The Dark Truth of the Piazza Tales

PMLA ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Donaldson

Although a collection of stories, The Piazza Tales achieve unity by revealing Herman Melville's pessimistic state of mind during the early 1850's. Three persistent concerns of the author run through the six stories that make up the book: the difficulty of human perception, artistic and otherwise; the dangers of human isolation; and the catastrophic effects of human servitude.

In the article, the author studies the isomorphism of nominative models of the fields of spiritual state and physical state, noting that the isomorphism is manifested at all language levels. The presence of significant number lexemes with the erased inner form that binds the nomination of person spiritual condition field with the subjects physical condition field, as well as the presence of semantically stable constructions like the ardor of character, one of which members is also a sign of a physical object, shows that the phenomenon of this isomorphism was inherent in the language over a long period of historical development. Syntactic derivatives with the meaning of a spiritual state are formed from verbs that nominate physical states and processes. Isomorphism of spiritual and physical nominative models is connected with the phenomenon of language economy. According to observations, language, if possible, tends to minimize forms despite to the wealth of meanings; when it comes about spiritual state nomination, the speaker chooses the form which describes the material visible world, what is tangible to all people. The premise of that was such a feature of human perception as synesthesia. The isomorphism of nominating the spiritual and physical state greatly contributed to the objectification and personification of abstract concepts, which affects the consciousness of speakers as well as the conceptualization of ‘state of mind’ nature. The article also notes that the active process in modern language is the expansion of the abstract substances semantics and an increase in the number of concepts with a much more extended abstraction, due to this, the field of a person's spiritual state can also be replenished. Abstraction and extended abstraction are distinguished by the author. Extended abstraction is formed on the basis of polysemicity, the main feature of the extended abstract concept is the expansion of the semantic structure and the formation of a new semantic core, different from the generating base. The article provides examples of semantic abstraction expanding in the abstract substances.


PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fass
Keyword(s):  

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne T. E. Heberlein ◽  
Dennis C. Turner ◽  
Marta B. Manser

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Grier ◽  
H. Thiruvengada ◽  
S. R. Ellis ◽  
P. Havig ◽  
K. S. Hale ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 312-314

Surgical wound complications remain a major cause of morbidity; although usually not life threatening, they reduce the quality of life. They are also associated with excessive health care costs. Wound healing is affected by many factors – wound characteristics, infection, comorbidities and nutritional status of the patient. In addition, though, psychological stress and depression may decrease the inflammatory response required for bacterial clearance and so delay wound healing, as well. Although the patient´s state of mind can be influenced only to a certain extent, we should nevertheless stick to ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) guidelines and try to diminish fear and anxiety by providing enough information preoperatively, pay due attention to postoperative analgesia and seek to provide an agreeable environment.


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