Gender and the Authority of Friars: The Significance of Holy Women for Thirteenth-Century Franciscans and Dominicans

1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Coakley
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Holy Women ◽  
The Way

As some recent historians have argued, the phenomenon of “gender,” that is, the way in which a society or group perceives and articulates difference between the sexes, can provide that society or group with fundamental terms in which to understand itself and explain or justify its actions. Consequently, historical evidence of the way groups or societies have perceived and articulated sexual difference—have constructed gender—may therefore take us beyond matters of sexuality per se to wider revelations about the perceivers' sense of themselves1.

scholarly journals The Ontology, Arrangement, and Appearance of Paradise in Castilian Kabbalah in Light of Contemporary Islamic Traditions from al-Andalus

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Avishai Bar-Asher
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Religious Writing ◽  
Medieval Iberia ◽  
Sudden Appearance ◽  
The Way

This study is a comparative analysis of the appearances of the lower and upper Paradise, their divisions, and the journeys to and within them, which appear in mystical Jewish and Islamic sources in medieval Iberia. Ibn al-‘Arabī’s vast output on the Gardens of divine reward and their divisions generated a number of instructive comparisons to the eschatological and theosophical writing about the same subject in early Spanish Kabbalah. Although there is no direct historical evidence that kabbalists knew of such Arabic works from the region Catalonia or Andalusia, there are commonalities in fundamental imagery and in ontological and exegetical assumptions that resulted from an internalization of similar patterns of thought. It is quite reasonable to assume that these literary corpora, both products of the thirteenth century, were shaped by common sources from earlier visionary literature. The prevalence of translations of religious writing about ascents on high, produced in Castile in the later thirteenth century, can help explain the sudden appearance of visionary literature on Paradise and its divisions in the writings of Jewish esotericists of the same region. These findings therefore enrich our knowledge of the literary, intellectual, and creative background against which these kabbalists were working when they chose to depict Paradise in the way that they did, at the time that they did.

Islamic Monuments as Christian Trophies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Urquízar-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Medieval Chronicles ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Rodrigo Jimenez De Rada ◽  
The Way

Chapter 3 approaches the notion of trophy through historical accounts of the Christianization of the Córdoba and Seville Islamic temples in the thirteenth-century and the late-fifteenth-century conquest of Granada. The first two examples on Córdoba and Seville are relevant to explore the way in which medieval chronicles (mainly Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada and his entourage) turned the narrative of the Christianization of mosques into one of the central topics of the restoration myth. The sixteenth-century narratives about the taking of the Alhambra in Granada explain the continuity of this triumphal reading within the humanist model of chorography and urban eulogy (Lucius Marineus Siculus, Luis de Mármol Carvajal, and Francisco Bermúdez de Pedraza).

scholarly journals Violencia y masculinidad en México: el caso del homicidio en la juventud (Violence and masculinity in Mexico: the case of homicide in youth)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-534
Author(s):  
Ricardo Rodríguez Luna
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
Excessive Number ◽  
The Way

En esta investigación se indaga en torno a posibles vínculos entre el género, la edad y la violencia implícita en los homicidios que acontecen en México. En primer lugar, a partir de diversos registros estadísticos, se esboza el grado de responsabilidad penal y de victimización de los hombres jóvenes ante dicho ilícito. En segundo lugar, se analiza la manera como diversas corrientes criminológicas han explicado la problemática antes comentada; es decir, cómo han tenido en cuenta el género masculino y la edad o, más específicamente, las masculinidades y la juventud. Al respecto, se plantea la visión aportada desde el enfoque positivista, el sociológico y de la diferencia sexual. En tercer lugar, y para finalizar, desde esta última perspectiva se cuestionan las estrategias preventivas que el gobierno mexicano ha puesto en marcha para evitar la sobremortalidad masculina en el delito de homicidio de los jóvenes mexicanos. This research analyzes the possible links between gender, age and violence in the homicides that take place in Mexico. Based on statistical records, the degree of criminal responsibility and victimization of young men in this crime is outlined. Secondly, the way in which different criminology perspectives have explained the aforementioned problem is analyzed, specifically, how they have taken into account the male gender and age; about it, three different approaches are presented: the positivist, sociological and sexual difference. To conclude, from this last perspective, the preventive strategies that the Mexican government has set in motion to prevent excessive number of male deaths due to homicide are questioned.

Abruptly Dogen

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidder Smith
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Full Moon ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The World ◽  
The Buddha ◽  
The Way

In the thirteenth century Dogen brought Zen to Japan. His tradition flourishes there still today and now has taken root across the world. Abruptly Dogen presents some of his pith writings—startling, shifting, funny, spilling out in every direction. They come from all seventy-five chapters of his masterwork, the Eye of Real Dharma (Shōbōgenzō 正法眼藏), and roam through mountains, magic, everyday life, meditation, the nature of mind, and how the Buddha is always speaking from inside our heads. An excerpt from chapter 1, “A Case of Here We Are”: Human wisdom is like a moon roosting in water. No stain on the moon, nor does the water rip. However wide and grand the light, it still finds lodging in a puddle. The full moon, the spilling sky, all roosting in a single dewdrop on a single blade of grass. A man of wisdom is uncut, the way a moon doesn’t pierce water. Wisdom in a man is unobstructed, the way the sky’s full moon is unobstructed in a dewdrop. No doubt about it, the drop’s as deep as the moon is high. How long does this go on? How deep is the water, how high the moon?

Marriage and Lineal Authentication

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadav Samin
Keyword(s):  
Religious Values ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Marriage Patterns ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines marriage patterns in Arabian history and how knowledge of these patterns became a key element of Saudi Arabia's modern genealogical culture. It begins with a review of new historical evidence from the central Arabian oasis town of al-Ghāt, which reveals the way marital patterns preserve knowledge about premodern status hierarchies. It then considers Hamad al-Jāsir's use of marital patterns as a tool of lineal authentication, a practice epitomized in his study of a historically maligned Arabian tribe, Bāhila. It also shows how al-Jāsir made use of Arabian marital patterns as a form of ethnographic data that could serve as a basis for rehabilitating the reputation of historically maligned Arabian tribes and advancing a nativist ethical blueprint for modern Saudi society in which tribal and religious values could cohere harmoniously against perceived external threats.

Keeping Up with the French

Stolen Song ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 81-114
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
Roman De La Rose ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Cultural Elite ◽  
French Culture ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines Jean Renart's Roman de la rose (early thirteenth century). It specifically assesses the way in which francophone lyric and other French artistic objects—the symbolic significance of which has previously been dismissed by critics—are circulated with a peculiar frenzy by the elite of the Holy Roman Empire in Rose. Renart implies that instead of taking an interest in the artistic traditions more native to the Empire—such as Minnesang (the German analog of troubadour and trouvère song)—the cultural elite of the Empire are infatuated with French cultural products. The chapter then looks at the processes through which Occitan song is assimilated into the broader francophone lyric landscape, one of which is linguistic Gallicization. This process has resulted in this text, as elsewhere in the French reception of the troubadours, in occasional moments of nonsensicality, and the chapter documents the various ways in which this nonsensicality is accounted for within the narrative. Finally, it considers the ramifications of this staging of French culture (including Gallicized Occitan) within the narrative.

Marsilius of Inghen (1330–96)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Bos
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Philosophy ◽  
The Way

The theological and philosophical works of Marsilius of Inghen are characterized by a logico-semantical approach in which he followed John Buridan, combined with an eclectic use of older theories, often dating from the thirteenth century. These were sometimes more Aristotelian and sometimes more Neoplatonist. The label ‘Ockhamist’, which is often applied to Marsilius, has therefore limited value. He was influential on Central European philosophy of later centuries, both through his own philosophy and by the way he stimulated reform of university programmes. In the sixteenth century there were still references to a ‘Marsilian way’ in logic and physics.

St. Cyprian and Moissac: A Thirteenth-Century Sequence

Traditio ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
Maurice Bévenot
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Full Length ◽  
The Poor ◽  
First Time ◽  
Special Notice ◽  
The Way

The discovery of an ancient sequence might not at first sight seem to deserve any special notice. No doubt its absence in the monumental collections of A. M. Dreves and C. Blume, and in U. J. Chevalier's Repertorium hymnologicum, may surprise us, but the poor quality of so many of the sequences there collected may justify an initial indifference to the unearthing of yet another. How was it missed by those indefatigable collectors? Perhaps the reason is that they confined themselves mainly to liturgical books whereas the sequence here presented for the first time is found in one single manuscript which is not a liturgical book but a collection of works by St. Cyprian. These had been transcribed round about the year 1100, and the sequence, words and music, was added to the beginning of the codex in the first part of the thirteenth century. That it was missed is, then, no surprise, but a full-length treatment seems to be called for, because of the light it throws on the history, both factual and literary, behind it, as also possibly on the music of the time and the way that a sequence was then constructed. At least some of its more interesting features can here be gathered together.

scholarly journals Recalibrating through Remembrance

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 76-94
Author(s):  
Els Rose
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Stained Glass ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
Apocryphal Acts ◽  
The Way ◽  
The Catholic Church

The twelfth and thirteenth centuries witness a complex appeal to the “age of the apostles,” referring to the first centuries of Christianity as model and foundation. Both the Catholic Church and various apostolic movements claim to be true imitators of the vita apostolica. In early thirteenth-century centres of reform, the apostles as founding figures of the Christian religion are frequently visualized, most elaborately in stained glass windows where the apocryphal Acts or “Lives” of the apostles inspired the scenes distributed over the panes of each window dedicated in general to one apostle (or pair of apostles). The choice of scenes and the analysis of what in the apocryphal Acts is left out reveals the way the Catholic Church, in its endeavour to reform, applied the apostles as breaches and bridges in the development of its doctrine and self-definition, also in response to claims to apostolicity outside the mainstream Church.

scholarly journals The Limits of Liberal-Democracy Promotion

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Democracy Promotion ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Per Se ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Empirical Case Studies ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Way

One of the few unambiguously positive outcomes of the George W. Bush years is a greater interest in the practice of democracy promotion. However, the expansion of scholarship in this area has not been matched by an equal expansion in its scope. There continues to be an overwhelming tendency to focus exclusively on empirical case studies and policy prescriptions, usually informed by a set of unstated liberal assumptions. Nothing is necessarily wrong with this per se. The problem stems from the lack of attention directed toward the larger theoretical and conceptual frameworks that inform and shape these practices. Responding to this state of affairs, this article examines the way certain theoretical tendencies and commitments have helped give rise to many problematic aspects of liberal democracy promotion. It is necessary to challenge the restrictive framework that currently dominates. It is argued that to do so entails rethinking, extending, and pluralizing the way democracy itself is conceived.

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