Impact of the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard on Vaccination of Healthcare Workers with Hepatitis B Vaccine

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy B. Agerton ◽  
Francis J. Mahoney ◽  
Louis B. Polish ◽  
Craig N. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogens

Impact of the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard on Vaccination of Healthcare Workers with Hepatitis B Vaccine

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy B. Agerton ◽  
Francis J. Mahoney ◽  
Louis B. Polish ◽  
Craig N. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogens

scholarly journals A Study of Persistence of Anti-HBs Antibodies after Vaccination with Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthcare Workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Sumio IWASAKI ◽  
Reiko OYAMADA ◽  
Tsubasa WATANABE ◽  
Kiyomi HASUIKE ◽  
Sumito NAKAMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Recombinant Hepatitis

scholarly journals Evaluation of Immune Response to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-400
Author(s):  
Praveena Basireddy ◽  
Surekha Avileli ◽  
Nagajyothi Beldono ◽  
Swarna Latha Gundela
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Care Hospital

scholarly journals European Recommendations for the Management of Healthcare Workers Occupationally Exposed to Hepatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Enis Uruci
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogens ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Hbv Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Exposure prevention is the primary strategy to reduce the risk of occupational bloodborne pathogen infections in healthcare workers (HCW). HCWs should be made aware of the medicolegal and clinical relevance of reporting an exposure, and have ready access to expert consultants to receive appropriate counselling, treatment and follow-up. Vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV), and demonstration of immunisation before employment are strongly recommended. HCWs with postvaccinal anti-HBs levels, 1-2 months after vaccine completion, -or=10 mIU/mL are considered as responders. Responders are protected against HBV infection: booster doses of vaccine or periodic antibody concentration testing are not recommended. Alternative strategies to overcome non-response should be adopted. Isolated anti-HBc positive HCWs should be tested for anti-HBcIgM and HBV-DNA: if negative, anti-HBs response to vaccination can distinguish between infection (anti-HBs -or=50 mIU/ml 30 days after 1st vaccination: anamnestic response) and false positive results(anti-HBs -or=10 mUI/ml 30 days after 3rd vaccination: primary response); true positive subjects have resistance to re-infection. and do not need vaccination The management of an occupational exposure to HBV differs according to the susceptibility of the exposed HCW and the serostatus of the source. When indicated, post-exposure prophylaxis with HBV vaccine, hepatitis B immunoglobulin or both must be started as soon as possible (within 1-7 days). In the absence of prophylaxis against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, follow-up management of HCV exposures depends on whether antiviral treatment during the acute phase is chosen. Test the HCW for HCV-Ab at baseline and after 6 months; up to 12 for HIV-HCV co-infected sources. If treatment is recommended, perform ALT (amino alanine transferase) activity at baseline and monthly for 4 months after exposure, and qualitative HCV-RNA when an increase is detected. Introduction Bloodborne pathogens such as hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) represent an important hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs) [1]. In the general population, HCV prevalence varies geographically from about 0.5 percent in northern countries to 2 percent in Mediterranean countries, with some 5 million chronic carriers estimated in Europe; while HBV prevalence ranges from 0.3 percent to 3 percent. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year in Europe 304 000 HCWs are exposed to at least one percutaneous injury with a sharp object contaminated with HBV, 149 000 are exposed to HCV and 22 000 to HIV. The probability of acquiring a bloodborne infection following an occupational exposure has been estimated to be on average. Bloodborne pathogens such as hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) represent an important hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs) [1]. In the general population, HCV prevalence varies geographically from about 0.5 percent in northern countries to 2 percent in Mediterranean countries, with some 5 million chronic carriers estimated in Europe; while HBV prevalence ranges from 0.3 percent to 3 percent. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year in Europe 304 000 HCWs are exposed to at least one percutaneous injury with a sharp object contaminated with HBV, 149 000 are exposed to HCV and 22 000 to HIV.We present here recommendations for the general management of occupational risk of bloodborne infections, HBV vaccination and management of HBV and HCV exposures. A description of the project and recommendations for HIV post-exposure management, including antiretroviral prophylaxis, has been previously published [2], and so issues related to occupational risk and prevention of HIV infection following an occupational exposure will not be discussed further.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccine uptake among healthcare workers in a referral hospital, Accra

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Akosua Ansa ◽  
Kenneth Nana Affoh Ofori ◽  
Ekua Essumanma Houphouet ◽  
Afua Asabea Amoabeng ◽  
Jerry Selase Sifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Vaccine Uptake

Evaluation of the response to a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine in previously immunized healthcare workers

Vaccine ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (28-29) ◽  
pp. 4081-4085 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L Williams ◽  
Carol J Christensen ◽  
Brian J McMahon ◽  
Lisa R Bulkow ◽  
Henry H Cagle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Booster Dose ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine

Article Commentary: Occupational Risks of Blood Exposure in the Operating Room

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogens ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Occupational Infection

Bloodborne pathogens continue to be a source of occupational infection for healthcare workers, but particularly for surgeons. Over 1 per cent of the U.S. population has one or more chronic viral infections. Hepatitis B is the infection that has the longest known role as an occupational pathogen, but infection with this virus is largely preventable with the use of the effective hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis C affects the largest number of people in the United States, and there is no vaccine available for the prevention of this infection. HIV infection still has not been associated with a documented transmission in the operating room environment, but six cases of probable occupational transmission have been reported. A total of 57 healthcare workers have had documented occupational infection since the epidemic of HIV infection began. Infection of blood-borne pathogens to patients from infected surgeons remains a concern. Surgeons who are e-antigen-positive for hepatitis B have been well documented to be an infection risk to patients in the operating room. Only four surgeons have been documented to transmit hepatitis C, although other transmissions have occurred in the care of patients when practices of infection control have been violated. No surgical transmission of HIV to a patient has been identified at this time. Prevention of occupational infection requires use of protective barriers, avoidance of exposure risk by modification of techniques, and a constant awareness of sharp instruments in the operating room. Blood exposure in the operating room carries risk of infection and should be avoided. It is likely that other infectious agents will emerge as operating room threats. Surgeons must maintain vigilance in avoiding blood exposure and percutaneous injury.

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