Special Paper: A Global Biome Model Based on Plant Physiology and Dominance, Soil Properties and Climate

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Colin Prentice ◽  
Wolfgang Cramer ◽  
Sandy P. Harrison ◽  
Rik Leemans ◽  
Robert A. Monserud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Special Paper ◽  
Biome Model

Special Paper: A Global Vegetation Model Based on the Climatological Approach of Budyko

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja M. Tchebakova ◽  
Robert A. Monserud ◽  
Rik Leemans ◽  
Sergei Golovanov
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Special Paper ◽  
Global Vegetation

Nutrient Removal in a Reed Bed System

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 729-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Haberl ◽  
R. Perfler
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Reed Bed

Since 1984 investigations concerning sewage technology, plant physiology and soil properties have been carried out on the reed bed system at Mannersdorf/Leithagebirge (local loamy soil, Phragmites, planted area 3×150 m2, influent 30 - 50 mm/d). The removal efficiency of COD and BOD5 amounts to 80-90 % and 90 - 98 %, respectively. Elimination of nutrients (NTOT and PTOT) varies from 3 0 to 60 %, in general. Total nitrification cannot be reported for any of the plots fed with different sewage qualities. Nutrient uptake of NTOT and PTOT by Phragmites a. reaches 30 or 15 % of influent sewage load during July and August but is of no importance with respect to the average of the year. The proportion of PTOT in the soil is still increasing every year and now amounts to about 450 mg/100g soil. The concentration of phosphorus essentially stagnates at the level of 50 mg/100g soil.

Prediction of Soil Properties at Farm Scale Using a Model-Based Soil Sampling Scheme and Random Forest

Soil Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Castro-Franco ◽  
José Luis Costa ◽  
Nahuel Peralta ◽  
Virginia Aparicio
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Sampling Scheme ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Farm Scale

Modelling and prediction of soil water contents at field capacity and permanent wilting point of dryland cropping soils

Soil Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rab ◽  
S. Chandra ◽  
P. D. Fisher ◽  
N. J. Robinson ◽  
M. Kitching ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Predictor Model ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
North Western ◽  
Single Predictor ◽  
Wilting Point

Field capacity (FC) and permanent wilting point (PWP) are two critical input parameters required in various biophysical models. There are limited published data on FC and PWP of dryland cropping soils across north-western Victoria. Direct measurements of FC and PWP are time-consuming and expensive. Reliable prediction of FC and PWP from their functional relationships with routinely measured soil properties can help to circumvent these constraints. This study provided measured data on FC using undisturbed samples and PWP as functions of geomorphological unit, soil type, and soil texture class for dryland cropping soils of north-western Victoria. We used a balanced, nested sampling strategy and developed functional relationships of FC and PWP with routinely measured soil properties using residual maximum likelihood based mixed-effects regression modelling. Using the data, we also tested the adequacy of nine published pedotransfer functions (PTFs) in predicting FC and PWP. Significant differences were observed among the three soil types and nine texture classes for most soil properties. FC and PWP were higher for Grey Vertosols (FC 43.7% vol, PWP 29.1% vol) than Hypercalcic Calcarosols (38.4%, 23.5%) and Red Sodosols (20.2%, 9.2%). Of the several functional relationships developed for prediction of FC and PWP, a quadratic single-predictor model based on dg (geometric mean particle size diameter) performed better than other models for both FC and PWP. It was nearly bias-free, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.18% vol and an R2 of 93% for FC, and RMSE 3.47% vol and R2 89% for PWP. Another useful model for FC was a slightly biased, two-predictor quadratic model based on clay and silt, with RMSE 3.14% vol and R2 94%. For PWP, two other possibly useful, though slightly biased, models included a single-predictor quadratic model based on clay (RMSE 3.45% vol, R2 89%) and a three-predictor model based on clay, silt, and σg (geometric standard deviation of particle size diameter) (RMSE 3.27% vol, R2 90%). We observed a strong quadratic relationship of FC with PWP (RMSE 1.61% vol, R2 98%). This suggests the possibility to further improve the prediction of FC indirectly through PWP. These predictive models for FC and PWP, though developed for the dryland cropping soils of north-western Victoria, may be applicable to other regions with similar soil and climatic conditions. Some validation is desirable before these models are confidently applied in a new situation. Of the nine published PTFs, the multiple linear regression and artificial neural network based NTh5 for FC and NTh3 and CAM for PWP performed better on our data for the prediction of FC and PWP. The root mean square deviation of these PTFs, for both FC and PWP, was higher than the RMSE of our models. Our models are therefore likely to perform better under the dryland cropping soils of north-western Victoria than these PTFs. As a safeguard against arriving at optimistic inferences, we suggest that the modelling of functional relationships needs to account for the hierarchical structure of the sampling design using appropriate mixed effects regression models.

scholarly journals Mycorrhization of Quercus acutissima with Chinese black truffle significantly altered the host physiology and root-associated microbiomes

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Lei Ye ◽  
Zongjing Kang ◽  
Jie Zou ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Black Truffle ◽  
Quercus Acutissima

Background Our aim was to explore how the ectomycorrhizae of an indigenous tree,Quercus acutissima, with a commercial truffle, Chinese black truffle (Tuber indicum), affects the host plant physiology and shapes the associated microbial communities in the surrounding environment during the early stage of symbiosis. Methods To achieve this, changes in root morphology and microscopic characteristics, plant physiology indices, and the rhizosphere soil properties were investigated when six-month-old ectomycorrhizae were synthesized. Meanwhile, next-generation sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial and fungal communities in the root endosphere and rhizosphere soil inoculated with T. indicum or not. Results The results showed that colonization by T. indicum significantly improved the activity of superoxide dismutase in roots but significantly decreased the root activity. The biomass, leaf chlorophyll content and root peroxidase activity did not obviously differ. Ectomycorrhization of Q. acutissima with T. indicum affected the characteristics of the rhizosphere soil, improving the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available nitrogen. The bacterial and fungal community composition in the root endosphere and rhizosphere soil was altered by T. indicum colonization, as was the community richness and diversity. The dominant bacteria in all the samples were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and the dominant fungi were Eukaryota_norank, Ascomycota, and Mucoromycota. Some bacterial communities, such as Streptomyces, SM1A02, and Rhizomicrobium were more abundant in the ectomycorrhizae or ectomycorrhizosphere soil. Tuber was the second-most abundant fungal genus, and Fusarium was present at lower amounts in the inoculated samples. Discussion Overall, the symbiotic relationship between Q. acutissima and T. indicum had an obvious effect on host plant physiology, soil properties, and microbial community composition in the root endosphere and rhizosphere soil, which could improve our understanding of the symbiotic relationship between Q. acutissima and T. indicum, and may contribute to the cultivation of truffle.

scholarly journals Microbial Communities in Bioswale Soils and Their Relationships to Soil Properties, Plant Species, and Plant Physiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia L. Brodsky ◽  
Katherine L. Shek ◽  
Devin Dinwiddie ◽  
Sarah G. Bruner ◽  
Aman S. Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Species

Representation, abstraction, and simple-minded sophisticates

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dayan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Theory ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Bayesian Decision Theory ◽  
Bayesian Decision ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Model Free

Abstract Bayesian decision theory provides a simple formal elucidation of some of the ways that representation and representational abstraction are involved with, and exploit, both prediction and its rather distant cousin, predictive coding. Both model-free and model-based methods are involved.

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