Social Hoarding and a Load Size-Distance Relationship in Gray Jays

The Condor ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Waite
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Isnaini ◽  
Busmin Gurning ◽  
Edy Setia

This study deals with politeness strategies in political language. The aim of the study is to describe how Indonesian politicians realize politeness in their language. The subject was taken nine parties who have representatives. They come from different parties: Democrat, Golkar, PDIP, PKS, PPP, PKB, PAN, Gerindra and Hanura. Data were classified and verified with reference to the criteria of politeness strategies as determined by Brown & Levinson (1987); cover the bald on record strategy, positive strategy, negative strategy and off-record strategy. The finding show that there were four types of politeness strategies used by Politicians in different of types of illocutionary acts; positive strategy, bald on record strategy, negative strategy, and off-record strategy. The most dominant type of politeness strategies used was positive strategy. The most dominant type was due to fact that speakers in interaction try to get closer the hearers. They use the group identity marker in addressing someone so there is no distance relationship between the speaker and hearer. They also gave the reasons when they speak in order to satisfy the hearer. Key words: politician; political language; politeness strategy


1996 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie M. Weaver ◽  
Robert P. Heaney ◽  
Dorothy Teegarden ◽  
Sharilyn M. Hinders

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Tiberi ◽  
Nunzia Fontana ◽  
Mauro Costagli ◽  
Riccardo Stara ◽  
Laura Biagi ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-178
Author(s):  
Reza Umami Zakiyah ◽  
Eneng Nuraeni

Ideally, a married couple lives together to carry out their respective duties and obligations. However, because the demands of work cause some of them must be far apart and live the life of Long Distance Relationship (LDR) as happened in Batujaya Village, Kec. Batujaya, Kab. Karawang. The problem that arises is how the pattern of fulfilling the rights and obligations of husband and wife in Batujaya Village, Kec. Batujaya, Kab. Karawang. How to communicate on LDR and how to overcome the difficulties that arise between the two. Through research using descriptive analysis method, the results of the study show that: (1) The pattern of fulfilling the rights and obligations of a husband and wife who are on a LDR at Batujaya Village, Kec. Batujaya, Kab. Karawang can be understood in three aspects, namely the Financial/material aspect is done by meeting in person/transferring money through Alfamart/ATM/POS. The biological aspect when far apart is by interacting by telephone, occupying with homework. Psychological aspects, namely by giving attention over the phone or when meeting by serving all their needs. (2) The way of LDR husband and wife communication via telephone, massage, whatsapp, and video call, but for those who do not use the telephone as a communication tool, the communication is carried out directly when meeting. (3) The way to overcome the difficulties that arise between the two is to maintain mutual trust, understanding, commitment, intensive communication, mutual attitude. The difficulties faced are financial, trust, communication, cooperation and sexual needs.Idealnya pasangan  suami istri hidup bersama dalam satu  rumah untuk melaksanakan tugas dan kewajiban masing-masing. Namun, karena tuntutan pekerjaan menyebabkan sebagian dari mereka harus berjauhan dan menjalani kehidupan Long Distance Relationship (LDR) seperti yang terjadi di Desa Batujaya, Kec. Batujaya, Kab. Karawang. Masalah  yang timbul yaitu bagaimana pola pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban suami istri di Desa Batujaya, Kec. Batujaya, Kab. Karawang. Bagaimana cara komunkasi suami istri LDR dan bagaimana cara mengatasi kesulitan yang timbul diantara keduanya. Melalui penelitian yang menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis ini, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Pola pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban suami istri Long Distance Relationship (LDR) di Desa Batujaya, Kec. Batujaya. Kab. Karawang dipahami dalam tiga aspek yaitu Aspek Finansial/materi dilakukan dengan pola bertemu langsung/mentransfer uang melalui Alfamart/ATM/POS. Aspek biologis ketika berjauhan yaitu dengan berinteraksi melalui telepon, menyibukan diri dengan pekerjaan rumah. Aspek psikologis yaitu dengan memberikan perhatian lewat telepon ataupun saat bertemu secara langsung dengan melayani segala kebutuhan masing-masing. (2) Cara komunikasi suami istri LDR melalui telephone, sms, whatshap, dan Video call, tetapi untuk mereka yang tidak menggunakan telepon sebagai alat komunikasi, maka komunikasinya dilakukan secara langsung pada saat bertemu. (3) Cara mengatasi kesulitan yang timbul diantara keduanya yaitu saling menjaga kepercayaan, pengertian, komitmen, komunikasi intensif, sikap saling terbuka. Adapun kesulitan yang dihadapi yaitu masalah keuangan, kepercayaan, komunikasi, kerjasama dan kebutuhan seksual.


1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith W. Arnold ◽  
William A. Schwab ◽  
Kent P. Schwirian

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Waite ◽  
K. L. Field

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