Testament For Social Science: An Essay in the Application of Scientific Method to Human Needs.

1951 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
James G. Leyburn ◽  
Barbara Wootton
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Human Needs

scholarly journals Ethics and science: between logical positivism and Islamic education - A comparative study -: الأخلاق والعلم بين الوضعية المنطقية والتربية الإسلامية - دراسة مقارنة -

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smyah Ghazi M Allihyani
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Logical Positivism ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Mind

The research aims to study and analyze the perception of the logical positivism of ethics and science, and study and analyze the perception of Islamic education for ethics and science, in addition to monitoring similarities and differences between the perception of logical positivism and Islamic education for ethics and science, and finally draw the most important conclusions from the comparison between the logical positivism perception and Islamic education of ethics and science. Research Methodology: George Bereday Curriculum's four-step comparative approach: description – interpretation – juxtaposition – comparison. The research reached several results, the most prominent of which are: 1- Islamic education was distinguished from logical positivism in its belief that benign morals are a fixed source; it derives from Islamic sources the Noble Qur’an and pure Sunnah, at a time when morals are considered relative as perceived by logical positivism. 2- Islamic education was distinguished in its view of Islamic morals as absolute and does not change with the change of time or place, at a time when the logical positivism considered ethics as separate from social life and its criterion of human needs, will and choice. 3- Islamic education was distinguished from the logical positivism in its conception of science where its view was more general and more comprehensive in the source of knowledge, for God Almighty is the source of knowledge and to him all things are returned, then nature and its facts and laws that come from the arrangement of God Almighty and the Creator and its use of human beings come. 4- Islamic education was distinguished from the logical positivism in its belief in the unseen and the testimony, so the mind and the senses are all tools by which the believer inferred the net belief on the existence of a creator and mastermind of this great universe. The great. 5- Islamic education was distinguished by the comprehensiveness of its view of the mind, because it is based on sincere faith and common sense, on which sound thinking is based. 6- Islamic education was more comprehensive than the logical positivism in the steps of the scientific method (research) in studying natural phenomena and various fields of knowledge, due to its dependence mainly on the divine (revelation) source which is from God Almighty being the source of knowledge and knowledge.

Positivism in the social sciences

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Kincaid
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Social Research ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Social Convention ◽  
The Social

Positivism originated from separate movements in nineteenth-century social science and early twentieth-century philosophy. Key positivist ideas were that philosophy should be scientific, that metaphysical speculations are meaningless, that there is a universal and a priori scientific method, that a main function of philosophy is to analyse that method, that this basic scientific method is the same in both the natural and social sciences, that the various sciences should be reducible to physics, and that the theoretical parts of good science must be translatable into statements about observations. In the social sciences and the philosophy of the social sciences, positivism has supported the emphasis on quantitative data and precisely formulated theories, the doctrines of behaviourism, operationalism and methodological individualism, the doubts among philosophers that meaning and interpretation can be scientifically adequate, and an approach to the philosophy of social science that focuses on conceptual analysis rather than on the actual practice of social research. Influential criticisms have denied that scientific method is a priori or universal, that theories can or must be translatable into observational terms, and that reduction to physics is the way to unify the sciences. These criticisms have undercut the motivations for behaviourism and methodological individualism in the social sciences. They have also led many to conclude, somewhat implausibly, that any standards of good social science are merely matters of rhetorical persuasion and social convention.

scholarly journals O MÉTODO PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE APLICATIVO-GUIA NO MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM ENFERMAGEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanda Aparecida Tolari ◽  
Márcia Helena De Souza Freire
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
Nursing Diagnoses ◽  
Pediatric Donors ◽  
Nursing Professional ◽  
Tecnología Educativa

Objetivo: Descrever o método de desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia educacional, na modalidade de aplicativo-guia, para o manejo do potencial doador pediátrico, realizada como produto do Mestrado Profissional. Metodologia: relato de um método científico aplicado. Utilizou-se os passos propostos por Echer, com a perspectiva de apresentar o percurso para a produção da Tecnologia Educacional. Resultados: A construção está sustentada na Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas, nos Diagnósticos e Intervenções de Enfermagem. Foi realizado mapeamento cruzado, dos indicadores selecionados, a partir das necessidades humanas básicas, decorrentes das alterações fisiopatológicas e as percebidas na avaliação clínica, com os Diagnósticos de Enfermagem, segundo taxonomia de NANDA-I e Intervenções de enfermagem baseadas nos diagnósticos, sob a ótica da manutenção dos órgãos a serem doados. Conclusão: O Aplicativo-guia subsidiará o Enfermeiro no planejamento da assistência de enfermagem segura e propiciará um impacto social no processo de transplantes em pediatria.Descritores: Morte Encefálica, Métodos, Tecnologia Educacional, Processo de Enfermagem.THE METHOD FOR BUILDING GUIDE APPLICATIONS IN THE NURSING PROFESSIONAL MASTERObjective: To describe the method of development of an educational technology as a guide application for the management of potential pediatric donors, carried out as a product of the Professional Master. Methodology: report of an applied scientific method. The steps proposed by Echer5 were used, with the perspective of presenting the path for the production of Educational Technology. Results: It is supported by the Theory of Basic Human Needs, Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions. Cross-mapping of selected indicators was performed based on basic human needs, resulting from pathophysiological changes and those perceived in clinical evaluation, with Nursing Diagnoses, according to NANDA-I taxonomy and Nursing interventions based on nursing diagnoses, under the optics of the maintenance of the organs to be donated. Conclusion: The Guide application will support the Nurse in the planning of safe nursing care and will provide a social impact on the process of transplantation in pediatrics.Descriptors: Brain Death, Methods, Educational Technology, Nursing Process.EL MÉTODO PARA LA APLICACIÓN DE LA GUÍA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN EN EL MAESTRO PROFESIONAL DE ENFERMERÍAObjetivo: Describir el método de desarrollo de una tecnología educativa como una aplicación de guía para el manejo de posibles donantes pediátricos, realizada como producto del Master Profesional. Metodología: informe de un método científico aplicado. Se utilizaron los pasos propuestos por Echer5, con la perspectiva de presentar el camino para la producción de Tecnología Educativa. Resultados: está respaldado por la Teoría de las necesidades humanas básicas, los diagnósticos e intervenciones de enfermería. El mapeo cruzado de los indicadores seleccionados se realizó con base en las necesidades humanas básicas, como resultado de los cambios fisiopatológicos y los percibidos en la evaluación clínica, con los Diagnósticos de Enfermería, de acuerdo con la taxonomía NANDA-I y las intervenciones de Enfermería basadas en diagnósticos de enfermería, bajo La óptica del mantenimiento de los órganos a donar. Conclusión: La aplicación de la Guía apoyará a la Enfermera en la planificación de la atención de enfermería segura y proporcionará un impacto social en el proceso de trasplante en pediatría.Descriptores: Muerte Cerebral, Métodos, Tecnología Educativa, Proceso de Enfermería.

Discovering the foundational philosophies, practices, and influences of modern management theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric B. Dent ◽  
Pamela Bozeman
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Darwinism ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Critical Area ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modern Management ◽  
Current State ◽  
Unexplored Area

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to discuss the factors that influenced the establishment of modern management into the pervasive force it is today. It briefly describes modern management and discusses the reasons for this gap in knowledge in such a critical area. The main analysis of the paper focuses on the following social ideas and influences that created the conditions for modern management to be formed and established: social Darwinism and religion, the rise of social science, the promise of the scientific method, and the perspectives of the business tycoons. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyzes the prevailing trends of the late 1800 s to determine which had the greatest influence on the formation of modern management. Findings – This paper concludes that the greatest factors on the establishment of modern management were social Darwinism and the promise of the scientific method. These, then, provided the perfect environment for Frederick W. Taylor to become the embodiment and popularizer of modern management. Perhaps, surprisingly, Christianity had little influence. Originality/value – Now that the prevailing influences of modern management have been surfaced, scholars and practitioners can more effectively critique the current state of management and determine whether legacy assumptions and influences are still valid, or whether modern management should change in some way(s) to better reflect accurate assumptions and influences operative today. The anonymous reviewers of this paper have found this analysis to be provocative and challenging. They have also concluded that a single article cannot do justice to such an important, yet relatively unexplored area. Consequently, the authors hope that other researchers will also be provoked to join in this important task.

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