An Experimental Approach to the Function of Classic Maya Chultuns

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis E. Puleston
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Brosimum Alicastrum ◽  
Term Storage

AbstractExperimental techniques have provided an exciting breakthrough for the functional analysis of Maya chultuns. While deep cistern-like chultuns, common at certain sites in the northern lowlands, have been shown to be functional for water storage, smaller lateral-chambered chultuns characteristic of certain parts of the southern lowlands probably had a very different function. Excavation and examination of the latter features, in light of a whole range of possibilities, suggest that they were constructed to be used for food storage. Experimental studies, however, reveal them to be unsuitable for the storage of most traditional foods, including maize. At least one local food crop, the seed of the ramon (Brosimum alicastrum, Moraceae), appears to be ideally suited for long-term storage under these conditions. Chambers constructed beneath platforms in the northern lowlands may have been used for the storage of maize. A need for more experimental work is indicated.

scholarly journals Comparison of biofilm formation and water quality when water from different sources was stored in large commercial water storage tanks

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venessa van der Merwe ◽  
Stacey Duvenage ◽  
Lise Korsten
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Term Storage

Rain-, ground- and municipal potable water were stored in low density polyethylene storage tanks for a period of 90 days to determine the effects of long-term storage on the deterioration in the microbial quality of the water. Total viable bacteria present in the stored water and the resultant biofilms were enumerated using heterotrophic plate counts. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Colilert-18® tests were performed to determine if the faecal indicator bacteria Escherichia coli was present in the water and in the biofilm samples collected throughout the study. The municipal potable water at the start of the study was the only water source that conformed to the South African Water Quality Guidelines for Domestic Use. After 15 days of storage, this water source had deteriorated microbiologically to levels considered unfit for human consumption. E. coli was detected in the ground- and potable water and ground- and potable biofilms periodically, whereas it was detected in the rainwater and associated biofilms at every sampling point. Imperfections in the UV resistant inner lining of the tanks were shown to be ecological niches for microbial colonisation and biofilm development. The results from the current study confirmed that long-term storage can influence water quality and increase the number of microbial cells associated with biofilms on the interior surfaces of water storage tanks.

scholarly journals Тhe quality of potatoes affects consumer properties of processed foods

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
A. A. Molyavko ◽  
A. V. Marukhlenko ◽  
N. P. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Term Storage

Experimental studies have shown that with an increased level of mineral nutrition (N120P180K240) all varieties increased the yield (by 1.7–4.1 tons/ha, or by 10–25%), while the most productive varieties being Bryansky Nadezhny, Bryanskaya Novinka, Slava Bryanshchiny (21.9–22.9 tons/ha). In terms of dry substances content almost all varieties met the requirements of processing, which called for for a dry substance level in tubers of at least 20–24%. With an increase in the dose of fertilizers the amount of starch and dry matter in tubers decreased. On an average background, the starch content compared to the control decreased by 0.7–1.1%, dry substances — by 0.7– 1.2%, on an increased background respectively — by 1.2–1.7%, dry substances — by 1.4–2.7%. The taste of potatoes on an increased background of fertilizers worsened regardless of variety. In terms of darkening of the flesh, raw cleaned tubers of all varieties are not suitable for long-term storage (for example, for 24 hours), while boiled tubers of all varieties did not reduce the quality. Growing potatoes on an increased background of mineral nutrition increased the darkening of raw tubers of the studied varieties compared to control. In the studied varieties the content of reducing sugars in many cases exceeded the amount allowed for the manufacture of crispy potatoes, and therefore its quality was reduced, mainly due to the color of the slices. Almost all varieties gave puree of good quality. An increase in the background of fertilizers slightly worsened the consistency of puree, which reduced the overall estimate.

scholarly journals Ensuring long storage of raw sugar products using electrophysical installation

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
M. A. Yakiyayeva ◽  
A. N. Zhakatayeva ◽  
A. I. Iztayev ◽  
M. M. Маyемеrоv ◽  
B Zh. Muldabekova
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Raw Sugar ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Optimal Regimen ◽  
Long Storage

The article examined the efficiency of using an electrophysical installation to ensure the long-term storage of raw sugar products. Experimental studies of sugar beets of the second degree of infection of the Koksu sugar factory. As a result, it was found that in order to increase the shelf life of sugar products, the most optimal regimen is treatment with ozone with a concentration of 8 g/m3 for 20 minutes and an overpressure of 3 or 5 ati.

scholarly journals New methods for long storage of raw sugar products

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
A. I. Iztayev ◽  
M. M. Маyемеrоv ◽  
M. A. Yakiyayeva ◽  
A. N. Zhakatayeva ◽  
A. A. Моldakarimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Raw Sugar ◽  
Optimal Mode ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Long Storage

The article examined the use of electrophysical methods, including ozone treatment in the cavitation zone for storing sugar beets. Experimental studies of samples of sugar beet from the Koksu sugar factory of the second degree of infection showed that ozone-cavitation treatments have a pleasant effect on long-term storage. As a result, it was proved that treatment with an ozone concentration of 8 g/m3 for 20 minutes at an overpressure of up to 5 ati is the most optimal mode. 

scholarly journals Influence of Storage Conditions and Corrosive Environments on the Mechanical Properties of GFRP Rebars

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Andrey Benin ◽  
Ekaterina Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Manufacturing Plants ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Gfrp Rebars ◽  
Term Storage

AbstractA trend of applying composite reinforcement in construction industry has been growing in Russia recently: hence, new manufacturing plants have appeared and the volume of sales has increased. However there were not enough experimental studies of the polymer reinforcement chemical stability and the influence of various factors (climate, corrosive environments, nonstationary loading, etc.) on the strength of structures reinforced with polymer rebars. The objective of this investigation was to identify the influence of long-term storage conditions and exposure to corrosive environment (i.e. 5 % NaCl solution) produced on the mechanical properties of GFRP rebars.

scholarly journals Long-Term Storage Considerations for Spacecraft Lubricants

Lubricants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Buttery ◽  
Simon Lewis ◽  
Anthony Kent ◽  
Rachel Bingley ◽  
Matthew Cropper
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Storage

Spacecraft mechanisms commonly undergo extended periods of storage, either on-ground, or in-flight and there are an increasing number of missions for which some element of long-term storage may be required. Despite the obvious potential for degradation of lubricants during storage which might impact mechanism functionality or life and so even become mission-threatening, today’s understanding of storage phenomena is rather incomplete. This paper provides consolidation and review of recent experimental studies in this area and considers the range of storage conditions and associated degradation phenomena which could impact different lubricants. Whilst some storage best practice guidelines exist, experimental verification of the impact of storage phenomena has rarely been carried out and test data is rather scarce and incomplete. Given the absence of comprehensive data to support design, lubricant selection or the development of storage protocols, it is shown that for all lubricant types careful control of storage and test environments combined with monitoring of the evolving tribological performance during periodic mechanism exercising are presently the most effective storage risk mitigations.

Survival of wood-inhabiting fungi stored for 10 years in water and under oil

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 861-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary C. Johnson ◽  
Andrew K. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Water Survival

Subcultures of 1064 isolates of 393 species of wood-inhabiting fungi were stored both under sterile mineral oil and in sterile water for 10 years. A high proportion (98%) of the Basidiomycotina isolates survived storage under oil, whereas only 26% survived in sterile water. Survival of most isolates of Ascomycotina (91% under oil, 72% in water) and Deuteromycotina (96% under oil, 92% in water) was somewhat less in water than under oil. Key words: fungal storage, long-term storage, oil storage, water storage, Basidiomycotina.

Experimental studies on combined production of CH4 and safe long-term storage of CO2 in the form of solid hydrate in sediment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Saeidi ◽  
Derek Dunn-Rankin ◽  
Bjørn Kvamme ◽  
Yu-Chien Chien
Keyword(s):  
Liquid State ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Fast Mechanism

34 mole% CO2 is substituted into the methane hydrate by adding N2 from injection fluid for increasing the performance. Liquid state is the fast mechanism for replacing in situ CH4 with CO2 and involves the formation of a new CO2 hydrate.

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