scholarly journals Native and contrast-radiographic examination of the urinary tract

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Govorcin ◽  
Dusan Hadnadjev ◽  
Sanja Stojanovic ◽  
Zorka Lucic ◽  
Ilona Lukac
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Intravenous Urography ◽  
Excretory Urography ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Made In

Introduction Plain x-rays and contrast urography are important for diagnosing urinary tract diseases. The first plain film of the urinary tract was made in 1896, and the first tests using contrasts started in 1904. Excretory urography has been used since 1930. Plain film of the urinary tract Plain films of the urinary tract are used in the kidney area, the area of the ureter and urinary bladder. They also show structures (lumbar and sacral spine and pelvis), muscles (m. iliopsoas) as well as calculi. Excretory urography X-ray visualization of the urinary tract with contrast substances is intravenous urography. It is used for diagnosing diseases of the upper urinary system with symptoms such as: pain, colic, hydronephrosis, as well as acute cortical infections, urinary bladder tumors, etc. Retrograde urography Retrograde urography is a procedure recommended when either the pyelocalyx system or the ureter are not seen unilaterally or bilaterally. Cystography and urethrocystography Cystography is used to visualize the bladder. It is recommended in case of intravesical obstruction. Urethrocystography is a technique for investigation of the anterior and prostatic urethra as well as the neck of the urinary bladder. Conclusion Plain film of the urinary tract, excretory urography, retrograde pyelography, cystography and urethrocystography, used along with ultrasonography, computerized tomography and magnetic resonance, are useful diagnostic procedures which provide accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of chest ultrasound in children with cystic fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Strzelczuk-Judka ◽  
Irena Wojsyk-Banaszak ◽  
Aleksandra Zakrzewska ◽  
Katarzyna Jonczyk-Potoczna
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common genetic disorders in the Caucasian population. The disease has a progressive course and leads to reduced life quality and life expectancy. Standard diagnostic procedures used in the monitoring of CF patients, include methods exposing patients to the ionizing radiation. With increasing life expectancy in CF the cumulative dose of ionising radiation increases, prompting clinicians’ search for safer imaging studies. Despite its safety and availability lung ultrasound (LUS) is not routinely used in the diagnostic evaluation of CF patients.The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of LUS in children with CF compared to chest X-ray, and to assess the diagnostic value of the recently developed LUS score - CF-USS (Cystic Fibrosis Ultrasound Score).LUS was performed in 48 CF children aged from 5 to 18 years (24 girls and 24 boys). LUS consisted in the assessment of the pleura, lung sliding, A-line and B-line artifacts, “lung rockets”, alveolar consolidations, air bronchogram and pleural effusion. Chest radiography was performed in all patients and analyzed according to the modified Chrispin-Norman score. LUS was analyzed according to CF-USS.Correlation between the CF-USS and the modified Chrispin-Norman scores were moderate (R=0.52, p=0.0002) and strong in control studies. In 75% of patients undergoing LUS, small areas of subpleural consolidations were observed, not visible on X-rays. At the same time, LUS was not sensitive enough to visualize bronchial pathology, which plays an important role in assessing the disease progression.ConclusionsLUS constitutes an invaluable tool for the diagnosis of subpleural consolidations. CF-USS results correlate with conventional x-ray modified Chrispin–Norman score. LUS should be considered an accessory radiographic examination in the monitoring of CF patients, and CF-USS may provide clinicians with valuable information concerning the disease progression.

Description of digital fluoroscopic excretory urography in healthy New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 (18) ◽  
pp. 568-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Altuzarra ◽  
Laura Vilalta ◽  
Jaume Martorell ◽  
Rosa Novellas ◽  
Yvonne Espada
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Excretory Urography ◽  
Contrast Study ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits

Disorders of the kidneys and urinary tract are relatively common in rabbits. Survey radiographs and abdominal ultrasound have inherent limitations in the evaluation of the urinary tract in this species; because of that, contrast study modalities are a valuable diagnostic tool in rabbits with urinary disorders. The aims of this study were to describe digital fluoroscopic excretory urography (DFEU) and to determine the urogram phases in healthy New Zealand rabbits. The median time of beginning of the nephrographic and pyelographic phases was 10 seconds (IQR: 10–12 seconds) and 1.39 minutes (IQR: 1.27–1.60 minutes). The median time in which the contrast medium was visible in the urinary bladder was 1.58 minutes (IQR: 1.44–1.72 minutes). Results of this study indicate that DFEU provides a good degree of opacification of the kidneys as well as the ureters, and allows the evaluation of the urogram phases. Text not justifed in the proof version

scholarly journals Risk of Cancer after Lower Urinary Tract Infection: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hung Huang ◽  
Ying-Hsiang Chou ◽  
Han-Wei Yeh ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
Shun-Fa Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary

To investigate the association among lower urinary tract infection (UTI), the type and timing of antibiotic usage, and the subsequent risk of developing cancers, especially genitourinary cancers (GUC), in Taiwan. This retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using 2009–2013 data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. This study enrolled patients who were diagnosed with a UTI between 2010 and 2012. A 1:2 propensity score-matched control population without UTI served as the control group. Multivariate analysis with a multiple Cox regression model was applied to analyze the data. A total of 38,084 patients with UTI were included in the study group, and 76,168 participants without UTI were included in the control group. The result showed a higher hazard ratio of any cancer in both sexes with UTI (for males, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12–1.54; for females, aHR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.08–1.35). Patients with UTI had a higher probability of developing new GUC than those without UTI. Moreover, the genital organs, kidney, and urinary bladder of men were significantly more affected than those of women with prior UTI. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment for more than 7 days associated the incidence of bladder cancer in men (7–13 days, aHR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.50–3.02; >14 days, aHR = 2.73, CI = 1.32–5.64). In conclusion, UTI is significantly related to GUC and may serve as an early sign of GUC, especially in the male genital organs, prostate, kidney, and urinary bladder. During UTI treatment, physicians should cautiously prescribe antibiotics to patients.

Localized Bowel Distension in the Newborn: A Review of the Plain Film Analysis and Differential Diagnosis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-215
Author(s):  
J. Fred Johnson ◽  
Lawrence H. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Left Colon ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Air Trapping ◽  
Bowel Distension ◽  
Distended Bowel ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Small Bowel Atresia ◽  
Bowel Atresia

Neonatal abdominal plain films were prospectively analyzed over a 41-month period in order to generate a differential diagnosis for focal bowel distension during the first 6 weeks of life. A total of 31 examples of locally distended bowel were collected. The study discredits the concept that asymmetrically distended bowel in the newborn is usually caused by necrotizing enterocolitis (only 9/31 cases) and indicates that distended bowel in the lower abdomen or left upper quadrant is often caused by air trapping in normal but redundant rectosigmoid (11 cases) or in distal transverse colon (three cases). Five other pathologic conditions not normally specified in differential diagnoses of focally distended bowel included inguinal hernia (three cases), small bowel atresia (two cases), midgut volvulus (one case), Hirschsprung's disease (one case), and small left colon (one case). The study emphasizes the value of sequential supine and prone filming for distinguishing normal from pathologic dilated loops of bowel.

About the effect of resection of the deferent duct on the tone of the sphincter of the urinary bladder

1903 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
M. A. Vasiliev
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Data ◽  
Deferent Duct ◽  
The One

Beneficial influence is so-called. sexual operations in persons with hypertrophy of prostatae was explained by the advancing atrophy of the last days. But the rapid onset of the result, on the one hand, and the negative data of the microscopic examination of the prostate after the operation, on the other, showed that the atrophy of the prostate was not very good here. In addition to the explanation of this fact, they put a decrease in the congestion of the urinary tract, which was considered an ethological moment for hypertrophy of the prostatae. smyavinoschago duct) on the tone of the sphincteris vesicae, in order to find out in this way partly the clinical significance of these operations.

The relationship between detrusor state and tone of the large intestine and their sphincter apparatus in women with hyperactive urinary bladder

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
S.A. Vozianov ◽  
◽  
M.P. Zakharash ◽  
Yu.M. Zakharash ◽  
N.A. Sevast'yanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Neurogenic Disorders ◽  
Neurogenic Dysfunction ◽  
Lower Urinary

The objective: increase the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of women with a hyperactive bladder, combined neurogenic pathology of the lower urinary tract and distal colon. Patients and methods. The study included 73 women. In assessing the symptoms of clinical manifestations and EMG and UFS data, two groups of patients were identified: the first group – women with increased tone of the neuro-muscular structures of the hyperkinetic type; the second group - women with an increased tone of the neuromuscular structures of the hypokinetic type. In the first group, 37 women were examined, whose mean age was 44.5±2.3 years, and the duration of the disease was 16.7±1.6 months. The second group included 36 women, whose average age was 43.4±2.1 years, and the average duration of the disease was 19.7±1.5 months. Results. The performed treatment showed clinically high efficiency of electrostimulation application depending on the state of the tone of the neuromuscular structures of the lower urinary tract and the distal part of the large intestine, which is confirmed by the data of UFS and EMG. Conclusion. The obtained data allowed to develop and optimize methods of treatment of women with hyperactive urinary bladder with a combined neurogenic pathology of the lower urinary tract and distal division of the large intestine. Key words: neurogenic disorders in urination, intestine neurogenic dysfunction, detrusor, uroflowmetry, electromyography.

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