scholarly journals The possibility of crop cultivation and utilization of edible gum from herb (Dorema ammoniacum D. Don) in dryland farming

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barat Gholami ◽  
Mahdi Faravani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Dryland Farming ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Plot Structure ◽  
Semi Arid

Gum ammoniacum (Dorema ammoniacum D. Don) is one of the most important food, industrial and medicinal plants of Iran which is mainly distributed in semi-arid and desert areas. It is endangered due to superfluous and unsustainable harvesting methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of crop cultivation in terms of dryland farming and the best operation method for collecting gum resin. For this purpose, the effects of different scarification methods (traditional, concave and staircase) and cut-off frequencies (5, 10 and 13 times) on gum yield of the five-year-old plants were studied at Toroq farm in Mashhad. The treatments were studied under a split plot structure in time experiment which was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The rate of the root gum production and the rate of plant survival in the years after the withdrawal were measured, and finally the data were analyzed. Results showed no significant differences among cutting methods at p<0.05. The yield of gum was affected by times of harvesting and the highest yield was observed (p<0.01) in 13 cut-off times with 31.67 g/plant. The lowest gum yields were seen in 5 cut-off times with 5.84 g/plant. The traditional cutting method destroyed crown buds and caused the death of the plant (p<0.01). Reasonable gum yields and plant regeneration rates were obtained with the use of stairs method which is an easy method to be applied by the farmers or beneficiaries.

scholarly journals Effects of different cutting methods and times of cutting on growth performance and gum resin production of ferula assa-foetida

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Barat Gholami ◽  
Mahdi Faravani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Cutting Method ◽  
North East ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid

Ferula assa-foetida L. is an important industrial and medicinal plant of Iran which is mainly distributed in arid and semi-arid areas of Khorasan province in north east of the country. Gum of this plant is widely used in pharmacological industry. This plant is endangered because of more harvesting and unsustainable harvesting methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cutting methods (conventional, cut of crown part, concave and surface) and times of cutting (5, 10 and 13 times) on gum yield of this species in its wild habitat in Mazar region in Bajistan. The treatments were studied under a factorial experiment which was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Results showed significant differences among cutting methods and times of harvesting. Yield of gum was affected by times of harvesting and the highest yield was obtained in 10 cutting times. The highest and lowest gum yields were obtained in concave method with 10 cutting times (25.24 g/plant) and superficial method with 5 cutting times (2.02 g/plant), respectively. Results showed that conventional cutting method destroys crown buds, which causes death of the plant. The highest gum yields and the best plant regeneration rates were obtained by using of concave method with 10 cutting times.

scholarly journals Regenerasi dan Aklimatisasi Kultur Antera Enam Persilangan F1 Padi Sawah

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Cucu Gunarsih ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi ◽  
Dan Muhamad Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Doubled Haploid Plants ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
N6 Medium ◽  
Haploid Plants

ABSTRACT<br /><br />The breeding of rainfed rice tolerant to drought can be accomplished using anther culture. The objectives of this research were to determine regeneration abilities of six F1 anther culture and its acclimatization ability. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with 14 replications. The treatments consisted of six F1 derived from crossing:  INPARI 18 x IR83140-B-11-B (G1), INPARI 18 x B12825E-TB-1-25 (G2), INPARI 18 x IR87705-14-11-B-SKI-12 (G3), INPARI 22 x IR83140-B-11-B (G4), Bio-R81 x O18b-1 (G5), Bio-R82-2 x O18b-1 (G6). Media for callus induction was based on N6 medium + 2.0 mg L-1 NAA + 0.5 mg L-1 kinetin + 1.0 mM putresin + 60 g L-1 sucrosa, media for regeneration was based on MS + 0.5 mg L-1 NAA + 2.0 mg L-1 kinetin + 1.0 mM  putresin, and media for rooting was based on  MS + 0.5 mg L-1 IBA + 30 g L-1 sucrosa. The result indicated that all six F1 had different ability in anther culture. Bio-R82-2 x O18-b1 (G6) and  Bio-R81 x O18-b1 (G5) F1 genotype had good response both of callus induction and plant regeneration. These two F1 genotypes also gave the highest ratio of green planlet production to number of anther inoculated (GP:AI) were 5.50% and 4.65%,  respectively. In this research, there were identified doubled haploid plants were developed from 4 F1 derived cross namely G2 (2 plants), G3 (4 plants),  G5 (21 plants), and G6 (26 plants).<br /><br />Keywords: Callus induction, doubled haploid, rice<br /><br />

scholarly journals Application of Moringa in the Removal of Salts from the Desalinator Reject

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
A. J. Gomes Filho ◽  
S. C. de Paiva ◽  
G. M. C. Takaki ◽  
A. S. Messias
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

This study aims to analyze the reject produced by the desalinators implanted in the semi-arid Pernambuco in contact with the seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. For this, Moringa seeds were collected and prepared with the following treatments: reject (control), reject with whole seed with and without husks, reject with crushed seed with and without husks, seed residue with and without husks, in five replicas. Each replica was constituted with doses equivalent to 2.0 g of Moringa seeds for 200 mL of reject, with contact time corresponding to 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes, in a completely randomized design, under laboratory conditions, total of 140 experimental units. The physical-chemical and statistical analyses were performed through analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the F test, at confidence interval of 95%. It has been found through laboratory tests that seeds with crushed or ground Moringa husks are equally effective at adsorbing sodium from 1,868,0 mg/L to 24,6 mg/L (98,7 %), calcium from 1,005.0 mg/L to 894.6 mg/L (11%), magnesium from 741.0 mg/L to 728.3 mg/L (1.7%) and chloride from 6,997.5 mg/L to 6,782.4 mg/L (1.8%). Therefore, Moringa seed can be considered promising in the adsorption of chemical elements of saline water desalinizers.

Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activity in canola under salt stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Abili ◽  
Sajjad Zare
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid

Salinity is one of the major stresses in arid and semi-arid regions causing adverse effects at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels, limiting crop productivity. In this research, three canola cultivars (Licord, Talayeh, Zarfam) were compared at 5 salinity levels (control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) for their catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activity,proline and yield in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. In our study, we found that NaCl concentrations greater than 150 and 200 mM caused the irreversible disorders. Increased salt concentrations led to significant changes in the levels of antioxidative enzymes and proline in three canola cultivars. Also, yield rates in three varieties decreased in the presence of NaCl concentrations.

scholarly journals Studi Awal Regenerasi Sowang (Xanthostemon novaguineense Valet.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Sri Wilujeng ◽  
Verena Agustini
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chemical Soil ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up

Sowang (Xanthostemon novaguineense Valet.) is an endemic plant of Cycloops and strictly distributed. Since years, the population of the plants is threatened by human activities through land conversion, forest burning and logging. There are only few seedling grow in Cycloops naturally. Sowang wood is known as a good quality, because of its inherent hardness and high density. Scienfific information about this species is remain unclear. Regarding the plant regeneration, it is also not enough information so far. The study was conducted at three places around Cycloops areas namely Waena, Doyo Baru (sowing habitat) dan Wambena (no sowang areas) of Jayapura Regency, Papua and also greenhouse of FMIPA Cenderawasih University. The experimental units were set up in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments. Each experiment was carried out in three replicated and each replicate includes 100 seeds. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by LSD α=0.05. The result showed that there is no relation between geographical distribution of Sowang at Cycloops and the phisical and chemical soil. All type of soil used in this study was good as media of the seed germination. Regarding the ratio of the sapling population, the germination is still low only 18%, the seedling only survive for 38 days after sowing. Key words: Cycloops, regeneration, Sowang, Papua.

scholarly journals Biometry in Umbu fruits from the semi-arid region of Paraiba

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Rodrigo Araújo Pereira ◽  
Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽  
Angela Maria dos Santos Pessoa ◽  
Erika Socorro Alves Graciano de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Umbu fruits from four municipalities of Paraíba were morphologically characterized in order to identify promising genotypes for fresh consumption and agro-industrial use. We used 400 fruits from parent plants located in São Vicente do Seridó, Queimadas, Boqueirão, and Cabaceiras and 40 commercial fruits from two open fairs in Campina Grande, PB. The experimental unit consisted of ten fruits. The fruits were analyzed for total mass (MTF), length (LC), diameter (DF), fresh matter (MMF), yield (RF), and presence of hairs. In the endocarps, mass (ME), length (CE), diameter (DE), and width (LE) were the evaluated parameters. A completely randomized design was adopted, the data were subjected to variance analysis, and the means were compared by the Tukey test and principal component analysis. The fruits from Queimadas and São Vicente do Seridó showed the best morphological characters with regard to mass, length, diameter, fresh matter, and fruit yield, and were the most promising for agro-industrial commercialization. The fruits from Boqueirão showed the highest endocarp mass. Most fruits showed hairs on the peel, except the commercial ones. Four groups of municipalities were formed, with the fruits from Queimadas showing the largest size, while the fruits from São Vicente de Seridó and Soledade showed the highest yield.

scholarly journals Haematology and Serum Biomakers of Broiler Birds Fed Graded Levels of Clove (Sygzium aromaticum (L.) Buds Meal in Semi Arid Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
H. B. Usman ◽  
K. M. Aljameel ◽  
M. M. Mika’ilu ◽  
S. A. Maigandi ◽  
A. Z. Sanusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid

The study investigated the effect of graded levels of cloves bud powder on broiler birds. The study was conducted using a total of 288 broiler birds in a Completely Randomized Design Four treatments; four experimental diets where formulated and designated as T1 (control), T2 (0.5kg/100kg), T3 (1Kg/100kg) and T4 (1.5kg/100Kg). At the end of the feeding trial (eighth week), fifteen birds (5 per replicate) from each treatment group were randomly selected for blood collection. About 2ml of blood were collected per bird. Birds in treatment 4 (1.5kg/100kg) had the highest (P<0.05) concentration of haemoglobin and PCV compared to treatment 1 (control) and 3 (1kg/100kg). Significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in albumin, globulin, total protein, HDL, cholesterol, urea, AST and ALT. The result shows that birds fed 1.5/100kg clove buds meal have higher albumin, globulin and total protein. The study conclude that inclusion of clove buds meal up to 1.5/100kg in diet of broiler birds without adverse effect  as in indicated by haematological and serum biochemical of the birds in this study.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF AMBARELLA SEEDLINGS TREATED WITH INDOLE BUTYRIC ACID AND IRRIGATED WITH REUSED WATER

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Jorge Luís Fabricio Queiroz ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Francisco De Queiroz Porto Filho ◽  
Yuri Bezerra de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Is Management ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Semi Arid

Species of the genus Spondias, such as ambarella, are propagated primarily by vegetative parts. However, for planting it is necessary to use plant regulators. In addition to propagation related aspects, the availability of good quality water for seedling production in semi-arid regions is a limiting factor. The objective of this work was to evaluate the rooting of semi-herbaceous cuttings of ambarella using different concentrations of IBA conveyed in solution and talc, irrigated with different concentrations of treated domestic effluent. The experiment was carried out in a nursery with 50% shade in a completely randomized design in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme consisting of four doses of treated domestic effluent (EDT) diluted in water supply [E1 = 0% of EDT (100% AA - control); E2 = 33.3% of EDT (66.7% of AA); E3 = 66.7% of EDT (33.3% of AA) and E4 = 100% of EDT (0% AA)] used in daily irrigation and four IBA dilution managements (M1 = control without IBA, M2 = IBA carried in water at 6,000 mg L-1, M3 = IBA delivered in alcohol (70%) at 4,000 mg L-1 and M4 = IBA in Talc at 5000 mg L-1), with four replicates. The treated domestic effluent is viable for irrigation of ambarella seedlings in its diluted or concentrated. The use of 5,000 mg L-1 of IBA delivered to talc is management satisfactory for the propagation of seedlings of ambarella by means of semi-herbaceous cuttings.

scholarly journals GAS EXCHANGE IN DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF BANANA PRATA IN SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRO DE MAGALHÃES ARANTES ◽  
SÉRGIO LUIZ RODRIGUES DONATO ◽  
DALMO LOPES DE SIQUEIRA ◽  
EUGÊNIO FERREIRA COELHO ◽  
TÂNIA SANTOS SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Semiarid Environment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate gas exchange of banana Prata in two production cycles in semiarid environment. Six cultivars were used as treatments arranged into a completely randomized design with five replications and four plants per plot. For physiological characteristics, it was considered a factorial arrangement of 6x14x2, six cultivars, 14 periods (months), two readings, 8:00 and 14:00 in each period. The rates of gas exchange, the carboxylation efficiency and the instantaneous efficiency of water use were higher at 8:00 and lower at 14:00, with rare exceptions. The ‘BRS Platina’ had a higher leaf temperature, higher transpiration and lower water use efficiency. ‘Prata-Anã’, ‘FHIA-18’ and ‘Maravilha’ expressed lower leaf temperature and lower transpiration. The ‘Maravilha’ is the most efficient in water use. Transpiration increases linearly with the leaf temperature, while the instantaneous efficiency of water use decreases linearly.

scholarly journals Morfofisiologia e produção do algodoeiro herbáceo irrigado com águas salinas eadubado com nitrogênio

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Batista Dos Santos ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Geovani Soares De Lima ◽  
Diego Azevedo Xavier ◽  
Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Absolute Growth Rate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Increase ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid

The high salt concentrations found in irrigation formation of water in semi-arid regions lead to changes on crops growth and development and can lead to halomorphicsoils formation. In this context, it was proposed to evaluate the morphophysiology and production of colored herbaceous cotton BRS Topaz fertilized with nitrogen under a saline-sodic soil and submitted to the irrigation with water of different salinities. The experiment was conducted in an eutrophic sandy quartzarênico Neossol in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, adopting a completely randomized design in 5x5 factorial with three repetitions, with five salinity levels of the the irrigation water (0 7; 2.7; 4.7; 6.7 and 8.7 dS m-1 at 25°C) and five levels of nitrogen (40; 60; 80; 100 and 120 mg of N kg-1). Regarding cotton growth, no effect was observed for the interaction between salinity and soil nitrogen doses. The absolute growth rate for height, stem diameter and leaf area decreased with an increase in the irrigation water electrical conductivity, being leaf area the most affected variable.The number of bolls and the cotton seed production per plant decreased with the salinity increase and increased with in increase of nitrogen fertilization.

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