Establishment of Ammophila arenaria (Marram Grass) from Culms, Seeds and Rhizomes

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Van Der Putten
Keyword(s):  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Marram Grass

Competition between endoparasitic nematodes and effect on biomass of Ammophila arenaria (marram grass) as affected by timing of inoculation and plant age

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim van der Putten ◽  
Henk Duyts ◽  
E. Pernilla Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Marram Grass ◽  
Natural Dune ◽  
Dune Grass

AbstractWe studied the effects of intra- and interspecific competition on the abundance of endoparasitic nematodes and assessed the consequences for biomass production of the natural dune grass Ammophila arenaria. Pratylenchus penetrans was limited by intraspecific competition and it suppressed the abundance of Heterodera arenaria, whilst the interaction between H. arenaria and Meloidogyne maritima was neutral. Pratylenchus penetrans and H. arenaria reduced plant biomass, whereas M. maritima did not. Plant biomass was not differently affected by adding one or two nematode species. When added to older plants, numbers of H. arenaria and M. maritima were higher but numbers of P. penetrans were lower, resulting in less reduction of plant biomass. We discuss our results on this natural system with respect to patterns of interspecific nematode competition observed in agricultural systems.

Vegetation development in coastal foredunes in relation to methods of establishing marram grass (Ammophila arenaria)

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. van der Laan ◽  
O. F. R. van Tongeren ◽  
W. H. van der Putten ◽  
G. Veenbaas
Keyword(s):  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Marram Grass ◽  
Coastal Foredunes

Two distinct AFLP types in three populations of marram grass (Ammophila arenaria) in Wales

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Gera Hol ◽  
Andre W. G. van der Wurff ◽  
Leif Skøt ◽  
Roger Cook
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Assignment Test ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Marram Grass ◽  
Outlier Loci

The genetic structure of marram grass populations at coastal and inland locations, 200 m apart, was investigated at three sites by means of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA markers. We expected a genetic differentiation between coastal and inland populations and more genetic variation in the coastal areas as a result of different events of colonization by different plant materials. An assignment test showed that the sampledAmmophila arenariacould be assigned to two groups based on AFLP data. The spatial distribution of the two AFLP types ofA. arenariavaried with sampling location. In two of the three locations, mainly one type (1) was found in the newly formed dunes. This type did also occur further landward, but the second type (2) was preferentially found in inland populations. Genetic diversity was very low and of similar value in both coastal and inland populations. For each site, outlier loci with respect toFSTvalue were identified, which may be indicative of different selection pressures in coastal compared with inland clusters. However, no identical outlier loci were found at all three sites. Possible explanations for the observed difference in distribution of type 1 and 2 populations between coastal and inland sites are discussed.

Harmful soil organisms in coastal foredunes involved in degeneration of Ammophila arenaria and Calammophila baltica

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1560-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Van der Putten ◽  
S. R. Troelstra
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Beach Sand ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Marram Grass ◽  
Windblown Sand ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Mobile Dunes

The presence of harmful soil organisms in the root zone of Ammophila arenaria (marram grass) was examined by biotesting. For this investigation three locations along the sandy shoreline of The Netherlands were chosen: Voorne, Texel, and Schouwen. At all three locations harmful organisms were detected in sand from stable dunes, as well as in sand from mobile dunes (degenerated and vigorous A. arenaria, respectively). In beach sand, however, no harmful organisms occurred. Since A. arenaria shows vigorous growth only when it is buried regularly by windblown sand from the beach, it is concluded that this sand deposition enables the plants to escape from harmful soil organisms. Ammophila arenaria and Calammophila baltica (purple or hybrid marram grass) from the Voorne location were grown outdoors in containers filled with sand from the beach, the mobile dunes, and the stable dunes, and sterilized sand from the stable dunes. Biomass production of both species was highest in sterilized sand from the stable dune, followed by (in descending order) beach sand, sand from the mobile dune, and unsterilized sand from the stable dune. As compared with A. arenaria, however, growth of C. baltica was reduced less and without mortality of cuttings. Degree of growth reduction by harmful soil organisms could not be related to numbers of plant parasitic nematodes. Key words: Ammophila arenaria, Calammophila baltica, coastal sand dunes, succession, harmful soil organisms.

Burial, erosion, and transformation of archaeological landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hilton ◽  
Richard Walter ◽  
Karen Greig ◽  
Teresa Konlechner
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Dune Vegetation ◽  
Dune System ◽  
Dune Systems ◽  
Marram Grass ◽  
System Restoration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Archaeological Landscape

A high proportion of archaeological sites are located on the world’s shorelines and recent research has documented the vulnerability of these sites to coastal processes and climate change. However, archaeological landscapes on many temperate coasts have already been degraded as a result of changes in dune dynamics related to changes in dune vegetation. These changes have produced marked spatial and temporal variations in patterns of burial and erosion in transgressive dune systems. This paper examines the modification and conservation of archaeological landscapes from a biogeomorphic perspective, using the example of marram grass ( Ammophila arenaria) invasion of dune systems in southern New Zealand. The impact of marram grass on dune system dynamics and the underlying archaeological landscape are complex. Full invasion may result in the general burial and protection of these landscapes, but the risk of degradation of sites is high during the invasion process. In southern New Zealand, marram invasion has resulted in the formation of stable foredunes, often associated with coastal progradation. Archaeological sites located close to the shoreline can be subject to either burial or erosion, or both, as marram grass establishes in the foredune zone. The spatial relationship between cultural sites and the shoreline may be lost as the coast progrades. The impact of marram invasion can extend throughout the hinterland dune system as a result of (i) dune mobility triggered by marram grass invasion and (ii) the development of a negative sand budget, which prevents or reduces beach-foredune-dune system sand exchange. The risk of degradation of the archaeological landscape can be significantly heighted by marram invasion, which can have profound implications for the preservation and interpretation of archaeological sites and materials. Paradoxically, dune system restoration may lead to the re-exposure of these sites, but the principal outcome of dune system restoration is expected to be a decline erosion (manifest as in deflation surfaces) and reburial of the archaeological landscape.

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