Differential Fertility in the East North Central States: A Preliminary Analysis of Unpublished Tabulations from the Family Cards of the 1930 Census

1938 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank W. Notestein
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Differential Fertility ◽  
North Central ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals UNPACKING THE EARLY NEOLITHIC?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Tanya Dzhanfezova ◽  
Chris Doherty ◽  
Nedko Elenski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
North Central ◽  
East Europe ◽  
South East Europe ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Characteristic Features

The preliminary analysis of Early Neolithic pottery from North Central Bulgaria, and the site of Dzhulyunitsa specifically, yielded surprising results which affect a number of aspects related to the study of the Neolithisation processes. Not all characteristic features traditionally considered as key signal of the Neolithisation processes were confirmed by our mineralogical and chemical analysis. A number of specifics related to the presence of engobe for instance, indicate a considerably more complex picture. In some cases the observations show no additional slip, just a simple burnish of the brownish ware, whereas in others a true slip covers both the inner and the outer surface of the vessels (white or cream-slip ware). With regard to the red engobe specifically, the majority of studied fragments actually have just red-colour surface that results from the oxidation or the rubbing of ochre, and not from the addition of a true slip. These observations raise the following question: do we actually compare same technological approaches, traditionally seen as signal for the spread of the Neolithic way of life? Furthermore, as regards the provenance of the vessels, materials expected to have local origin proved to be imported whereas others, seen as more specific and coming from distant territories were actually made on the spot by local row-materials. Even at this stage the preliminary results do not confirm some of the traditional views on this early material, raise a series of new questions and represent a ground for further interpretations and discussions regarding an eventual fragility of some models suggested for the Neolithisation processes in this part of South-East Europe.

The Family of Goals-Achievement Matrix Methods: Respectable Enough for Citizen Participation in Planning?

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Sager
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Matrix Methods ◽  
Differential Fertility ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Evaluation Techniques

This article examines the problems of location and land rent within the framework of a linear and multisector production model in a radioconcentric space. In the case of a single product, the order of the differential fertility and location rent is examined. This order is neither given nor natural, but depends especially on the distribution. Formulating a spatial equilibrium with n goods where several qualities of soil exist raises a number of difficulties. When several techniques are used to manufacture a product then it is shown how different techniques are located in relation to the centre according to prices and the distribution variables. The manner in which a new technique is introduced and spreads in space is also examined. The predominant method used for evaluation in British structure planning compares strategies in terms of their achievement of particular criteria derived from community objectives. A recent survey shows that of the traditional evaluation techniques only modified goals-achievement matrix (GAM) methods are widely used in structure planning. This approach is also applied to local and project oriented planning processes where citizen participation seems even more necessary. The goals-achievement matrix was not presented by its originator—M Hill—as an entirely unambiguous method. It can be interpreted as a set of significantly diverging variants which are used here for three purposes: to show that economists' critique of GAM is too general, to clarify the connections between GAM and other well-known evaluation methods, and to discuss how GAM could best be structured for use in local participatory planning.

Middle Ordovician Echinoderms from Northern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (S7) ◽  
pp. 1-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Kolata
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
North Central ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Family ◽  
Central Illinois ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

Echinoderms of the Middle Ordovician Platteville and lower Galena Groups of north-central Illinois and south-central Wisconsin are represented by at least seven classes including the Homoiostelea, Cystoidea, Crinoidea, Stelleroidea, Edrioasteroidea, Cyclocystoidea, Echinoidea, and possibly Holothuroidea. The most abundant and diverse echinoderms are monocyclic and dicyclic inadunate and camerate crinoids, of which the cupulocrinids and glyptocrinids are best represented. Thirteen new species and one new genus of crinoids are described:Cremacrinus guttenbergensis, Anulocrinus forrestonensis, Isotomocrinus minutus, Carabocrinus oogyi, Dendrocrinus? springeri, Merocrinus britonensis, Cupulocrinus plattevillensis, C. molanderi, Reteocrinus rocktonensis, R. spinosus, Traskocrinus mahlburgi(n. gen. et sp.),Rhaphanocrinus buckleyi, Glyptocrinus charltoni, andG. pustulosis.One new species of rhombiferan cystoid,Coronocystis durandensis, is also described. Echinoids of the family Bothriocidaridae (Bothriocidaris solemin. sp. andNeobothriocidaris templetonin. sp.) are reported for the first time from North America and appear to be the earliest recorded occurrence. Remains of a third bothriocidarid characterized by coalesced podial pores have also been discovered. Light and scanning electron microscopy of well preserved cyclocystoid specimens reveal a number of previously undescribed morphologic features of the central disc and submarginal ring that may shed some light on their functional morphology.Cupulocrinus gracilisRamsbottom from the Upper Drummuck Group Starfish Bed at Thraive Glen near Girvan, Scotland, is here reassigned toC. drummuckensisn. sp.Echinoderms are associated with an abundant and diverse fauna consisting largely of suspension feeders, primarily strophomenid and orthid brachiopods and trepostome and cryptostome bryozoans. Other common groups include corals, trilobites, sponges, and mollusks. Filamentous brown, foliose red and siphonaceous green algae are associated with the fauna at some localities.Carbonate rocks of both the limestone and dolostone facies of the Platteville (Briton, Walgreen and Forreston Members) and lower Galene Groups in the study area consist primarily of abundant shelly invertebrates occurring as whole and broken, unabraded, commonly articulated remains “floating” in a calcisiltite matrix that is highly bioturbated. Carbonate sediments appear to have been deposited in a near-to below wave base, highly stable, open marine environment characterized by low depositional slopes, good circulation and low terrigenous influx.

Notes on winter flies Trichoceridae (Diptera) of Mongolia with description of new species ANDRIUS PETRAŠIŪNAS & SIGITAS PODĖNAS (Lithuania)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3031 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRIUS PETRAŠIŪNAS ◽  
SIGITAS PODĖNAS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Aquatic Insect ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Mongolia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insect Survey ◽  
A New Species

The family of winter flies Trichoceridae is newly recorded for Mongolia. Four species, Trichocera (Metatrichocera) gigantea (Dahl), T. (M.) mackenziei (Dahl), T. (Saltrichocera) regelationis (Linnaeus) and T. (Trichocera) hiemalis (De Geer) are first recorded in Mongolia from sampling during 1996, 2003–2006, 2008. A new species, Trichocera (Saltrichocera) chuluuta, is described from specimens collected during the fieldwork of the Mongolian Aquatic Insect Survey Project in western and north-central Mongolia.

A revision of the southern African family Prototheoridae (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea)

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Ray Davis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Eleven Species

AbstractThe systematics and external morphology of the southern African family Prototheoridae are reviewed. A single genus, Prototheora, is recognized, with the former genus Metatheora synonymized. Eleven species are recognized, including five new species: angolae, biserrata, drackensbergae, geniculata, and merga. In addition, two possibly new species represented only by female specimens are described but not named. A key to the species of Prototheora is provided, as well as a preliminary analysis of their relationships. The family is considered to be one of the most basal lineages in the Hepialoidea and can be partially destinguished from related families by several plesiomorphic characters including the retention of three segmented maxillary palpi (plesiomorphic within Hepialoidea), simple antenna, generalized leg structure with a complete set of tibial spurs (0-2-4), and a single row of abdominal spines on A3-7 of the pupa. Possible synapomorphies involve the lateral sclerotization of the suspensorium and the extreme development of a conjugal process from sternum IX of the female which may lock into a conjugal pouch usually formed by the male trulleum and juxta. The family occurs predominantly within two highly divergent, South African floristic zones, the Capensis, or Fynbos dominated Cape Flora, and the southern Afromontane zone, characterized by mostly temperate, evergreen forests. Most species occur within the Capensis, and all but three (P. angolae from central Angola and P. drackensbergae and parachlora from Natal) are restricted to Cape Province, mostly in or south of the Cape Folded Belt mountain ranges. Their life history remains unknown.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Leaf of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. F.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
Patel B R ◽  
Kavita Kumari ◽  
Shreedevi A ◽  
Shukla V J ◽  
Harisha C R
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prismatic Crystal ◽  
Uv Rays

Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn.f. is a large bush or small tree belonging to the family Verbenaceae. The present study deals with the pharmacognostical and phytochemical study of leaf including chromatographic evaluation. Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn.f. leaf is rhomboid ovate, acute at apex crenate-dentate at margin, sub-cordate at base and  velvety in texture. Leaf of the plant can be identified microscopically by the presence of hooked trichomes, glandular sessile trichomes,  starch grains, oil globules, Anomocytic type of stomata and rhomboidal and prismatic crystal. Preliminary analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, steroid, alkaloids, tannin and phenol. HPTLC study of alkaloid showed the presence of two spots in short and three spots in long UV rays. The information generated by this study provides relevant Pharmacognostical and Physico-chemical data needed for proper identification and authentication of leaf of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn.f.  

scholarly journals A new species of Atrimitra Dall, 1918 (Gastropoda: Mitridae) from seamounts of the recently created Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park, Chile

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8279
Author(s):  
Javier Sellanes ◽  
Richard A. Salisbury ◽  
Jan M. Tapia ◽  
Cynthia M. Asorey
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
North Central ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
The Family ◽  
Western Side ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Insight Into

We describe Atrimitra isolata sp. n. (Gastropoda: Mitridae), collected on the summit of seamounts (~200 m water depth) in the vicinity of Desventuradas Islands, Chile insular territory. Additionally, we provide some insight into the habitat of this new species based on underwater imagery taken with a remotely operated vehicle. A. isolata sp. n. is characterized by its small size (up to 26 mm), elongate-ovate shape, solid shell and smooth appearance. It has a base brown color, with some specimens being tan or yellow. It is morphologically related to counterparts from shallow depths on the west coast of North, Central and South America (i.e., Atrimitra idae, Atrimitra orientalis and Atrimitra semigranosa), but has no affinities with species of the family reported from around Easter Island, on the far western side of the Salas y Gómez ridge (e.g., Strigatella flavocingulata, Imbricariopsis punctata and Neocancilla takiisaoi), or with other Indo-Pacific species. The present contribution adds to the knowledge of the poorly studied fauna of the seamounts in the southern portion of the Nazca ridge and easternmost section of the Sala y Gómez ridge, an area characterized by the high degree of endemism of its benthic fauna, and now protected within the large and newly created Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park.

Molecular delineation of the Agave Red Worm Comadia redtenbacheri  (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4375 (3) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA DEL ROSARIO CÁRDENAS-AQUINO ◽  
NORMA MARINA ALARCÓN-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
MARIO RIVAS-MEDRANO ◽  
HÉCTOR GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
MATEO VARGAS-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
North Central ◽  
East Central ◽  
Extraction Protocol ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coi Sequences

Comadia redtenbacheri (Hammerschmidt) (Agave Red Worm) is the only member of the family Cossidae that has been described as a phytophagous specialist of the plant genus Agave, which is mainly distributed in México. A new extraction protocol adapted from Stewart & Via (1993) has been implemented for sequencing the COI gene from samples collected in five states of the North Central (Querétaro and Zacatecas), South Central (Estado de México) and East Central (Hidalgo and Tlaxcala) regions of México with the purpose of contributing to delineation of the species. A Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree based on these COI sequences as well as COI sequences from other Cossinae species was developed to complement the existing morphological and taxonomic approaches to delineation of this species. As expected, our Comadia samples cluster together within a monophyletic clade that includes four C. redtenbacheri sequences previously reported. This group seems to be consistent with our reconstruction, which is supported by a bootstrap value of over 99%. The closely related branches associated with the latter group include organisms known to be the plant and tree borers of the Cossinae subfamily. The COI sequences from our samples were analyzed to determine the percentage of identity among the C. redtenbacheri in a first attempt to detect differences in the sequence that matches a particular region of México.

scholarly journals Preliminary analysis of fatty acid chemistry of Kindbergia praelonga and Kindbergia stokesii (Brachytheciaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1637-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Pejin ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisic ◽  
Marko Sabovljevic ◽  
Aneta Sabovljevic ◽  
Vele Tesevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Moss species of the family Brachytheciaceae, Kindbergia praelonga (Hedw.) Ochyra and Kindbergia stokesii (Turn.) Ochyra, were preliminary analysed for their fatty acid composition with the aim of studying the chemical relationship of these two entities. Fatty acid methyl esters were examined by GC and GC-MS in their methanol extracts. Thirteen fatty acids were identified. It is likely that the mosses are chemically distinguishable and should be treated as separate entities. However, additional chemical constituents of various moss samples, such as phenolic acids, their derivatives and flavonoids, must be also analyzed in order to support the re-examination of the relationship between these two species.

scholarly journals Morphological evolution of the Muricinae

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 211-211
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Marine Gastropods ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
Spiral Ribbing

The Muricidae constitute a taxonomically and morphologically diverse family of marine gastropods. The subfamily Muricinae is the largest in the family with over 180 Recent species recognized. Modern representatives typically are strongly sculptured and possess pronounced axial thickenings (varices) and varical spines. Early fossil representatives of the subfamily generally do not display the strong ornamentation that is characteristic of more modern forms. A study of Recent and fossil muricines in museum collections was made in order to document quantitatively the morphological evolution of this group. Morphometric data were obtained from oriented photographs, X- radiographs and actual specimens. These data were supplemented with limited measurements made from published plates. A preliminary analysis of these data has revealed the following:1. Neogene and Recent representatives are significantly more ornamented than those of the Cretaceous and Paleogene. Neogene and Recent forms typically have thicker varices and a greater number of well developed varical spines. The diversity of varix and spine morphologies also increases through time. Intervarical nodes also become more developed during the Neogene. A less pronounced trend towards increased spiral ornamentation is also indicated. Similar patterns are observed in both Europe and the western Atlantic and a preliminary analysis of Indo - Pacific fossil taxa suggests that the trend exists in this region as well.2. Although the appearance and diversification of higher taxa contributes to the above pattern (eg. Chicoreus, Murex), similar patterns are also observed within previously existing taxa.3. Elongated siphonal canals become more prevalent in the Neogene, although this pattern is largely the result of the diversification of new higher taxa (eg. Murex, Haustellum, Chicoreus (Siratus)).4. The range of gross shell morphologies described by Raup's coiling parameters increases during the evolution of the subfamily. Taxa with relatively high rates of whorl translation and relatively high whorl expansion rates appear later in the history of the group. However, at the subfamilial level, no obvious directional trend exists and this pattern may be explained as an increase in morphological variance. Nevertheless, the possibility that this pattern is the result of a number of independent unidirectional trends at a lower taxonomic level can not yet be discounted.5. Mean shell size within the family increases during the Cenozoic.6. The Miocene appears to be an interval of increased morphological and taxonomic diversification.Although the function of the diverse sculpture expressed in muricids remains poorly understood, features such as thick varices, spines and spiral ribbing are known to play a role in resisting durophagous predators. Increased size has also been implicated as a means of avoiding predation. It is likely that some varices and spines perform other functions as well and there are indeed morphologies within the Muricidae that do not comfortably fit an anti - predation interpretation. However, the directional patterns of morphological change observed in the Muricinae are broadly consistent with an “arms - race” scenario and strongly suggest that durophagous predation was an important driving force in the morphological evolution of this subfamily.

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