The Course of Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1921-1934

1935 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Ramsbottom
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom

Financial debt amongst older women in the United Kingdom – shame, abuse and resilience

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Purdam ◽  
Jennifer Prattley
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Real Term ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pension Age

Abstract Long-term poverty, precarious employment, low pay, the increased pension age and real-term reductions in welfare benefits, including bereavement allowances, have brought into focus the financial vulnerability of many older women aged 55 years and older in the United Kingdom. In this article, survey data were analysed alongside evidence from observations of debt support meetings and interviews with older women who were receiving debt advice from a support charity. The findings suggest that older women were more likely to have financial problems than older men, particularly those women who were living on low incomes and who were separated or divorced. Following the breakdown of a relationship, many older women were at increased risk of more debt and bankruptcy, particularly those aged between 55 and 64 years and those in routine and semi-routine occupations. Many women had kept their financial problems hidden due to fear and shame whilst bringing up their children and some had been subject to coercive control and economic abuse by their former husbands or partners. It is important that any pension reforms, changes to minimum wage rates, and new divorce and domestic abuse legislation and welfare policies take account of the circumstances of separated, divorced and widowed older women. More financial support and advice needs to be provided to older women facing financial difficulties.

Wage-Rates, Earnings, and Wage-Drift

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 52-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gillion
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom

This article describes an attempt to establish by regression analysis the form of the relationships which determine wage-rates and average earnings in the United Kingdom.

Intergenerational Earnings Mobilities – How Sensitive are they to Income Measures?

2009 ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Mohammad Azhar Hussain ◽  
Martin D. Munk ◽  
Jens Bonke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hourly Wage ◽  
Earnings Mobility ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Public Transfers ◽  
Annual Earnings

This article gives various estimates of intergenerational earnings mobility by applying different earning periods, age brackets, and earning components. The methodology enables us to investigate how sensitive results are to different delimitations and, thereby, to make more accurate international comparisons of intergenerational earnings mobility. We find that intergenerational earnings mobility is found to be substantially lower when hourly wage rates rather than annual earnings are used, whether the latter are inclusive or exclusive of public transfers. Moreover, when the same specifications are applied for Denmark as for other countries, we find that intergenerational earnings mobility from father to son in Denmark is on the same level as in Sweden, Norway, and Finland, whereas the intergenerational earnings mobility in all the Nordic countries is found to be higher than in the United Kingdom and the United States.

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