Host and Soil Fumigation Effects on Spore Population Densities of Species of Endogonaceous Mycorrhizal Fungi

Mycologia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-C. McGraw ◽  
James W. Hendrix
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Spore Population

Relationship of mycorrhizal activity to time following reclamation of surface mine land in western Kentucky. I. Propagule and spore population densities

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann B. Gould ◽  
James W. Hendrix ◽  
Richard S. Ferriss
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Edaphic Factors ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Surface Mine ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Spore Population ◽  
Mine Sites ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Western Kentucky

The relationships between estimates of mycorrhizal activity, time following reclamation, and soil edaphic factors were investigated over a period of 2.5 years during reclamation of five abandoned surface mine sites in western Kentucky. These sites were reclaimed at different times and were in varying stages of revegetation. At the seeding stage of reclamation and soon thereafter, propagule and spore population densities were low but invariably present. Roots recovered from minespoil during this period were not colonized, and colonization was not observed until a full year following reclamation. During the first 2 years following reclamation, colonization of roots, population densities of propagules and spores, and total spore volume increased rapidly. Thereafter, vegetative and mycorrhizal parameters appeared to stabilize. Each estimate of mycorrhizal activity in minespoil was highly correlated with time following reclamation and all other mycorrhizal parameters. Edaphic factors with positive relationships to mycorrhizal propagule and spore population densities included soil organic matter and calcium. Keywords: Glomales mycorrhizal fungi, reclamation, abandoned minespoil, most probable number, propagule population density.

Soil pH-induced changes in root colonization, diversity, and reproduction of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from healthy and declining maple forests

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1543-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P Coughlan ◽  
Yolande Dalpé ◽  
Line Lapointe ◽  
Yves Piché
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizas ◽  
Fungal Community Composition ◽  
Spore Population

Acer saccharum Marsh. (sugar maple) is one of only few arbuscular mycorrhizal trees to form extensive stands in northern temperate biomes. Recent maple decline could result from altered intensity and quality of root colonization by associated mycobionts or possible shifts in symbiotic fungal community composition following environmental stresses. In this study the effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of soil acidification, one of several proposed causal stresses underlying forest decline, and remedial liming were investigated under glasshouse conditions. Acer saccharum seedlings were grown in unsterilized, pH altered, forest soils from healthy and declining maple stands. Over a range of treatment pHs normally tolerated by A. saccharum, fungal populations and responses to pH changes differed between the two soils. The declining site with more acidic soil had an initially larger spore population but lower taxonomic diversity than the healthy site. However, liming stimulated sporulation of several taxa initially apparently absent from the declining site spore population. The quantity of colonization generally increased with pH for both sites. Five Glomus taxa and Scutellospora calospora (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Sanders are added to the list of fungi known to form arbuscular mycorrhizas with A. saccharum, and the known range of Acaulospora cavernata Blaszkowski is extended from Poland to eastern North America.

Concentrations of K, Ca and Mg in maize colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under field conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liu ◽  
C. Hamel ◽  
A. Elmi ◽  
C. Costa ◽  
B. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil

Little attention has been paid to the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the uptake of nutrients that move mainly by mass flow. The objective of this study was to assess the possible contribution of indigenous AM fungi to the K, Ca and Mg nutrition of maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by soil P levels and its impact on plant dry mass. The field experiment had a split plot design with four replicates. Treatments included soil fumigation status (fumigation and non-fumigation) and three levels of P fertilization (0, 60 and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1) in a loamy sand soil in 1997 and a fine sandy loam soil in 1998. Soil fumigati on with Basamid® was used to suppress indigenous AM fungi. Plants were sampled at four different growth stages (6-leaf stage, 10-leaf stage, tasseling and silking). Soil fumigation decreased shoot dry weight, but P fertilization increased shoot dry weight at most sampling times. When no P fertilizer was added, fumigation in the loamy sand soil reduced shoot K and Ca concentrations while, in contrast, in the fine sandy loam soil only Mg concentration was reduced by soil fumigation. The concentration of K in maize shoots was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with extraradicular hyphal length in both soils. The correlation between the abundance of extraradicular hyphae and the concentrations of Ca and Mg in maize shoots was significant only for soils where available Ca or Mg was relatively low. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could increase corn biomass production and K, Ca and Mg uptake in soil low in these elements and low in P. These results indicate that the contribution of mycorrhizae to maize K, Ca and Mg nutrition can be significant in a field situation and that the extent of this contribution depends on the availability of these nutrients and of P in soils. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soil fumigation, extraradicular hyphae, uptake of K, Ca, and Mg, soil P levels, maize

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal fungi Glomus spp. propagation in zeolite enriched with mycorrhiza helper bacteria for controlling nematode in coffee

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
I N Asyiah ◽  
R Hindersah ◽  
R Harni ◽  
B N Fitriatin ◽  
W Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Maize Seedling ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Glomus Spp ◽  
Spore Population ◽  
Pseudomonas Diminuta ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Liquid Inoculant

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a role in suppressing the nematode Pratylenchus coffeae. Mycorrhizal helper bacteria (MHB) can increase the effectiveness of AMF to control the diseases. The experimental purpose was to increase the spore population of AMF Glomus spp. in zeolite-based formulation inoculated with liquid consortia of Pseudomonas diminuta and Bacillus subtilis as MHB. The experimental design was a completely random design with six treatments consisted of 106, 107, 108, and 109 CFU/mL MHB liquid inoculants. The control treatments were water and 2% molasses. All treatments were replicated four times. A total of 300 mL/pot Liquid inoculant of MHB have been inoculated a three day before transplanting the maize seedling to the Zeolite inoculated with Glomus spp. in the pot. One month after MHB inoculation, Glomus formulation in Zeolite with different levels of MHB increased the degree of infection. Three months after MHB inoculation, spore content in Zeolite increased. The density of P. diminuta and B. subtilis in zeolite-based mycorrhizal inoculant increased at the end of the experiment. Liquid inoculant MHB contained 108 CFU/mL enhanced spora number fourth times compared to the control. This experiment suggests that P. diminuta and B. subtilis were effective to increase the spore density of AMF inoculant.

scholarly journals Influence of fungicide and fertilizer amendments on mycorrhizal association in Quiona (Chenopodium quinoa. Willd.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 373-384
Author(s):  
Prashan thisandepogu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Soil Factor ◽  
Cultivated Soil ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Va Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spore Population

Effect of soil factor like alkaline cultivated versus saline non-cultivated soil, fertilization with organic (PYM) and inorganic (DAP) manure and addition of fungicides (Bavistin + Thiram, Difolatan and Thiram) on indigenous VA mycorrhizal fungi was examined in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). DAP in combination with Bavistin + Thiram enhanced the spore population ad decreased mycorrhizal formation. FYM in combination with Difolatan enhanced both. Adverse effects of fungicides were nullified by fertilizers. Activity of Glomus was enhanced in the presence of DAP and Gigaspora was favoured by FYM.

scholarly journals Delivery of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungus Spores via Seed Coating with Biodegradable Binders for Enhancement of the Spores Viability and Their Beneficial Properties in Maize

Akta Agrosia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marwanto Marwanto ◽  
Hendri Bustaman ◽  
Merakati Handajaningsih ◽  
Supanjani Supanjani ◽  
Bambang Gonggo Murcitro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Spore Population ◽  
Experimental Treatments

biodegradable polymer such as PVA is considered the most promising candidates for developing the sustainable sticker. The objective of this study was to determine the most suitable PVA + TS blends as adhesives agent for AMF spores inoculation via seed coating which can enhance the spores viability and their beneficial properties in maize. The polythene bag experiment was performed in a screen house of the Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu Indonesia in 2015. Six adhesive blends were employed: 100% PVA + 0% TS, 75% PVA + 25% TS, 50% PVA + 50% TS, 25% PVA + 75% TS, 0% PVA + 100% TS, and no coating. The six experimental treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results show that root colonization, AMF spore population, and shoot dry weight in 75% PVA + 25% TS were equal to those in 100% PVA. Root colonization, AMF spore population, shoot P content, and shoot P concentration were greater for 50% PVA + 50% TS than 100% PVA, 100% TS, and no coating. A mixture of 50% PVA + 50% TS was considered the preferred sticker. Thus, the tapioca starch can be used to substitute 25 - 50% of the PVA used without reducing AMF inoculant adhering to seed.Keywords: polymeric seed coating, seed coating formulation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, sustainable coating adhesive, seed inoculation, seed inoculant

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi from the rhizospheric soil of some medicinal plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2459-2467
Author(s):  
Dhritiman Chanda ◽  
Madhumita Dey
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Spore Population

The present investigation was carried out to estimate the colony forming units of indigenous fungi and to study the diversity and Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) of some medicinal plants. The study was also aimed to estimate and isolate the Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spore population from the rhizospheric soil of some important medicinal plants from the Botanical garden of College campus. All the selected medicinal plants i.e., Mentha sp. Ocimum sanctum, Bryophyllum sp. Adhatoda vasica, and Andrographis paniculata showed a very good diversity of rhizospheric soil fungi. The highest number of Colony forming unit (c.f.u) was estimated in Mentha sp (162/10-1) followed by Bryophyllum sp. (156/10-1), Andrographis paniculata (91/10-1), Adhatoda vasica (72/10-1) and Ocimum sanctum (68/10-1). Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spore population was also estimated in all the medicinal plants. The higest number of AM spores was estimated in Andrographis paniculata (121/50gm-1) followed by Ocimum sanctum (112/50gm-1), Adhatoda vasica (94/50gm-1), Bryophyllum sp.(89/50gm-1) and Mentha sp (75/ 50gm-1). The rhizospheric soil fungal diversity including mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus sp.) also was found to be beneficial for increasing the photosynthetic activity and uptake of phosphorus in medicinal plants. Thus, the use of AM inoculum can increase the yield of medicinal plants along with their secondary metabolites to utilize on a sustainable basis as a traditional and herbal medicine for the human welfare.

scholarly journals Influence of Flooding on the Survival of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Delowara Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Flooded Soil ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
The Status ◽  
Spore Population ◽  
Flooded Area ◽  
Keywords Arbuscular Mycorrhiza

A study was conducted for two consecutive years (2004-2005 and 2005-2006) at Ullapara, Shirajgonj particularly in onion growing flooded area to know the status of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) in flooded soil. Twenty farmers were selected for two years who cultivated onion in their fields after flood. Soil samples were collected just after removing of flood water. Again rhizosphere soils with roots of onion were collected from the same plots. After assessment of these samples, two years' results indicate that there is a plenty of AM spores in flooded soil. It proves their ability to survive in flooded condition and after flooding heavy colonization in onion roots was observed. Higher spore population was also recorded from the rhizosphere soils of onion. Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza; flooding; survivabilityDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i2.4872 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 2, December 2008, pp 111-114  

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