Two Soil Science Texts Properties and Management of Forest Soils William L. Pritchett Soil Chemistry Hinrich L. Bohn Brian L. McNeal George A. O'Connor

BioScience ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 840-840
Author(s):  
G. K. Voight
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Science Texts

scholarly journals Effects of Dolomite Liming on Soil Chemistry in Acidic Forest Soils

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Gi Kim ◽  
Tae-Cheol Rhyu ◽  
Joon-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Chemistry

scholarly journals Controls on heterotrophic soil respiration and carbon cycling in geochemically distinct African tropical forest soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bukombe ◽  
Peter Fiener ◽  
Alison M. Hoyt ◽  
Sebastian Doetterl
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Heterotrophic Soil Respiration

Abstract. Heterotrophic soil respiration is an important component of the global terrestrial carbon (C) cycle, driven by environmental factors acting from local to continental scales. For tropical Africa, these factors and their interactions remain largely unknown. Here, using samples collected along strong topographic and geochemical gradients in the East African Rift Valley, we study how soil chemistry and soil fertility, derived from the geochemical composition of soil parent material, can drive soil respiration even after many millennia of weathering and soil development. To address the drivers of soil respiration, we incubated soils from three regions with contrasting geochemistry (mafic, felsic, and mixed sedimentary) sampled along slope gradients. For three soil depths, we measured the potential maximum heterotrophic respiration under stable environmental conditions as well as the radiocarbon content (Δ14C) of the bulk soil and respired CO2. We found that soil microbial communities were able to mineralize C from fossil as well as other poor quality C sources under laboratory conditions representative of tropical topsoils. Furthermore, despite similarities in terms of climate, vegetation, and the size of soil C stocks, soil respiration showed distinct patterns with soil depth and parent material geochemistry. The topographic origin of our samples was not a main determinant of the observed respiration rates and Δ14C. In situ, however, soil hydrological conditions likely influence soil C stability by inhibiting decomposition in valley subsoils. Our study shows that soil fertility conditions are the main determinant of C stability in tropical forest soils. Further, in the presence of organic carbon sources of poor quality or the presence of strong mineral related C stabilization, microorganisms tend to discriminate against these sources in favor of more accessible forms of soil organic matter as energy sources, resulting in a slower rate of C cycling. Our results demonstrate that even in deeply weathered tropical soils, parent material has a long-lasting effect on soil chemistry that can influence and control microbial activity, the size of subsoil C stocks, and the turnover of C in soil. Soil parent material and its lasting control on soil chemistry need to be taken into account to understand and predict C stabilization and rates of C cycling in tropical forest soils.

Influence of adjacent stand on spatial patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen in Eucalyptus and Albizia plantations

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1501-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Ewers ◽  
Dan Binkley ◽  
Michael Bashkin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Spatial Influence ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
Species Mixture

The chemistry and fertility of forest soils can be strongly influenced by tree species. Many studies have addressed the effects of monocultures on forest soil chemistry, but few have examined the effects of varying ratios of species within stands. In the absence of well-designed trials across a range of mixture ratios, we examined the spatial influence of adjacent stands on soil chemistry as a first approximation of the effect of mixed-species stands. We examined soil total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and C/N along transects in adjacent, replicated, 12-year-old plantations of pure Eucalyptussaligna (Sm.) and pure N2-fixing Albiziafalcataria (L.) Fosberg. Soils from the center of the Eucalyptus stands had more C, less N, and higher C/N than soils from the center of the Albizia stands. The effects of the neighbor species were apparent for only about 5 m into the stands. This limited distance of the neighboring plot effect suggests that a species mixture ratio of 5:1 would be the highest ratio that would show any effect of the minor species on these soils.

Impact of wettability distribution on soil rewetting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Benard
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Pore Network Model ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Soil Physics ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Paul Scherrer

<p>Benard P.<sup>1*</sup>, Bachmann J.<sup>2</sup>, Bundschuh U.<sup>3</sup>, Cramer A.<sup>1</sup>, Kaestner A.<sup>4</sup>, Carminati A.<sup>1</sup></p><p><sup>1</sup>Physics of Soils and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland</p><p><sup>2</sup>Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany</p><p><sup>3</sup>Soil Physics, Faculty for Biology, Chemistry, and Earth Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Bavaria, Germany</p><p><sup>4</sup>Paul Scherrer Institute, Lab. for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland</p><p>*corresponding author; [email protected]</p><p>Plant roots and microorganisms engineer soil physical properties on the pore scale. The accumulation of organic residues in forest soils and the release of exudates alter local soil wettability and by that impact soil rewetting. We captured the capillary driven infiltration of water and ethanol in forest soils and model rhizosphere using time-series neutron radiography. Information on the evolution of local soil water and ethanol content were used to estimate the distribution of wettability employing a 3D pore-network model. Estimates derived by inverse modelling were compared to classic measures of soil wettability and a set of contrasting scenarios regarding their impact on soil rewetting.</p>

scholarly journals Heterotrophic soil respiration and carbon cycling in geochemically distinct African tropical forest soils

SOIL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-659
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bukombe ◽  
Peter Fiener ◽  
Alison M. Hoyt ◽  
Laurent K. Kidinda ◽  
Sebastian Doetterl
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Cycling ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Heterotrophic Soil Respiration

Abstract. Heterotrophic soil respiration is an important component of the global terrestrial carbon (C) cycle, driven by environmental factors acting from local to continental scales. For tropical Africa, these factors and their interactions remain largely unknown. Here, using samples collected along topographic and geochemical gradients in the East African Rift Valley, we study how soil chemistry and fertility drive soil respiration of soils developed from different parent materials even after many millennia of weathering. To address the drivers of soil respiration, we incubated soils from three regions with contrasting geochemistry (mafic, felsic and mixed sediment) sampled along slope gradients. For three soil depths, we measured the potential maximum heterotrophic respiration under stable environmental conditions and the radiocarbon content (Δ14C) of the bulk soil and respired CO2. Our study shows that soil fertility conditions are the main determinant of C stability in tropical forest soils. We found that soil microorganisms were able to mineralize soil C from a variety of sources and with variable C quality under laboratory conditions representative of tropical topsoil. However, in the presence of organic carbon sources of poor quality or the presence of strong mineral-related C stabilization, microorganisms tend to discriminate against these energy sources in favour of more accessible forms of soil organic matter, resulting in a slower rate of C cycling. Furthermore, despite similarities in climate and vegetation, soil respiration showed distinct patterns with soil depth and parent material geochemistry. The topographic origin of our samples was not a main determinant of the observed respiration rates and Δ14C. In situ, however, soil hydrological conditions likely influence soil C stability by inhibiting decomposition in valley subsoils. Our results demonstrate that, even in deeply weathered tropical soils, parent material has a long-lasting effect on soil chemistry that can influence and control microbial activity, the size of subsoil C stocks and the turnover of C in soil. Soil parent material and its control on soil chemistry need to be taken into account to understand and predict C stabilization and rates of C cycling in tropical forest soils.

scholarly journals Carbon release from tropical forest soils informed by soil chemistry, fertility, and carbon quality derived from geochemistry of the parent material 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bukombe ◽  
Peter Fiener ◽  
Alison M. Hoyt ◽  
Sebastian Doetterl
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
C Stocks

<p>Tropical forest soils are a vital component of the global carbon (C) cycle and their response to environmental change will determine future atmospheric carbon dioxides (CO<sub>2</sub>). For example, increasing biomass productivity in tropical forests suggests a potential sink for C. However, its storage and stability are driven by factors acting from small to large scale. For tropical Africa, these factors are not well known and documented.  Predicting tropical soil C dynamics ultimately depends on our understanding and the ability to determine the primary environmental controls on soil organic carbon content and respiration.</p><p>Here, using samples collected along strong geochemical gradients in the East African Rift Valley, we demonstrate how soil chemistry and soil fertility, derived from the geochemical composition of soil parent material, can drive soil respiration even in deeply weathered soils. </p><p>To address the drivers of soil respiration, we incubated soils from three regions with contrasting geochemistry (mafic, felsic, and mixed sedimentary). For three soil depths, we measured the potential maximum heterotrophic respiration as well as the radiocarbon isotopic signature (Δ<sup>14</sup>C) of the bulk soil and respired CO<sub>2</sub> under stable environmental conditions. </p><p>We found that soil microbial communities were able to mineralize C from fossil as well as other poor quality C sources under laboratory conditions representative of tropical topsoils. Despite similarities in terms of climate, vegetation, and the size of soil C stocks, soil respiration showed distinct patterns with soil depth and parent material geochemistry. Our study shows that soil fertility conditions are the main determinant of C stability in tropical forest soils. Further, in the presence of organic carbon sources of poor quality or the presence of strong mineral-related C stabilization, microorganisms tend to discriminate against these sources in favor of more accessible forms of soil organic matter as energy sources, resulting in a slower rate of C cycling. </p><p>Our results demonstrate that even in deeply weathered tropical soils, parent material has a long-lasting effect on soil chemistry that can influence and control microbial activity, the size of subsoil C stocks, and the turnover of C in soil. Soil parent material and its lasting control on soil chemistry need to be taken into account to understand and predict C stabilization and rates of C cycling in tropical forest soils. </p>

scholarly journals Restoration of forest soils on reforested abandoned agricultural lands

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V Podrázský ◽  
I. Ulbrichová
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Adsorption Complex ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Humus Accumulation

Restoration of forest soil character after the change of agricultural land use has not been studied yet despite the large areas reforested since the late 40ies of the last century. This process takes place throughout Europe to an increasing extent at present. The reformation of forest soils was studied in the area of Český Rudolec town: Natural Forest Area 16 – Czech-Moravian Uplands, altitude 600–630 m a.s.l., bedrock is built of granites and gneisses, soil type is Cambisol, forest site type 5K1. The process of restoration of a new humus form was analysed in plantations of American red oak (Quercus rubra), Swedish birch (Betula pendula), European larch (Larix europea) and Norway spruce (Picea abies), the site was homogeneous. The particular tree species accumulated 12.81, 13.81, 46.57 and 44.76 t/ha of surface organic matter during the last 30–40 years, these values are typical of forest sites at lower and middle altitudes and corresponding tree species composition. The effect of broadleaved species and conifers was markedly different, in the first case pH in KCl ranged 3.8–3.9 (mineral soil) and 3.5–5.2 (holorganic horizons), being 3.5–3.8 (mineral soil) and 3.1–5.1 (holorganic layers) for the conifers. Visible effects of the particular tree species were also evident in the soil adsorption complex and in the contents of plant available and total nutrients. The results can be summarised and generalised: – the forest soil character is reformed at lower and middle altitudes in a relatively short time from the aspect of surface humus accumulation and basic soil chemistry (30–40 years), – birch exhibited the best revitalisation effect among the studied species, – American red oak and Norway spruce humus accumulation potentials were different although the soil chemistry was comparable, – Norway spruce did not show a remarkable degradation effect until now, – on the contrary, European larch appeared as a site degrading species.

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