scholarly journals To πρόβλημα των αξιών στο μάθημα της κοινωνικής και πολιτικής αγωγής

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Απόστολος Κατσίμπρας
Keyword(s):  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Political Education ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Global Citizen ◽  
Political Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Over Time

The present work aims to highlight the characteristics and the identity of the citizen, the personality of both the learner - citizen, whose development is viewed as a central goal of the subject of the Social and Political Education, and the teacher – citizen, who teaches the specific subject. It is widely acknowledged that the subject of Social and Political Education plays a critical role in the shaping of the thinking person and the reflective citizen. For this reason, nowadays, both in the field of Europe and at an international level, special scientists are engaged in research about the political education of the European citizen and the global citizen whereas there is growing interest, worldwide, in the ways in which curricula and syllabi can promote citizenship by shaping the character, the conduct, the thoughts and the attitudes of the student, the citizen of the future. In the century of the “clash of values”, ideological confusion and loose policy, this is undoubtedly a difficult undertaking. Value formation should penetrate all school subjects and especially the subject of the Social and Political Education, which gets straight to the core of the problem, as it deals with the attitudes and views of the citizen, as well as matters of conduct and citizenship. It is often said that values change over time and from one society to another. However, these are only surface-level changes, as the essence of values remains unchanged over time. Ancient Greek literature deals primarily with values, namely ethical and political values. One of the purposes of this thesis is to search for the aforementioned values, to examine the reasons why these values are being challenged, and explore the prospects for their renegotiation. Seen in this light, this dissertation is built around three main axes: 1) the specification of values in the Ancient Greek world, 2) the social and political education of adults, which ensures the transmission and processing of these values, and 3) the ways in which the shaping of the reflective and thinking citizen can be achieved through transformative learning.

Human Creation, Imagination and Autonomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (37) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Theofanis Tassis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Greek World

During the last decade Castoriadis’ questioning has become a reference point in contemporary social theory. In this article I examine some of the key notions in Castoriadis’ work and explore how he strives to develop a theory on the irreducible creativity in the radical imagination of the individual and in the institution of the social-historical sphere. Firstly, I briefly discuss his conception of modem capitalism as bureaucratic capitalism, a view initiated by his criticism of the USSR regime. The following break up with Marxist theory and his psychoanalytic interests empowered him to criticize Lacan and read Freud in an imaginative, though unorthodox, fashion. I argue that this criticai enterprise assisted greatly Castoriadis in his conception of the radical imaginary and in his unveiling of the political aspects of psychoanalysis. On the issue of the radical imaginary and its methodological repercussions, I’m focusing mainly on the radical imagination o f the subject and its importance in the transition from the “psychic” to the “subject”. Taking up the notion of “Being” as a starting point, I examine the notion of autonomy, seeking its roots in the ancient Greek world. By looking at notions such as “praxis”, “doing”, “project” and “elucidation”, I show how Castoriadis sought to redefine revolution as a means for social and individual autonomy. Finally I attempt to clarify the meaning of “democracy” and “democratic society” in the context of the social imaginary and its creations, the social imaginary significations.

scholarly journals Greek Music

1913 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
J. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Vocal Music ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Modern Mind ◽  
Minute Interval ◽  
The Subject

The general conviction that the true nature of ancient Greek music is practically incomprehensible in modern times arises from many causes, of which the most potent are:—1. That hitherto all explanations have been based on the extant formal treatises, which deal either with the decadent elaborations of solo cithara-playing, or the purely theoretical calculations of the self-styled Pythagorean school, which latter professedly despised the actual performance of music.2. The attempts to elucidate the subject make no allowance for the fact that the extant specimens of noted music extend over a period of at least eight centuries, and no one explanation is likely to fit either the whole of these or the casual references to music to be found in general Greek literature.3. Thanks mainly to Aristoxenus, the modern mind has become so permeated by the quarter-tone theory of the enharmonic genus, that even so simple a record as the celebrated Euripides fragment has been generally interpreted as involving this minute interval. The arguments against this theory, at least as regards vocal music, are weighty and almost conclusive; but their full development requires more space than is available here.

scholarly journals Women's Commensality in the Ancient Greek World

1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Burton
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Female Side ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Greek World ◽  
Broad Generalization ◽  
Over Time

Dining and drinking rituals in the ancient world have been the subject of much recent discussion, and the significance of these rituals, particularly for males, has been extensively studied. Scholars have often slighted the topic of women's part in the history of ancient Greek dining and drinking parties, however, and the broad generalization ‘Citizen women were never present at Greek symposia’ is not uncommon. Admittedly, women other than hetairai, slaves, hired entertainers, etc., are not conspicuous in the evidence from which we must draw our history of ancient Greek symposia. The evidence, however, both written and visual, was created and preserved predominantly by males. Also, the view that there was a fairly narrow participation of women often seems based largely on evidence taken from fifth and fourth century B.C. Athens. Yet the roles of women at Greek dining and drinking partieschanged over time and place. This paper provides a survey, with examples, of the variety of women's dining occasions from the Homeric through to the Hellenistic age. The aim of this survey is to emphasize the value of paying closer attention to the female side of wining and dining in our discussions of occasions of commensality in the ancient Greek world.

Children's recollections of traumatic and nontraumatic events

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBYN FIVUSH
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Trauma Memory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Over Time

Whereas the social and emotional consequences of childhood trauma are well documented, less is known about how young children understand, represent, and remember traumatic experiences. A review of the literature indicates striking similarities in the development of young children's ability to recall traumatic and nontraumatic events. More specifically, events experienced before the age of about 18 months do not seem to be verbally accessible; events experienced between about 18 months and 2.5–3 years are reported in fragmentary fashion and seem to be prone to increasing error over time. From about age 3 years on, children can give reasonably coherent accounts of their past experiences and can retain these memories over long durations. The ways in which children are able to participate in conversations about events as they are occurring and in retrospect seems to play a critical role in their developing event memories. Implications of the empirical data for understanding trauma memory in childhood are discussed.

scholarly journals Foreign psychology studies of envy: a breef overview on main approaches and perspectives of studying in a cross-cultural aspect

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
E.V. Matusevich ◽  
T.V. Kochetova
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Main Mechanism ◽  
Cultural Aspect ◽  
Psychological Phenomenon ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Over Time

In this article envy is considered as a complex psychological phenomenon that has a structure and at least four aspects of which can be represented in a study: dynamic, pithful, structural and cross-cultural. It is emphasized that the main mechanism of the actualization of this psychological phenomenon is social comparison, as a result of which the subject feels and realizes his or someone else's superiority. Person can be fully aware of envy, but, at an unconscious level, it can, as a basis of the activity motives, provoke him to act. Forms of experiencing envy as a feeling are individual, they can change and transform over time, depending on what is valuable to the person at the moment. At the same time, envy is an unavoidable element of the social life of a person; it can perform an important function in the adaptation of a person in society.

scholarly journals ANCIENT DEBATES ON AUTARKEIA AND OUR GLOBAL IMPASSE

Phronimon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Philip Bosman
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Restricted Form ◽  
Conflicting Demands ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
City State ◽  
Social Units

The notion of self-sufficiency (Greek autarkeia) is gaining prominence in the context of probably the most pressing dilemma of our times, namely that of the conflicting demands of economic growth and ecological sustainability. Within this controversy, self-sufficiency is promoted as a viable counter-ideal to rampant consumerism. This article presents a survey of the use of the notion in ancient Greek literature of the classical era, in order to show that, by itself, autarkeia does not present a simple solution, due to the variety in its ancient usage. While the Greeks of archaic and classical times widely agreed on the desirability of the condition, some interpreted it as being able to fulfil any need that might arise and others as restricting need to the bare minimum. The notion was furthermore applied to both individual and state. There was no consensus that the individual could in fact reach a state of complete self-sufficiency: the radical but experimental autarkeia of the Cynic sage was admired but nonetheless generally rejected as incompatible to civil society. Consequently, authors of the fourth century transposed autarkeia to the social units of household and city-state, although even here its attainability remained dubious. The notion lived on in the restricted form of the self-sufficiency of virtue in the Stoic pursuit of happiness.

scholarly journals In the Universe of Cassandra: The Ancient Topos of Clairvoyance in the Futuristic World of Minority Report (2002)

Text Matters ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Budzowska
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Melanie Klein ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Minority Report ◽  
Important Character

The figure of Cassandra is well-known from numerous representations in ancient and modern literature as an archetype of a woman who has the power to see the future, but whose visions are not believed. In ancient Greek literature, Cassandra was an important character serving as a prophet of an approaching catastrophe. In her modern adaptations, this figure became a metaphor in psychoanalytical research on human moral behaviour (Melanie Klein and the Cassandra complex) developed in feminist writing. Cassandra has also been of interest to filmmakers, with perhaps the best adaptation of the subject of Cassandra’s clairvoyance being Steven Spielberg’s film Minority Report. Loosely based on Philip K. Dick’s 1956 short story The Minority Report, the plot presents a version of the Cassandra myth, in which a woman together with male twins operate as a group mind to predict future crimes. Their visions are used by the state to prevent the crimes and imprison the would-be criminals. This article offers a thorough analysis of all the ancient and modern features of the metaphor of Cassandra employed in this movie within the overarching framework of the central theme of free will vs. determinism. According to this approach, the central theme is examined with reference to ancient Aristotelian and Stoic moral philosophy, the modern feminist psychoanalysis of Melanie Klein, and the political philosophy and legal issues in the post-9/11 world.

The Anglo-Saxon Elite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Rodrigues da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Intellectual Culture ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Domination ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Over Time

In all of the literature on Anglo-Saxon England, rarely has the question of social class been confronted head-on. This study draws upon recent research into topics such as religious practice, emotions, daily life, and intellectual culture to investigate how the aristocracy of Northumbria maintained social dominance over wider society. Moreover, this monograph suggests that the crisis that brought an end to Northumbria as an independent kingdom was the product of the social contradictions produced by the ruling class as social domination developed over time. The analysis is divided into three broad parts – production, circulation, and consumption – both as a nod to Marxist historiography and also to signal a commitment to a methodology that situates the subject within a global context.

¿Qué tan mala es la conciencia mala de Agustín (mala conscientia)?

Augustinus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-306
Author(s):  
Josef Lössl ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Sense ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Good Conscience ◽  
Ancient Greek Literature

The subject if this article is a brief discussion of the concept of «bad conscience» (mala conscientia) as opposed to «good conscience’ (bona conscientia) in the Works of Augustine, with specific reference to Augustine’s theology of grace. The article considers Augustine’s use of the concept in a wide range of his Works, especially in some sermons and also compares this use with the meaning of the earliest occurrences of the Word suneídhsiç /conscientia and related forms in ancient Greek literature. One of the findings of this comparison is that Augustine’s basic understanding of conscientia in the moral sense was remarkably similar to those early occurrences.

scholarly journals The Five Ancient Criteria of Democracy: The Apotheosis of Equality

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Gregory T. Papanikos
Keyword(s):  
Greek Literature ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Athenian Democracy ◽  
Ancient Athens ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ancient Greek Literature ◽  
Advanced Democracies

Democracy in ancient Athens was different from what is implemented today even in the most advanced democracies. To evaluate this difference, this paper presents five criteria of democracy and then applies them to ancient Athens and modern advanced democracies. In comparison and according to five criteria, modern democracies are inferior to what the eligible citizens of Ancient Athens enjoyed. The ancient Greek literature on the subject has identified five criteria of democracy which neither today nor in ancient times were fully satisfied. The democracy today satisfies some but not all five criteria. This was also true for the ancient (Athenian) democracy. They differ in which criteria they satisfied. Of course, each criterion is fulfilled to a certain extent and this may differentiate modern from ancient democracy. These issues are discussed in this paper.

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