The Structure Of Urban Politics In The English Civil War

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Howell
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
English Civil War ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Political Role ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City ◽  
Significant Factors

To many seventeenth century observers, the political role of towns in the English Civil War was clear enough. Clarendon, for example, referred to the “great towns and corporations, where besides the natural malignity, the factious lecturers and emissaries from the Parliament had poisoned the affections.” Thomas Hobbes was even more specific: “The City of London and other great towns of trade, having in admiration the prosperity of the Low Countries after they had revolted from their monarch the king of Spain were inclined to think that the like change of government here would to them produce the like prosperity.” In similar fashion, the anonymous author of the 1648 tract Persecutio Undecima saw the commercial interests of the urban areas, especially London, as one of the significant factors in the calling of the Long Parliament and the subsequent outbreak of war.

The Royal College of Physicians of London and Its Support of the Parliamentary Cause in the English Civil War

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Joseph Birken
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Royal College ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
English Civil War ◽  
Political Expediency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Professions ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City

In the mélange of conflicting theories on the origins of the English Civil War, a number of English social groups have received scrupulous attention. Storms have brewed over the gentry, the aristocracy, and more recently, “the middle sort of people” in town and countryside. Even the rural peasantry, traditionally neglected by historians, have not been overlooked in the most recent debates. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the English professional classes although studies of the clerical and legal professions have been forthcoming of late. Perhaps worst served of all in the ongoing war of scholars has been the English medical profession. The recent historiography on English physicians and their relationship to the Civil War can be briefly summarized.The little work that has been done on professional physicians revolves almost exclusively around the fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians of London. In 1964, in a distinguished history of the college, Sir George Clark suggested that the fellowship probably leaned to the royalist cause, but out of political expediency accommodated itself to the reality of parliament's power in the City of London. Referring to the events of 1642 and 1643, Clark wrote:The College as a body could not have done anything for the King if it had wished to. In London this authority was ended and if the College was to perform its duties there it had no choice but to recognize the de facto rulers..

scholarly journals Urban Populism and Politics (Study on Public Space Governance in Pangkalpinang City)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-301
Author(s):  
Naddya Desteni
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
City Government ◽  
City Area ◽  
The City

Physical development of public spaces was one of the priority programs during the Molen-Sopian administration as Mayor and Deputy Mayor of Pangkalpinang for the period 2018-2023. The availability of public space in urban areas refers to the provisions for the distribution of the proportion of Green Open Space (RTH), namely 20% Public Green Open Space (RTH) and 10% Private Green Open Space (RTH). The City Government of Pangkalpinang is faced with the dynamics of urban politics which are colored by pros and cons issues related to the development of public spaces in Pangkalpinang City. This study aims to determine the role of the Pangkalpinang City government in striving for the arrangement and management of public space in the Pangkalpinang City area as well as exploring the factors that influence the implementation process. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the availability of public space in the form of Green Open Space (RTH) in Pangkalpinang City has not reached the minimum target required in accordance with the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW), which is 20% of the city area. The role of the Pangkalpinang City government in striving for the arrangement and management of public spaces in Pangkalpinang City includes regulators, facilitators, executors and dynamists. In the process of structuring and managing this public space, there are also three factors that influence, namely political will, the role of third parties, and budget availability.

Contesting the City

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian D. Liddy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Politics ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Urban Citizenship ◽  
Town Government ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City

The political narrative of late medieval English towns is often reduced to the story of the gradual intensification of oligarchy, in which power was exercised and projected by an ever smaller ruling group over an increasingly subservient urban population. This book takes its inspiration not from English historiography, but from a more dynamic continental scholarship on towns in the southern Low Countries, Germany, and France. Its premise is that scholarly debate about urban oligarchy has obscured contemporary debate about urban citizenship. It identifies from the records of English towns a tradition of urban citizenship, which did not draw upon the intellectual legacy of classical models of the ‘citizen’. This was a vernacular citizenship, which was not peculiar to England, but which was present elsewhere in late medieval Europe. It was a citizenship that was defined and created through action. There were multiple, and divergent, ideas about citizenship, which encouraged townspeople to make demands, to assert rights, and to resist authority. This book exploits the rich archival sources of the five major towns in England—Bristol, Coventry, London, Norwich, and York—in order to present a new picture of town government and urban politics over three centuries. The power of urban governors was much more precarious than historians have imagined. Urban oligarchy could never prevail—whether ideologically or in practice—when there was never a single, fixed meaning of the citizen.

Role of Entrepreneurship in Networked Indian Economy

2015 ◽  
pp. 36-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Network Operator ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Networked Economy ◽  
The City

Historically, all societies may have a constant supply of entrepreneurial activity, but that activity is distributed unevenly. Urban areas are favourable for innovative entrepreneurship, as a result of economies of density and the opportunities created by the city as a nucleus of a broader network. Thus, a modem entrepreneur tends to become increasingly a network operator and manager. The purpose of this chapter is to contribute to our understanding on entrepreneurship in networked economy of India; thereto the literature is summarized from the perspective of geographical seedbed conditions and network constellations. It focuses on the role played by small firms and entrepreneurship. The constraints are identified, and the areas that need action are highlighted. It is also suggested that in the age of liberalization and globalization, any attempt at creation of a competitive environment in the country would need to explicitly note the emerging global production and knowledge networks.

scholarly journals PROTESTANT MILITARY HUMANISM IN EARLY STUART IRELAND

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ALAN ORR
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Civilizing Mission ◽  
Civic Values ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
Strong Commitment ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article addresses the role of Protestant military humanism in early Stuart Ireland. The central argument is that Protestant military humanism as embodied in the works of such authors as Geoffrey Gates (fl. 1566–80) and Barnabe Rich (1541–1617) played a vital role in the Jacobean plantation of Ulster. These authors combined a strong commitment to the Protestant religion with the conviction that martial virtue was essential for the preservation of the commonwealth against the threats of domestic rebellion and foreign domination. The example of the soldier-planter Sir Thomas Phillips of Limavady (c. 1560–1636) and his criticisms of the City of London's plantation in Derry during the 1620s demonstrates that military humanist values not only offered a persuasive rationale for colonization, but also significantly shaped the course of plantation on the ground. Phillips's lengthy conflict with the City of London demonstrated a fundamental disjuncture between his own Protestant military humanist outlook, and the City's own understanding of its civilizing mission in Ireland; however, rather than a conflict between aristocratic and civic values, close study reveals instead a struggle grounded in competing hierarchies of civic values.

The Role of Provide Survice Small Town in Rural–Urban Linkages for Sustainable Development: A case of rural-urban linkage of Malda district, West Bengal, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Saha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The City

Rural–urban linkages play a fundamental role in the generation of service, development, health treatment and wealth. Yet, for various reasons the importance of such linkages is not recognized and thus unnoticed in rural economic and trade policies. The present paper investigates infrastructure problem, institutional constraints and dependency rural area on near rural service trade barriers that tend to discourage linkages between rural and urban areas and thus prevent a process of rural empowerment and economic development. The findings of our review indicate that clustering rural and urban areas into regional planning units may create the necessary enabling environment for extensive trade networks and knowledge switch over between the city and the neighbor rural-side. As such, stronger rural–urban linkages could also play a crucial role in fulfill rural areas demand in developing countries.

Role of Advection on the Evolution of Near-Surface Temperature and Wind in Urban-Aware Simulations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallav Ray ◽  
Haochen Tan ◽  
Mukul Tewari ◽  
James Brownlee ◽  
R. S. Ajayamohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Horizontal Advection ◽  
The City

AbstractThe role of advection of heat and momentum on the evolution of near-surface temperature and wind is evaluated in urban-aware simulations over Houston under dry conditions on a light-wind day. Two sets of experiments, each consisting of four simulations using different planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes, were conducted over 48 hours using the default urban scheme (BULK) and the single-layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) available within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. We focus on understanding and quantifying the role played by temperature and momentum advection, particularly on the windward and leeward sides of the city. Previous studies have largely ignored any quantitative analysis of impacts from the advection of momentum over an urban area.The horizontal advection of temperature was found to be more important in the BULK because of the larger surface temperature gradient caused by warmer surface temperatures over urban areas than in the SLUCM. An analysis of the momentum budget shows that horizontal advection of zonal and meridional momentum plays a prominent role during the period of peak near-surface winds, and this effect is more pronounced in the windward side of the city. The local tendency in peak winds in the leeward side lags that in the windward side by about 1-2 hours, similar to the lag found in horizontal momentum advection. The sensitivity of the results to different urban and PBL schemes was explored. The results imply that representation and influence of land-use patterns via sophisticated urban parameterizations generates locally driven winds that best resemble observations.

The puritan piety of members of the Long Parliament

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
G. S. S. Yule
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
English Civil War ◽  
Religious Conviction ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Social Concerns

Although most historians of the English Civil War pay lip service to Puritanism as one of its main ingredients, as a matter of fact, the analysis of religious conviction is rarely undertaken except, perhaps, in regard to the ministers. How deeply Puritanism impinged on the laity is either ignored or treated in an imprecise fashion or explained as rationalisation of deeper economic or social concerns. The Whig historians, who coined the phrase ‘Puritan Revolution’, really see Puritanism playing a general political role, leading to toleration, with the advanced exponents of liberty, like Cromwell, or as causing the opposition to clerical episcopal tyranny in the case of people like Prynne. Even so careful an historian as W. A. Shaw fails completely to understand Pym’s use of biblical imagery and, I think, basically underplays the religiosity of the Parliament men.

scholarly journals The Political Role of Women in the City of Santri, Situbondo (Overview of Political Communication)

2019 ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Nur Ainiyah
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
The Political ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
The City

This study aims to show how the role of women's political communication in the city of santri (a student in Islamic boarding school) in facing political power that is dominated by men in Situbondo. It becomes a development in women's political communication in a practical and scientific manner. The reality of the political climate in Situbondo is inseparable from the influence of the kyai as religious and cultural figures, so each of his political perceptions and views certainly has its own perspective and far from gender justice. Consequently, this affects the political space for female santri in Situbondo. In this research, building theoretical interconnections from building theoretical frameworks used such as political communication, gender analysis and phenomenology, related to the focus of research. With a qualitative-explorative research approach, several steps in the procedure of collecting observational data, interviews and documentation are applied consistently and continuously. The results of the research are firstly Santri woman has a political outlook with the benefit of minimizing conflict; secondly cultural barriers as a medium of political communication are effectively overcome by female santri. Besides, female santri tend to override political choices by preferring the political choices of the figures they envision for benefit purposes.

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