scholarly journals Interpretation of Serbian surface sediment maturation parameters based on factor analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 611-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Sainovic ◽  
Ksenija Stojanovic ◽  
Ivan Filipovic ◽  
Olga Cvetkovic ◽  
Branimir Jovancicevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Aliphatic Chains

The factor analysis, used in this work for the interpretation of maturation parameters observed in an exploration study of a group of surface sediments of diverse age originating from different localities in Serbia, resulted in two significant factors. Factor 1 involved parameters related mainly to maturation changes within the aliphatic chains of the organic matter and factor 2 involved parameters based mainly on changes in the terpane and sterane rings. A statistically significant inversely proportional linear dependence between factors 1 and 2 was observed with older, in contrast to younger sediments, suggesting that the reactions of the aliphatic chains in the older sediments did not occur simultaneously with the reactions in the rings and, also, that the older surface sediments examined in this study may be characterized by a degree of thermal maturity corresponding to changes in the biomarker sterane and terpane rings, while the younger sediments by intensive changes in the aliphatic chains.

scholarly journals Investigation of pretertiary and tertiary surface sediments from Serbia: Organic geochemical interpretation

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Branimir Jovancicevic ◽  
Aleksandar Sainovic ◽  
Olga Cvetkovic ◽  
Ivan Filipovic ◽  
Petar Asanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Organic Substance ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Bulk Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Direct Proportionality ◽  
Limiting Value

Samples of surface sediments originating from different localities in Serbia which contained more than 0.5 % organic matter were investigated in this paper. According to age, these samples were classified into two groups sediments of pretertiary age and sediments of tertiary age. Bulk and specific organic geochemical parameters were determined for their methylene chloride-methanol extracts, aimed at controling the relationship between the age of the sediment and the maturity of its organic substance. In this sense a general direct proportionality was observed. However, a better linear dependence of the bulk parameters was observed in the case of younger, tertiary sediments. That is to say, with samples of pretertiary age the organic matter maturity was approaching a definite limiting value contributing to an inferior linear dependence of their bulk maturation parameters. Nevertheless, the dependence was found to be preserved with specific maturation parameters (e.g., CPI; Fit/n-C18), the changes of which are generally more intensive at higher maturity degrees.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages from Freshwater Lakes, South Georgia, Sub-Antarctic: Modern Analogues from Particulate Organic Matter and Surface Sediments

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G Moreton ◽  
Gunhild C Rosqvist ◽  
Sarah J Davies ◽  
Michael J Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Important Region ◽  
The Difference

Lake sediments have the potential to preserve proxy records of past climate change. Organic material suitable for radiocarbon dating often provides age control of such proxy records. Six shallow freshwater lakes on the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia were investigated for carbon reservoir effects that may influence age-depth profiles from lake sediment records in this important region. Paired samples of particulate organic matter (POM) from the water column and surface sediment (bulk organic carbon) were analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry 14C. POM in 4 lakes was found to be in equilibrium with the atmosphere (~107% modern), whereas 2 lakes showed significant depletion of 14C. In each lake, the surface sediment ages were older than the paired POM age. Surface sediment ages showed a much greater range of ages compared to the equivalent POM ages, even for lakes located in close proximity. We conclude that sediment disturbance during coring, bioturbation, and periodic resuspension of sediments are likely factors causing the difference in the apparent age of surface sediments.

Particle Size Effects on Concentration of Metals in Lake Erie Bottom Sediments

1984 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Mudroch
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Sediment Samples

Abstract Surface sediment samples obtained at the offshore and nearshore area of Lake Erie were separated into eight different size fractions ranging from <2 µm to 250 µm. The concentration of major elements (Si, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Mn and P), metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, V, Co and Pb) and organic matter was determined together with the mineralogical composition and morphology of the particles in each size fraction. The distribution of the metals in the offshore sediment was bimodal with the majority of the metals divided between the 63 to 250 um size fraction which also contained the highest concentration of organic matter (about 20%) and the <4 µm fraction containing up to 60% of clay minerals. However, the metals in the nearshore sediment were associated mainly with the clay minerals.

scholarly journals Composition of Sedimentary Organic Matter across the Laptev Sea Shelf: Evidences from Rock-Eval Parameters and Molecular Indicators

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3511
Author(s):  
Elena Gershelis ◽  
Andrey Grinko ◽  
Irina Oberemok ◽  
Elizaveta Klevantseva ◽  
Natalina Poltavskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Nearshore Sediments ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Molecular Indicators ◽  
Sedimentation Regime ◽  
The Laptev Sea

Global warming in high latitudes causes destabilization of vulnerable permafrost deposits followed by massive thaw-release of organic carbon. Permafrost-derived carbon may be buried in the nearshore sediments, transported towards the deeper basins or degraded into the greenhouse gases, potentially initiating a positive feedback to climate change. In the present study, we aim to identify the sources, distribution and degradation state of organic matter (OM) stored in the surface sediments of the Laptev Sea (LS), which receives a large input of terrestrial carbon from both Lena River discharge and intense coastal erosion. We applied a suite of geochemical indicators including the Rock Eval parameters, traditionally used for the matured OM characterization, and terrestrial lipid biomarkers. In addition, we analyzed a comprehensive grain size data in order to assess hydrodynamic sedimentation regime across the LS shelf. Rock-Eval (RE) data characterize LS sedimentary OM with generally low hydrogen index (100–200 mg HC/g TOC) and oxygen index (200 and 300 CO2/g TOC) both increasing off to the continental slope. According to Tpeak values, there is a clear regional distinction between two groups (369–401 °C for the inner and mid shelf; 451–464 °C for the outer shelf). We suggest that permafrost-derived OM is traced across the shallow and mid depths with high Tpeak and slightly elevated HI values if compared to other Arctic continental margins. Molecular-based degradation indicators show a trend to more degraded terrestrial OC with increasing distance from the coast corroborating with RE results. However, we observed much less variation of the degradation markers down to the deeper sampling horizons, which supports the notion that the most active OM degradation in LS land-shelf system takes part during the cross-shelf transport, not while getting buried deeper.

scholarly journals Characterization of Soil Organic Matter Individual Fractions (Fulvic Acids, Humic Acids, and Humins) by Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Techniques in Agricultural Soils

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga ◽  
Romualda Bejger ◽  
Guillaume Debaene ◽  
Bożena Smreczak
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Aliphatic Chains

The objective of this paper was to investigate the molecular characterization of soil organic matter fractions (humic substances (HS): fulvic acids-FAs, humic acids-HAs, and humins-HNs), which are the most reactive soil components. A wide spectrum of spectroscopic (UV–VIS and VIS–nearIR), as well as electrochemical (zeta potential, particle size diameter, and polydispersity index), methods were applied to find the relevant differences in the behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties of HS fractions derived from various soils. Soil material (n = 30) used for the study were sampled from the surface layer (0–30 cm) of agricultural soils. FAs and HAs were isolated by sequential extraction in alkaline and acidic solutions, according to the International Humic Substances Society method, while HNs was determined in the soil residue (after FAs and HAs extraction) by mineral fraction digestion using a 0.1M HCL/0.3M HF mixture and DMSO. Our study showed that significant differences in the molecular structures of FAs, Has, and HNs occurred. Optical analysis confirmed the lower molecular weight of FAs with high amount of lignin-like compounds and the higher weighted aliphatic–aromatic structure of HAs. The HNs were characterized by a very pronounced and strong condensed structure associated with the highest molecular weight. HAs and HNs molecules exhibited an abundance of acidic, phenolic, and amine functional groups at the aromatic ring and aliphatic chains, while FAs mainly showed the presence of methyl, methylene, ethenyl, and carboxyl reactive groups. HS was characterized by high polydispersity related with their structure. FAs were characterized by ellipsoidal shape as being associated to the long aliphatic chains, while HAs and HNs revealed a smaller particle diameter and a more spherical shape caused by the higher intermolecular forcing between the particles. The observed trends directly indicate that individual HS fractions differ in behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties, which reflects their binding potential to other molecules depending on soil properties resulting from their type. The determined properties of individual HS fractions are presented as averaged characteristics over the examined soils with different physico-chemical properties.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Assessment of Petroleum Activities in Surface Sediments, Suez Gulf, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Magda M. Abou El-Safa ◽  
Mohamed Gad ◽  
Ebrahem M. Eid ◽  
Ashwaq M. Alnemari ◽  
Mohammed H. Almarshadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Surf Zone ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Suez Gulf

The present study focuses on the risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems by evaluating the current situation of heavy metals in seven locations (North Amer El Bahry, Amer, Bakr, Ras Gharib, July Water Floud, Ras Shokeir, and El Marageen) along the Suez Gulf coast that are well-known representative sites for petroleum activities in Egypt. One hundred and forty-six samples of surface sediments were carefully collected from twenty-seven profiles in the intertidal and surf zone. The hydrochemical parameters, such as pH and salinity (S‰), were measured during sample collection. The mineralogy study was carried out by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and the concentrations of Al, Mn, Fe, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn, Cd, and Pb were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectra (ICP-MS). The ecological risks of heavy metals were assessed by applying the contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (RI). The mineralogical composition mainly comprised quartz, dolomites, calcite, and feldspars. The average concentrations of the detected heavy metals, in descending order, were Al > Fe > Mn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Zn > Ni > Co > Cd. A non-significant or negative relationship between the heavy metal concentration in the samples and their textural grain size characteristics was observed. The coastal surface sediment samples of the Suez Gulf contained lower concentrations of heavy metals than those published for other regions in the world with petroleum activities, except for Al, Mn, and Cr. The results for the CF, EF, and Igeo showed that Cd and Pb have severe enrichment in surface sediment and are derived from anthropogenic sources, while Al, Mn, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn originate from natural sources. By comparison, the PLI and RI results indicate that the North Amer El Bahry and July Water Floud are considered polluted areas due to their petroleum activities. The continuous monitoring and assessment of pollutants in the Suez Gulf will aid in the protection of the environment and the sustainability of resources.

Sources and distribution of allochthonous organic matter in surface sediment from the Seomjin River to the southern inner shelf of Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-499
Author(s):  
Adegoke Olugboyega Badejo ◽  
Sangmin Hyun ◽  
Wonnyon Kim ◽  
Se-Jong Ju ◽  
Bareum Song
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Allochthonous Organic Matter ◽  
Inner Shelf ◽  
Seomjin River

scholarly journals Linking patterns of freshwater discharge and sources of organic matter within the Río de la Plata estuary and adjacent marshes

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Bergamino ◽  
Mark Schuerch ◽  
Adriana Tudurí ◽  
Silvina Carretero ◽  
Felipe García-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Freshwater Discharge ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Rio De La Plata ◽  
Río De La Plata ◽  
La Plata ◽  
Matter Transport

We investigated carbon isotopic ratios (δ13C) v. carbon to nitrogen (C : N) ratios for surface sediments throughout a large estuarine system (Río de la Plata, RdlP), combined with sediment cores from adjacent marshes to infer main carbon sources. We also evaluated the influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and associated high freshwater-discharge events on the organic-matter transport within the estuary. The isotopic pattern in surface sediments of the RdlP showed the upper reaches to be influenced by riverine particulate matter (δ13C range: –24 to –26‰). Similarly, in the sediment cores from marshes of the upper reaches, δ13C values decreased from –24‰ in ancient sediments to –28‰ in recent sediments, reflecting an increased contribution of organic matter from land, including C3 plants and freshwater phytoplankton, during the past 50 years. However, the lower reaches represent a depositional environment of marine algae (δ13C range: –21 to –23‰), with no influence of detritus from adjacent marshes, indicating minor erosion of the marshes in the lower reaches operating as carbon-sink habitats. Our isotopic analysis showed that the transport and deposition of terrigenous organic matter within the RdlP and adjacent marsh habitat appear to be both temporally and spatially linked to hydrology patterns.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document