scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of thioctic (α-lipoic) acid in water and pharmaceutical preparations

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zagorka Koricanac ◽  
Mira Cakar ◽  
Sladjana Tanaskovic ◽  
Tatijana Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Thioctic Acid ◽  
Soluble Product ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
The Stability

A spectrophotometric method is described for the assay of thioctic acid. The method is based on the reaction between the drug and palladium(II) chloride. In this reaction, a yellow-colored, water soluble product with a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio and an absorption maximum at 365 nm was formed. The stability of the formed complex depends on various factors (pH, reaction time, concentration of reagents, ionic strength). Based on these findings, a new method is suggested for the spectrophotometric determination of thioctic acid in pharmaceutical formulations. This method is simple, sensitive and reproducible. .

scholarly journals New Spectrophotometric Determination of Tinofovir in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Majumder ◽  
B. Gopinath ◽  
Girish Koni ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Form ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods

Two new, selective and sensitive visible spectrophotometric methods (method A and B) have been developed for the estimation of tinofovir in bulk and in pharmaceutical preparations. Tinofovir was subjected to acid hydrolysis and this acid hydrolyzed drug was used for the estimation. Method A is based on the reaction with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone in the presence of ferric chloride, to form a colored species with a λmaxat 628.5 nm. Method B is based on the reaction with Folin-ciocalteu phenol’s reagent under alkaline condition with a λmaxat 768 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 5-40 µg/mL for method A and 2-30 µg/mL for method B, respectively. The methods were extended to pharmaceutical formulations and there was no interference from any common pharmaceutical excepients and diluents. The result of analysis has been validated statistically and by recovery studies.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Bromhexine Hydrochloride in Its Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization and Coupling Method

2020 ◽  
pp. 2172-2181
Author(s):  
Saad Hasani Sultan ◽  
Zainab Walid Majed
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dye ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Alkali Medium

A simple, fast, and sensitive spectrophotometric method was suggested for the determination of Bromhexine Hydrochloride (BHH) in its pharmaceutical formulations. The method depends on the diazotization of BHH by sodium nitrite in acidic medium to produce the corresponding diazonium salt. The latter is coupled with phloroglucinol reagent in alkali medium to form a yellow water soluble azo-dye which has a maximum absorption at 405 nm with a molar absorptivity of 2.7×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 and Sandellʼs sensitivity of 0.01517 µg.cm-1. Beerʼs low is obeyed within a concentration range of 0.25-15 µg.mL-1 of BHH. The LOD and LOQ values of the proposed method were 0.087 µg.mL-1 and 0.293 µg.ml-1, respectively. The proposed method was validated with standard methods and successfully applied to the determination of Bromhexine in its pharmaceutical formulations as tablets, syrup, and injections.

scholarly journals USE OF ION ASSOCIATION COMPLEX FORMATION FOR THE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ITOPRIDE HCL IN BULK AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
P. V. Lakshmana Rao ◽  
C. Rambabu
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Itopride Hydrochloride ◽  
Soluble Ion ◽  
Association Complex

Objective: The authors report two simple, accurate and economic spectrophotometric methods A and B for the determination of Itopride hydrochloride in bulk and dosage forms.Methods: The proposed methods are based on the formation of chloroform soluble ion-associates in the presence of acidic dyes namely BPB (Method A) and BCP (Method B) exhibiting lmax at 418 and 418 nm respectively.Results: Beer’s law is found to be obeyed in the concentration range of 2.0-10.0 µg/ml and 2.0-10.0 µg/ml. The molar absorptivities are found to be 1.42x104 and 9.61x103L/mol. cm for methods A and B. These methods are successfully applied for the assay of Itopride hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations.

scholarly journals Eco- Friendly Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Determination of Allopurinol in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Environmental Wastewater Samples: Application to Content Uniformity Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nief Rahman Ahmed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Content Uniformity Testing ◽  
Wastewater Samples

A simple, economical and sensitive UV spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of allopurinol in environmental wastewater samples and, pharmaceutical preparations which shows maximum absorbance at 250 nm in distilled water. Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 1 - 20 μg/ ml, with molar absorptive of 0.628 x104 l/mol.cm L.mol-1.cm-1 .The method was successfully applied to the determination of allopurinol in some pharmaceutical formulations (tablets) and industrial wastewater samples. The proposed method was validated by sensitivity and precision which proves suitability for the routine analysis of allopurinol in true samples.

scholarly journals Utilização dos métodos automáticos em fluxos com detecção espectrofotométrica na determinação de diclofenaco de sódio em formulações farmacêuticas e fluidos corporais

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Barrros Gomes ◽  
Victor Elias Mouchrek Filho ◽  
Rayone Wesly Santos de Oliveira ◽  
Adriana Pereira Everton ◽  
Jonas Batista Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Sequential Injection Analysis ◽  
Sequential Injection ◽  
Para Determinar

Este trabalho descreveu e comparou quatro estudos entre si que utilizaram métodos automáticos em fluxo com detecção espectrofotométrica e a reação de oxidação do diclofenaco para determinar diclofenaco em formulações farmacêuticas e fluidos corporais. Para isso, utilizamos os seguintes artigos: Versatility of a multicommuted flow system in the spectrometric determination of three analytes, Sequential injection spectrophotometric method for the assay of anti-inflammatory diclofenac sodium in pharmaceutical preparations, Screening of conditions controlling spectrophotometric sequential injection analysis e Sequential injection spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac in urine and pharmaceutical formulations e detalhamos as metodologias empregadas, os resultados, conclusões obtidas e comparamos entre eles os limites de detecção, desvio padrão relativo e a frequência analítica. Os resultados mostraram diferenças significativas entre métodos empregados e a utilização do Sistema automático do tipo Análise por Injeção Sequencial, apesar deste possuir menor frequência analítica.

scholarly journals Simple UV Spectrophotometric Determination of Rosuvastatin Calcium in Pure Form and in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Gupta ◽  
P. Mishra ◽  
K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Rosuvastatin Calcium ◽  
Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method

A new, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method in ultraviolet region has been developed for the determination of rosuvastatin calcium in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations. Rosuvastatin exhibits absorption maxima at 244 nm with apparent molar absorptivity of 7.2345 ×104L/mol.cm in methanol. Beer’s law was found to be obeyed in the concentration range of 2-18 µg/mL. The method is accurate, precise and economical. This method is extended to pharmaceutical preparations. In this method, there is no interference from any common pharmaceutical additives and diluents. Results of the analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of Valsartan in pure form and in its pharmaceutical preparations

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qabas Rashid ◽  
Ruwaida Farman Salih
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Chromogenic Reagent

An easy, rapid and economical spectrophotometric method for  determination of  Valsartan (Val), by reaction with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl) as reagent in an alkaline interemediate. This method is based on the forming of product between (Val) and the chromogenic reagent (NBD-Cl), to produce a brown color at (pH 11.9) and λmax. 470 nm.  Beer’s Law is obeyed at the concentrations range of (0.4-14.8 µg/ml), with molar absorptivity of (1.05×104 L/mol.cm) and correlation coefficient 0.9827, The limit of detection was 0.557 µg/ml. The suggested method was prosperity implement to the determination of (Val) in  pure form and in its pharmaceutical formulations (tablets).

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Adefovir Dipivoxil in bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Y. N. Manohara ◽  
K. P. Channabasawaraj ◽  
Manish Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Acid Sodium Salt ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Two selective and sensitive spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the estimation of adefovir dipivoxil in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations. Adefovir dipivoxil was subjected to acid hydrolysis and the hydrolysed product used for the estimation. The methods are based on the reaction with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone in the presence of ferric chloride, to form a colored species with absorption maxima at 627 nm. The second method is based on the reaction of drug with 1,2 naphthaquinone -4-sulphonic acid sodium salt, under alkaline conditions which absorbs maximally at 454 nm. Beers law is obeyed in the concentration range of 5-25 µg/mL and 2-10 µg/mL respectively. These methods were extended to pharmaceutical formulations and there was no interference from excepients and diluents. The analytical parameters were evaluated.

Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Salbutamol by Coupling with Diazotized 4-Aminobenzoic acid

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Hadi ◽  
Gufran Salim
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Trace Determination ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Colored Product ◽  
Versus Concentration

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotmetric method for trace determination of salbutamol (SAL) in aqueous solution and in pharmaceutical preparations is described. The method is based on the diazotization coupling reaction of the intended compound with 4-amino benzoic acid (ABA) in alkaline medium to form an intense orange, water soluble dye that is stable and shows maximum absorption at 410 nm. A graph of absorbance versus concentration indicates that Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 0.5-30 ppm, with a molar absorbtivity 3.76×104 L.mol-1 .cm-1 depending on the concentration of SAL. The optimum conditions and stability of the colored product have been investigated and the method was applied successfully to the determination of SAL in dosage forms.

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