Reconsidering the Collective Impulse: Formal Organization and Informal Associations among Workers in the Australian Colonies, 1795-1850

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Quinlan ◽  
Margaret Gardner ◽  
Peter Akers
Keyword(s):  
Formal Organization ◽  
Informal Associations

Does a Ribosome Really Read? On the Cognitive Roots and Heuristic Value of Linguistic Metaphors in Molecular Genetics. Part 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
Suren T. Zolyan
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
The Core ◽  
Genetic Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Frame ◽  
Effective Instrument

We discuss the role of linguistic metaphors as a cognitive frame for the understanding of genetic information processing. The essential similarity between language and genetic information processing has been recognized since the very beginning, and many prominent scholars have noted the possibility of considering genes and genomes as texts or languages. Most of the core terms in molecular biology are based on linguistic metaphors. The processing of genetic information is understood as some operations on text – writing, reading and editing and their specification (encoding/decoding, proofreading, transcription, translation, reading frame). The concept of gene reading can be traced from the archaic idea of the equation of Life and Nature with the Book. Thus, the genetics itself can be metaphorically represented as some operations on text (deciphering, understanding, code-breaking, transcribing, editing, etc.), which are performed by scientists. At the same time linguistic metaphors portrayed gene entities also as having the ability of reading. In the case of such “bio-reading” some essential features similar to the processes of human reading can be revealed: this is an ability to identify the biochemical sequences based on their function in an abstract system and distinguish between type and its contextual tokens of the same type. Metaphors seem to be an effective instrument for representation, as they make possible a two-dimensional description: biochemical by its experimental empirical results and textual based on the cognitive models of comprehension. In addition to their heuristic value, linguistic metaphors are based on the essential characteristics of genetic information derived from its dual nature: biochemical by its substance, textual (or quasi-textual) by its formal organization. It can be concluded that linguistic metaphors denoting biochemical objects and processes seem to be a method of description and explanation of these heterogeneous properties.

The Subordinate Theme in the First Movement of Schubert's "Unfinished" Symphony

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Steven Vande Moortele
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Music History ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Sonata Theory

This analytical vignette explores the internal formal organization of the subordinate theme in the first movement of Schubert's "Unfinished" Symphony, D. 759 (1822). Drawing both on Hepokoski and Darcy's sonata theory and on Caplin's theory of formal functions, it shows how the entire theme can be understood as a single large-scale sentence. It is further argued that the theme's specific formal organization, as well as the extent to which it does or does not open up to theories originally designed for the analysis of music from the classical era, is characteristic of works from this period in music history.

scholarly journals The Cypriot Exemption from Evocatio and the Character of Cicero's Proconsulship

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
JONATHAN ZARECKI
Keyword(s):  
Formal Organization ◽  
Interesting Comment ◽  
Legal Proceeding ◽  
Explicit Theory

Q. Volusium, tui Tiberi generum, certum hominem et mirifice abstinentem, misi in Cyprum ut ibi pauculos dies esset, ne cives Romani pauci qui illic negotiantur ius sibi dictum negarent; nam evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet. (Cic. Att. 5.21.6)I sent Quintus Volusius, the son-in-law of your friend Tiberius, a man both trustworthy and extraordinarily moderate, to Cyprus for only a couple of days, lest the few Roman citizens who do business there should claim that they had no legal recourse available to them, since it is not permitted for Cypriots to be summoned off the island.Scholars have taken slight notice (if they mention it at all) of Cicero's interesting comment that Cypriots were exempt from evocatio, the summons of a defendant or witness to a legal proceeding by a Roman magistrate with imperium. While the legal ramifications of the ban on evocatio on Cyprus are clear, the origin of this exemption is not. The only explicit theory on its origin – Badian's argument that the prohibition was part of Lentulus' lex provinciae, a law for the formal organization of the province of Cyprus – has been influential, though it is based on tenuous evidence. Few ancient sources for Roman rule on Cyprus during the Late Republic have survived, and we must rely almost entirely on Cicero's letters. Cicero's correspondence, however, indicates (against Badian) that the ban on evocatio was a codicil of Cicero's provincial edict, and not a part of either Lentulus' lex provinciae or his provincial edict. Personal, political, and military considerations all played a role in Cicero's decision to make the citizens of Cyprus exempt from being called to the administrative gathering for the dispensation of justice and other legal and political matters known as a conventus.

Vormoderne Organisationen

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-628
Author(s):  
Franziska Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Formal Organizations ◽  
Administrative Structures

Premodern Organizations. Membership and “Formal Organization” in the Saxon Mining Administration of the 16th Century This article examines the emergence of early modern “formal organisations”. It uses the term “formal organisation” as a heuristic instrument – or with Peter von Moos: as a “controlled anachronism”. That is, formal organizations did not exist in historical reality in the contemporary sense. But as an ideal type, the concept allows us to get a better impression of the specific conditions, ambiguities, and longer-term dynamics of the formation of administrative structures.

scholarly journals Paris: A Poem by Hope Mirrlees: The liminal world of Paris in 1919

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 192-203
Author(s):  
Sofia Permiakova
Keyword(s):  
Original Publication ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Liminal Space ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Urban Representation ◽  
Modernist Studies ◽  
The City

Paris: A Poem by Hope Mirrlees is a modernist ‘curiosity’ which remained largely unknown due to the peculiar conditions of its original publication. In recent years, however, it has regained its place within the field of modernist studies due to the efforts of Julia Briggs and Sandeep Parmar. Instead of approaching the poem through established categories of urban representation, such as flânerie, urban phantasmagoria or the urban palimpsest, this article focuses on Paris, then in the midst of the 1919 Peace Conference, as a liminal space and site of Bakhtinian carnival. This framework advances an understanding of the poem as a complete and complex work of art. The article argues that the peculiar structure and formal organization of the poem, and its relation to the reality of Paris in 1919 and beyond, turns the poem into a liminal space of its own, thus doubling the city it speaks of.

scholarly journals "Mi wantem musik blong mi hemi blong evriwan" ["I want my music to be for everyone"]: Digital developments, copyright and music circulation in Port Vila, Vanuatu

First Monday ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Stern
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Digital Storage ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Year 2000

Since the year 2000, Port-Vila, the capital of Vanuatu, has experienced considerable development in digital technologies. This has strongly influenced young people’s musical behaviour.The mobile phone market expanded rapidly with the arrival of the Digicel company, launched in June 2008. Statistics show that in 2009, more than 50 percent of the population had access to mobile telephony. The possibilities for digital storage have made the mobile phone an indispensable tool for young musicians.In August 2012 the country joined WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization). However, IP (intellectual property) law cannot be practically implemented, because no formal organization to enforce IP has been established by the Vanuatu Government. Musical exchanges are engrained in the archipelago’s traditional culture and, alongside the old circulation systems of musical knowledge, the Internet and mobile phones have created new networks for the circulation of musical culture.While copyright can be seen as important for the development of the local music industry, its implementation faces challenges, given that the circulation of local music occurs largely outside of the formal market system.

The Organization of African Unity and the United Nations: A Study of the Problems of Universal-Regional Relationship in the Organization and Maintenance of International Peace and Security

1971 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 30-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Akindele
Keyword(s):  
International System ◽  
Political Order ◽  
World Peace ◽  
African Unity ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Global System ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Organization Of African Unity ◽  
Power Configuration

World peace, like war, has tended to become indivisible. Nonetheless, the formal organization of international peace and security continues to be anchored to the principle of division and imperfect co-ordination of responsibility between universal and regional instrumentalities. The problem of maintaining world peace would probably have been much less troublesome than it is now if the international system had either been hierarchically organized, or based upon a strictly federal foundation. Needless to say, the global system remains largely a semi-primitive political order characterized, as it is, by a decentralized structure of power configuration.

Formal Organization and Complex Responses to Video Games Narratives

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (CHI PLAY) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mattia Bellini
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Audience Response ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Complex Response ◽  
Crowdsourced Data

The application of complex systems theories to the study of narratives proved able to offer a high heuristic value for the analysis of movies [24,26], TV series [35,36], music [45] and different other media with narrative capacity [cf. 20]. However, they were not yet thoroughly employed for the study of video game narratives. To address the relation between formal complexity and the complexity of response in video games, this paper conducts a contrastive analysis of two games of the Halo series, namely Halo 3 [6] and Halo 3 ODST [7]. Formal complexity is analyzed by applying Cutting's [13] approach for counting (narratorial) complexity. The evaluation of the responses to the narratives of these games is based on crowdsourced data, through Hven's [24] and Kiss and Willemsen's [26] understanding of audience response. The findings reveal that a complex response is at least partly predictable through an analysis of the formal quantitative and qualitative/organizational aspects of narratives, and, ultimately, that narrative complexity is a factor in the appreciation of games by the audience. The paper also poses the basis for the identification of a "Goldilocks level of complexity', which can maximize the appreciation of video games stories.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document