law is very similar. Rather more interestingly the law in these two jurisdictions has reached the current position in slightly different ways. This history can be traced through English Equity, the works of the Scottish Institutional writers, the rise of the Will Theory, and all leavened with a dose of judicial pragmatism.

The Devil's Tabernacle

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Ossa-Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Early Modernity ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Ancient Religion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Identity ◽  
European Thought ◽  
The Devil ◽  
Huge Variety

This is the first book to examine in depth the intellectual and cultural impact of the oracles of pagan antiquity on modern European thought. The book shows how the study of the oracles influenced, and was influenced by, some of the most significant developments in early modernity, such as the Christian humanist recovery of ancient religion, confessional polemics, Deist and libertine challenges to religion, antiquarianism and early archaeology, Romantic historiography, and spiritualism. The book examines the different views of the oracles since the Renaissance—that they were the work of the devil, or natural causes, or the fraud of priests, or finally an organic element of ancient Greek society. The range of discussion on the subject, as he demonstrates, is considerably more complex than has been realized before: hundreds of scholars, theologians, and critics commented on the oracles, drawing on a huge variety of intellectual contexts to frame their beliefs. A central chapter interrogates the landmark dispute on the oracles between Bernard de Fontenelle and Jean-François Baltus, challenging Whiggish assumptions about the mechanics of debate on the cusp of the Enlightenment. With erudition and an eye for detail, the book argues that, on both sides of the controversy, to speak of the ancient oracles in early modernity was to speak of one's own historical identity as a Christian.

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