A Twin-Tube 50-Kvp Beryllium-Window X-Ray Unit for Microbial Radiobiology

1965 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Loevinger ◽  
Pieter Huisman
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Beryllium Window

Validation of aGeant4model of the X-ray fluorescence microprobe at the Australian Synchrotron

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Richard Dimmock ◽  
Martin Daly de Jonge ◽  
Daryl Lloyd Howard ◽  
Simon Alexander James ◽  
Robin Kirkham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Compton Continuum ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simulation Process ◽  
Beryllium Window ◽  
Spectral Distributions ◽  
Energy Physics

AGeant4Monte Carlo simulation of the X-ray fluorescence microprobe (XFM) end-station at the Australian Synchrotron has been developed. The simulation is required for optimization of the scan configuration and reconstruction algorithms. As part of the simulation process, a Gaussian beam model was developed. Experimental validation of this simulation has tested the efficacy for use of the low-energy physics models inGeant4for this synchrotron-based technique. The observed spectral distributions calculated in the 384 pixel Maia detector, positioned in the standard back-scatter configuration, were compared with those obtained from experiments performed at three incident X-ray beam energies: 18.5, 11.0 and 6.8 keV. The reduced χ-squared (\chi^{2}_{\rm{red}}) was calculated for the scatter and fluorescence regions of the spectra and demonstrates that the simulations successfully reproduce the scatter distributions. Discrepancies were shown to occur in the multiple-scatter tail of the Compton continuum. The model was shown to be particularly sensitive to the impurities present in the beryllium window of the Maia detector and their concentrations were optimized to improve the \chi^{2}_{\rm{red}} parameterization in the low-energy fluorescence regions of the spectra.

XRD Acquisition Parameters for Detection of Weak Peaks

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
P. W. Seabaugh ◽  
D. B. Sullenger ◽  
C. R. Hudgens ◽  
M, C. Nichols ◽  
D. R. Boehme
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Sample Cell ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Backing Plate ◽  
Beryllium Window ◽  
Aluminum Sample ◽  
Cold Rolled

The use of high-intensity, 8Kw, x-ray sources (Rigaku rotating-anode generator and wide - angle goniometer for this study) provides both opportunities and challenges. With high - intensity x-ray sources, detection limits can be lowered significantly while still offering count times of practical duration. On the other hand, the availability of high intensity x-ray sources puts greater demands on information extraction procedures and on the mechanical preciseness of sample containment and support. In particular we addressed the use of a cylindrical aluminum sample cell with a 0.010’’ polycrystalline (cold rolled) beryllium window electron –beam welded to an aluminum frame. See Figure 1. This cell permitted analysis of various air-sensitive specimens. The sample was pressed against the back of the beryllium window by a spring-loaded backing plate.

Effect of X-ray Tube Window Thickness on Detection Limits for Light Elements in XRF Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Whalen ◽  
D. Clark Turner
Keyword(s):  
Light Element ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Beryllium Window ◽  
X Ray Background

Abstract Widespread interest in light element analysis using XRF has stimulated the development of thin x-ray tube windows. Thinner windows enhance the soft x-ray output of the tube, which more efficiently excite the light elements in the sample. A computer program that calculates the effect of window thickness on light element sample fluorescence has been developed. The code uses an NIST algorithm to calculate the x-ray tube spectrum given various tube parameters such as beryllium window thickness, operating voyage, anode composition, and take-off angle. The interaction of the tube radiation with the sample matrix is modelled to provide the primary and secondary fluorescence from the sample. For x-rays in the energy region 30 - 1000 eV the mass attenuation coefficients were interpolated from the photo absorption data compilation of Henke, et al. The code also calculates the x-ray background due to coherent and incoherent scatter from the sample, as well as the contribution of such scatter to the sample fluorescence. Given the sample fluorescence and background the effect of tube window thickness on detection limits for light elements can be predicted.

A Novel Method of Beryllium Window Protection in a Plasma Focus Soft X-Ray Source

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (Part 1, No. 11) ◽  
pp. 3695-3698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Kato ◽  
Isao Ochiai ◽  
Toshihiko Sato ◽  
Seiichi Murayama ◽  
Motoya TAniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Focus ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Beryllium Window ◽  
Novel Method

Development and experimental study of beryllium window for ITER radial X-ray camera

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 3280-3286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxi Chen ◽  
Guangxu Jin ◽  
Kaiyun Chen ◽  
Yebin Chen ◽  
Yuntao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Beryllium Window

X-ray Spectrum from a Beryllium Window Tube: I. Scintillation Spectrometry

1957 ◽  
Vol 30 (350) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. S. Wang ◽  
R. J. Raridon ◽  
Marvin Tidwell
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Beryllium Window
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