scholarly journals Analysis of selected elements in water in the drinking water preparation plants in Belgrade, Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Davor Antanasijevic ◽  
Natasa Lukic ◽  
Viktor Pocajt ◽  
Aleksandra Peric-Grujic ◽  
Mirjana Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Cobalt Nickel ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Copper Zinc

Belgrade's water supply relies mainly on the River Sava and groundwater supply wells, which are located in the vicinity of the river and Ada Ciganlija. In this paper, the content of aluminum, boron, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, barium and lead was analyzed in raw water as well as drinking water distributed by the Water Supply and Sewage of Belgrade. A total of 14 samples were examined from all water treatment plants that are part of the distribution system. The measurements were conducted using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique. The aim of this research was to examine the effectiveness of drinking water preparation process in the plants belonging to the Water Supply and Sewage of Belgrade. The content of certain elements varies considerably in raw water (river and groundwater): the concentration of boron in river water is two to three times lower than the concentration in groundwater; the concentration of arsenic in river water is ten to twenty five times lower than the concentration in groundwater; the concentration of aluminum in all groundwater samples was below the detection limit of the instrument (0.50 ?g/dm3), whilst in the river water the content of aluminum was about 50 ?g/dm3 and the concentration of manganese in the river water was up to 10 times lower than the concentrations in groundwater. In all drinking water samples the concentration of the elements were bellow the maximum allowed levels according to the Serbian regulations. Correlation coefficients determined for boron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, barium and lead, which were analyzed in raw waters, show that four groups of elements can be distinguished. Boron, manganese, arsenic and barium are related to each other and probably have a common natural origin; copper and lead probably have a common anthropogenic origin; correlation of nickel and cobalt was observed, while zinc was not in correlation with any other element.

scholarly journals Investigating the occurrence of algae in the drinking water supply system of Harare, Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Pardon Dandadzi ◽  
Zvikomborero Hoko ◽  
Tamuka Nhiwatiwa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Raw Water

Abstract This study assessed the quality of drinking water in the water supply system for the City of Harare (Zimbabwe) by investigating the occurrence of algae and other water quality parameters that affect its growth. At Morton Jaffray Water Treatment Works (MJWTWs), samples were collected from the raw water inlet and treated water outlet points. In the distribution system, samples were collected from selected sites and grouped into four zones (1, 2, 3 and 4). The algal taxonomic groups that were found in both raw and treated water comprised of Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Dinophyceae. It was found out that Microcystis aeruginosa followed by Anabaena were the most abundant species in both raw water and in the distribution system. All measured water quality parameters were within the Standards Association of Zimbabwe and WHO guideline values except for chlorine which had an average residual chlorine concentration that was lower than the WHO recommended lower value of 0.2 mg/L in parts of Zone 2. Morton Jaffray Water Treatment Works does not completely remove algae, and there is a carry-over of algae into the distribution system. Boosting of chlorine is recommended for Zone 2 that had residual chlorine less than the WHO minimum threshold of 0.2 mg/L.

Minimization of the Disinfection by-Product Precursors in Treated Waters Exposed to Ozone and Chlorine

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Shang Chao Yue ◽  
Le Jun Zhao ◽  
Xiu Duo Wang ◽  
Qi Shan Wang ◽  
Feng Hua He
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The objectives of this study were to investigate impact of preoxidation on disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors in drinking water via two different preoxidation methods. The full-scale study was conducted on surface river water in a water supply plant in Tianjin, China. Two treatment trains were performed, with prechlorination and preozonation as preoxidation methods, respectively. The water samples were collected on different stages along the treatment processes and analyzed by following organic parameters: dissolved organic carbon (DOC), UV254 and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA). The results indicated that Train 2 with preozonation was more effective to reduce DBP precursors. Preozonation possessed an excellent ability in the removal of UV254 and SUVA, the removal efficiencies were 25.14% and 18.77%, respectively, comparing to the removal rates of 6.66% and 5.64% during prechlorination, separately.

Suspended particles in the drinking water of two distribution systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gauthier ◽  
B. Barbeau ◽  
R. Millette ◽  
J.-C. Block ◽  
M. Prévost
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
Dissolved Matter

The concentrations of suspended particles were measured in the drinking water of two distribution systems, and the nature of these particles documented. The concentrations of particulate matter were invariably found to be small (maximum 350 μg/L). They are globally in the very low range in comparison with dissolved matter concentrations, which are measured in several hundreds of mg/L. Except during special water quality events, such as turnover of the raw water resource, results show that organic matter represents the most important fraction of suspended solids (from 40 to 76%) in treated and distributed water. Examination of the nature of the particles made it possible to develop several hypotheses about the type of particles penetrating Montreal's distribution system during the turnover period (algae skeleton, clays). These particles were found to have been transported throughout the distribution systems quite easily, and this could result in the accumulation of deposits if their surface charge were ever even slightly destabilised, or if the particles were to penetrate the laminar flow areas that are fairly typical of remote locations in distribution systems.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF IORI RIVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 346-353
Author(s):  
Ketevan KUPATADZE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Tumor Diseases ◽  
Laundry Products ◽  
Household Activities ◽  
Water Supply Company

The article examines the chemical pollution of the Iori River, one of the most important rivers in Georgia. In addition to Georgia, this river is found in Azerbaijan. The study of this river is crucial as LLC United Water Supply Company of Georgia organizes the water supply of big cities and villages of Georgia through Iori water. Furthermore, the population of two big villages independently uses the river water for various household activities: washing (laundry, products, dishware), livestock watering, and irrigation. They do not use it as drinking water. The water of the Iori River was monitored in two sections: village Sasadilo and village Sartichala. In total, 24 samples were taken over the course of 2018 and 2019 years. Some part of the research was conducted on the site through HI83399-02 | Water Wastewater Multiparameter (with COD) Photometer and pH meter device. These studies included pH, BOD, and the temperature was measured directly during sampling. The same device was used for measuring approximate concentrations of heavy metals. At the next stage of the study, an inhabitants survey was conducted to identify their knowledge of environmental cleanliness and safety concerns. As a result of the study, our recommendation to the population is to refrain or restrict the use of untreated river water directly in domesticities. The results of the survey showed that the population has less information about the likelihood of getting heavy metals in the body and developing tumor diseases.

scholarly journals The Customer Satisfaction of the Drinking Water in the Coastal of Semarang and the Risk Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 05015
Author(s):  
Budiyono Budiyono ◽  
Citrandy Pamungkas ◽  
Yusniar Hanani Darundiati
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Good Service ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Supply

The water supply system is vital for inhabitants living in the coastal area. The water supply system in the coastal of Semarang 60% served by private. There is no information related to the private service of deep groundwater supply and customer satisfaction. This was an observational research with a cross-sectional. The samples were 40 of the service providers of deep groundwater and 40 customers obtained by accidental sampling. Data were collected by observation and interviewed by using questionnaires. Statistical analysis used the Chi-Square test with an estimated error of 5%. The results showed that the overall aspects of the service of deep groundwater supply in the good category were 22.5%. The overall perception of customer satisfaction showed in the satisfied category was 55 %. There was a significant association between the less good service of deep groundwater supply and the less satisfaction of the customer under the aspect of quality (p=0.006), quantity (p=0.001), continuity (p<0.001), and the overall of the service aspects (p=0.027). There was no significant association between affordability and the poor perception of customer satisfaction (p=0.736). The research concluded the less good service of deep groundwater supply and less satisfied with the customer in the coastal of Semarang. The quality, quantity, and continuity of drinking water may risk in health customers.

scholarly journals Application of model fitting technique to enhance bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) measurement for drinking water supply monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjin Xue ◽  
Christopher W. K. Chow ◽  
John van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Bacterial Regrowth

Abstract The bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) method was utilised to indirectly measure the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) as an indicator for the assessment of the microbial regrowth potential in drinking water distribution systems. A model using various microbial growth parameters was developed in order to standardise the experimental interpretation for BRP measurement. This study used 82 experimental BRP data sets of water samples collected from the water treatment plant to locations (customer taps) in the distribution system. The data were used to model the BRP process (growth curve) by a data fitting procedure and to obtain a best-fitted equation. Statistical assessments and model validation for evaluating the equation obtained by fitting these 82 sets of data were conducted, and the results show average R2 values were 0.987 for treated water samples (collected at the plant prior to chlorination) and 0.983 for tap water (collected at the customer taps). The F values obtained from the F-test are all exceeded their corresponding F critical values, and the results from the t-test also showed a good outcome. These results indicate this model would be successfully applied in modelling BRP in drinking water supply systems.

scholarly journals Hybrid Hesitant Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method: A Symmetric Analysis of the Selection of the Best Water Distribution System

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2096
Author(s):  
Samayan Narayanamoorthy ◽  
Veerappan Annapoorani ◽  
Samayan Kalaiselvan ◽  
Daekook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Water Project

Every country’s influence and livelihood is centered on that country’s water source. Therefore, many studies are being conducted worldwide to improve and sustain water resources. In this research paper, we have selected and researched the water scheme for groundwater recharge and drinking water supply of drought prone areas. The water project is aimed at connecting the drought prone areas of the three districts of Tamil Nadu to filling up the ponds in their respective villages and raising the ground water level and meeting the drinking water requirement. We have chosen a multi-criteria decision method to select the best alternative in a complex situation. When reviewing the implementation of this water project, many experts and people who will benefit from this project may have some hesitation and ambiguity in their suggestion on choosing the best water distribution system.We believe that the benefits of this project can be fully availed of if we choose a water distribution system. Our contribution in this article is to choose the best water distribution system for this project by use of our proposed multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods, hesitant fuzzy standard deviation with multi-objective optimization method by ratio analysis (HFSDV-MOORA), hesitant fuzzy standard deviation with technique, for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (HFSDV-TOPSIS) and hesitant fuzzy standard deviation with VIsekriterijumsko Kompromisno Rangiranje (HFSDV-VIKOR), which will provide the best solution for improving the water resource for the drought-prone areas of three districts. Finally, we have identified and compared the correlation coefficient between proposed methods. As a result of the study, it has been found that the best water supply system is closed concrete pipes laid along agricultural land through the rural areas.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Raw Water Supply In Pucang Gading Housing Complex, District Of Demak To Preparation Of Water Resources And Water Resources Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Solikhul Abdi ◽  
Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Housing Complex

Pucang Gading Housing Complex is an area within the Village Batursari, District of Demak with a population of 2018 as many as 44,257 inhabitants. Raw water service system Mranggen Unit is divided into 5 areas of service (service area Mranggen, Batursari I, Batursari II, Batursari III and Kebon) which utilize raw water source of water treatment plant (IPA Waru) and 8 Wells In a total discharge of 120 liter/second. The number of home connections in Pucang Gading area is currently 3,374 house connections, with a total water usage 14.25 liter/second Water discharges from clean water sources in Pucang Gading region are currently not maximally available to supply water to Pucang Gading service area. In this research will know the problems and readiness that exist by looking from the achievement of Medium Term Development Plan of Demak Regency Year 2016-2021. This research uses SWOT analysis method that is internal and external factors. The selection of raw water sources for drinking water should pay attention to aspects of quality, quantity and continuity. Demak Regency has the potential of surface water either river/ reservoir/dam. The problems and challenges of drinking water supply include issues of safe access to water supply, and regulation of groundwater utilization for the community.

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