Evaluation of Selective Fungicides and Biocontrol Agents for Suppression of Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight of Maize (Zea mays)

The investigation was carried out for managing leaf and sheath blight of maize (Zea mays L.) by using different fungicides and bio control agents. The bio control agents and fungicides exhibited inhibitory action against the test pathogen under laboratory condition. Field experiment conducted during kharif season 2016 revealed that two sprays of validamycin (0.2%), 30 and 40 days after sowing, gave maximum grain yield (30.0 q/ha) and 100-seed weight (208.0 g) with minimum percentage disease incidence (7%), (severity 1 on 1-5 scale), followed by difenoconazole @ 0.15% and hexaconazole (0.2%) for effective control of BSLB. Use of bio control agents Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens was found as best strategy for BSLB management.

Bulky ligands shape the separation between the large spin carriers to condition field-induced slow magnetic relaxation

Magnetic relaxations in isotropic high spin S = 39/2 cyanido-bridged {Mn9[W(CN)8]6L8(solv)8} clusters tuned by crystal engineering.

Isomorphism in nominative models of abstract substantives with state of mind and physical state meaning

In the article, the author studies the isomorphism of nominative models of the fields of spiritual state and physical state, noting that the isomorphism is manifested at all language levels. The presence of significant number lexemes with the erased inner form that binds the nomination of person spiritual condition field with the subjects physical condition field, as well as the presence of semantically stable constructions like the ardor of character, one of which members is also a sign of a physical object, shows that the phenomenon of this isomorphism was inherent in the language over a long period of historical development. Syntactic derivatives with the meaning of a spiritual state are formed from verbs that nominate physical states and processes. Isomorphism of spiritual and physical nominative models is connected with the phenomenon of language economy. According to observations, language, if possible, tends to minimize forms despite to the wealth of meanings; when it comes about spiritual state nomination, the speaker chooses the form which describes the material visible world, what is tangible to all people. The premise of that was such a feature of human perception as synesthesia. The isomorphism of nominating the spiritual and physical state greatly contributed to the objectification and personification of abstract concepts, which affects the consciousness of speakers as well as the conceptualization of ‘state of mind’ nature. The article also notes that the active process in modern language is the expansion of the abstract substances semantics and an increase in the number of concepts with a much more extended abstraction, due to this, the field of a person's spiritual state can also be replenished. Abstraction and extended abstraction are distinguished by the author. Extended abstraction is formed on the basis of polysemicity, the main feature of the extended abstract concept is the expansion of the semantic structure and the formation of a new semantic core, different from the generating base. The article provides examples of semantic abstraction expanding in the abstract substances.

Evaluation of the Occluding Characteristics of Nanosized Eggshell/Titanium Dioxide with or without Saliva

Objectives The study reports on the effectiveness of a ball-milled nanosized titanium dioxide composite (EB@TiO2) for DH management in comparison with commercial desensitizing paste with and without saliva. Materials and Methods Forty-nine dentine specimens were prepared from extracted bovine anterior teeth. Twenty-one of the specimens were brushed with three desensitizing toothpaste for 7 days, namely: Group 1; EB@TiO2, Group 2; Colgate Pro-relief; and Group 3; Sensodyne repair (n = 7). Twenty-four specimens were brushed with the toothpaste for 7 days and stored in artificial saliva (control) after brushing. Each specimen was subsequently posttreated in citric acid solution to test its stability in acidic condition. Field scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the dentine tubules occlusion. The biocompatibility of the composite was tested using BHK21 cell line. Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the percentage occluded area ratio values for all specimens (α = 0.05). Independent t-test was further used to evaluate the occlusion differences with saliva and without saliva. Results and Conclusions The number of dentine tubules decreased significantly after 7 days of brushing. Overall, the occlusion observe for EB@TiO2 were significantly better than for Colgate Pro-relief and Sensodyne repair (p < 0.05). BHK21 assay suggested that composite had no significant effect on the BHK21 cell line. This study demonstrated that the composite effectively occluded open dentine tubules within 7 days of brushing.

The Manipulator Cleared the Surface of Fluid Pipelines

Manipulator cleared the surface of fluid pipelines is the necessary pipeline engineering construction equipment. Developing an advanced automatic robotic pipeline construction and making it industry can satisfy the needs of pipeline engineering in the country improve mechanization level and work efficiency and reduce labor intensity. According to the actual situation, the paper conform the principle of the robotic work. Analysis the work process of the manipulator, the design gives the optical detection system. This manipulator adopts automatic rotary and feeding, intelligent control and automatic detecting effects and feedback. The movement of the manipulator can been regulated and controlled timely by the photoelectric detection device of the manipulator. It is suitable for cleaning the surface of various pipelines in the complex condition field. This paper studies the revolution，feeding and feedback of the pipeline construction of the manipulator. Finally, study and design a stable running, flexible movement, accurate positioning, the effect is automatically detected and reliable intelligent robot which compatible with the subject. This manipulator can well meet the requirements of operation.

Responses of early lactating dairy Holstein cows to diet containing acid treated lucerne silage

Ensiling of forage rather than drying for hay become more common in many areas because of weather condition, field losses and other risks. Lucerne protein is subjected to extensive degradation during ensiling. Organic and inorganic acids as silage additives could decrease protein degradation of lucerne during ensiling. Cows fed on formic acid treated lucerne silage produced more daily milk and milk per ton of harvested forage. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of diet containing untreated (U) or treated (T) lucerne silage with formic and sulphuric acids on performance of early lactating dairy Holstein cows.

Evaluation of Compaction Methods for Pipe Trench Backfill in Areas of High Water Table

Determining the density of backfill material and attaining the desired degree of compaction in the backfill under a high water table, typical operations in South Florida, present a difficult problem to the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) engineers and contractors. As a first step in seeking the solution to this problem, variations in soil conditions, determined by standard penetration test (SPT) N-values, that corresponded with varying methods of compaction were evaluated. In the experimental phase of the project, five field conditions were tested: Condition A, control dry, backfilling in the dry condition above water; Condition B, dump soil, no compaction, backfilling under the water table, no tamping; Condition C, dump soil, compact per FDOT specifications, no dewatering, backfilling under the water table, tamping with a 2 by 4 as specified; Condition D, control wet, compact per FDOT specifications, dewatering during pipe installation and backfilling with periodic compaction according to FDOT specifications; and Condition E, dump soil, no compaction, dewatering during pipe installation and backfilling by dumping. For each of the five field conditions, SPT N-values were obtained at seven locations. As expected, the highest N-values were obtained for the control dry condition (Field Condition A). The next best set of N-values was obtained for the control wet condition (Field Condition D). This result was also expected. In Field Condition B, backfill was dumped without tamping. In Field Condition C, backfill was compacted by hand tamping in accordance with FDOT specifications (Section 125-8.3.3, 1996). It was evident from the SPT values that the result did not noticeably improve from Condition B to Condition C. In Condition E, dewatering was continued after the pipe segments had been placed and bedded. Lifts of backfill material were dumped without compacting or tamping. The N-values obtained from Field Condition E were not significantly different from the values obtained for either Condition B or C. The provision of hand tamping in the FDOT specifications is questioned as a result of these findings, and the benefit of dewatering, although obvious, is substantiated.