scholarly journals Organ transplantation service in Ukraine — development problems and ways of overcoming

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
O. Nikonenko ◽  
R. Salyutin ◽  
M. Komarov ◽  
S. Palyanitsa
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Single Structure ◽  
And Control ◽  
Transplantation Coordinators

This review describes the present day state of organ and cell transplantation services in Ukraine. Established have been the main challenges of their development and ways of overcoming. The creation of the National Agency on the transplantation and donation would give an opportunity to determine a single structure responsible for the development of all directions of transplantation service and would allow provide functioning of public health care and research institutions extremely necessary for institute of transplantation coordinators. Some kinds of activity need updating and elaboration of new normative documents. It is only clear-cut regulations and control over activities of organ transplantation that would prevent possible legal infringements in this sphere, thus allowing medical professionals in the field of organ transplantation service in Ukraine work on good international standards.

Prenatal Genetic Screening, Epistemic Justice, and Reproductive Autonomy

Hypatia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Amber Knight ◽  
Joshua Miller
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Reproductive Decisions ◽  
Reproductive Autonomy ◽  
Noninvasive Prenatal Testing ◽  
Epistemic Justice ◽  
Reproductive Decision Making ◽  
Testimonial Injustice ◽  
And Control

AbstractNoninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) promises to enhance women's reproductive autonomy by providing genetic information about the fetus, especially in the detection of genetic impairments like Down syndrome (DS). In practice, however, NIPT provides opportunities for intensified manipulation and control over women's reproductive decisions. Applying Miranda Fricker's concept of epistemic injustice to prenatal screening, this article analyzes how medical professionals impair reproductive decision-making by perpetuating testimonial injustice. They do so by discrediting positive parental testimony about what it is like to raise a child with DS. We argue that this testimonial injustice constitutes a twofold harm: (1) people with DS and their family members who claim that parenting a child with DS may be a rewarding and joyous experience are harmed when they are systematically silenced, disbelieved, and/or denied epistemic credibility by medical professionals, and (2) pregnant women are harmed since they might make poorly informed choices without access to all relevant information. The broader implication of the analysis is that epistemic justice is a precondition of reproductive autonomy. We conclude by calling for federal oversight of the acquisition and dissemination of information that prospective parents receive following a positive diagnosis of DS to ensure that it is comprehensive and up to date.

scholarly journals Bringing the Virus Back Home: Media Representations of Ukrainian Labour Migrants in a Time of Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 088832542110187
Author(s):  
Alexander Tymczuk
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Potential Danger ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
And Control ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
The Way

In a globalized world where mobility and movement is at its essence, the movement of viruses paradoxically causes a preoccupation with boundaries, containment, and control over borders, and thus keeping the “dangerous” outside separated from the “safe” inside. Through a qualitative thematic and frame analysis of news articles published on 12 Ukrainian news sites, I found that Ukrainian labour migrants conceptually constitute a challenge to such a clear-cut spatial organization in a time of a pandemic. Labour migrants are part of the national “we,” but their presence in the dangerous outside excludes them from the “imagined immunity.” This ambiguity is evident in the way labour migrants were portrayed during the first months of the outbreak in Ukraine. Initially, Ukrainian labour migrants were depicted as a potential danger, and then blamed for bringing the virus back home. However, the framing of the labour migrants as a danger is only part of the story, and the image of a scapegoat was eventually replaced with images of an economic resource and a victim. Thus, Ukrainian labour migrants have been the object of vilification, heroization, as well as empathy during the various phases of the outbreak. I would argue that these shifting frames are connected to the ambiguous conceptualization of Ukrainian labour migrants in general.

An Historical Perspective of the Giriama and Witchcraft Control

Africa ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Brantley
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
African Society ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Protection And Control ◽  
And Control

Opening ParagraphWherever belief in witchcraft permeated an African society, fear prevailed and people demanded protection and control. Even though the degree of African concern about witchcraft was not always appreciated by outsiders, it was possible, at least in centralized societies, for such outsiders to discern the processes that were involved in its control. A king or a priest who failed to control the spread of witchcraft and to alleviate the fear was unlikely to maintain his authority for long. In non-centralized societies, the problem of witchcraft and the means of control were less clear-cut. Solutions were rarely obvious and easy.

scholarly journals Auswirkungen restriktiver Ernährung auf die Wachstumsleistung von Ziegenlämmern

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Y. Toukourou ◽  
K.-J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract. Title of the paper: Impaet of feed restriction on the growth performance of goat kids The influence of differential feeding levels on growth performance in 72 goat kids "Bunte Deutsche Edelziege" during the pre-weaning period was examined. The 72 animals were assigned to a control group and two experimental groups that received respectively 20% and 40% less milk/less concentrate compared to the control (fed at 2.4 times energy demand for maintenance). The experimental gained animals significantly less relative to the control group. However, during the subsequent realimentation period when all animals were fed at a energy level of 2.4 times maintenance same treatment, the daily weight gain among the kids was in inverse proportion to the level ofmilk deprivation in the pre-weaning phase. The rapid growth among the experimental animals was such that the initial differences in body weight between the experimental and control groups were fully compensated. Growth performance of kids with respect to different levels of concentrated feed was less clear cut and d.ffered significantly only behveen the group that received the lowest feed level relative to all the other groups.

scholarly journals The Role of Monitoring in Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-254
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Smilka
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
National Agency ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Object State

Abstract The field of sustainable development has global goals focused on the repletion of wants of natural resources for present-day generations in terms of sustainable consumption so that future generations can meet their needs. Sustainable development can be achieved by substantially transforming national agency systems. The aim of the research is to determine role of monitoring and evaluation in the system of sustainable development of the territory. The methods used in this study are general scientific techniques and methods – analysis, logical access method, monographic and other methods. Some international standards for sustainable development have been adopted today. Monitoring and targeted indicator ratings are measures that promote sustainable development. The following conceptual approaches to monitoring can be distinguished for the purpose of monitoring: 1) monitoring as information and analytical support for the management decision support system; 2) monitoring aimed at generating new knowledge; 3) monitoring as a system for tracking quantitative and qualitative changes; 4) monitoring as sequential activity algorithm; 5) object state on-line monitoring; 6) proactive monitoring. Aims should be set to manage the sustainable development process and evaluate the effectiveness of the tools used to achieve it. Sustainable development indicators are necessary to establish the degree of responsibility of their values to the criteria for sustainable development.

War-Worn Subjects

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-130
Author(s):  
Sara Rushing
Keyword(s):  
Veterans Health Administration ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Wounded Warriors ◽  
A Site ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Military

This chapter explores how humility and autonomy come into play for “wounded warriors” seeking post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment and for the medical professionals treating them within the particular constraints of the military-medical complex. Analyzing military PTSD illustrates how deeply entangled disease construction, diagnosis, and “cure” are with the complex discourse of “choice and control,” or with medicalization under the pressures of neoliberal rationality. Like with birth and death, but perhaps even more so, veteran PTSD as taken up within the Veterans Health Administration is a site of subjection and potential contestation from which we can learn much about the production of citizen-subjectivity in moments of distinct corporeal and psychic vulnerability. This chapter examines how militarism and masculinity conspire with inadequate conceptions of patient (and doctor) humility and autonomy, to produce an assumption of and fatalism about whether “wounded warriors” can be “fixed.”

Monitoring of regional labor markets and the main trends of labor underutilization in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Sibirskaya ◽  
Maria V. Volkova ◽  
Lyudmila V. Oveshnikova ◽  
Natalia A. Shchukina ◽  
Paweł Lula
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Regional Labor ◽  
Labor Underutilization

PurposeIn the recent two decades, a model of the labor market formed in Russia; it differs from the model that is peculiar for most developed countries. Its specific feature consists in the fact that adaptation to the fluctuations of the economic situation takes place by means of changes in the labor price, not by means of changes in employment and unemployment.Design/methodology/approachSuch model ensures high and stable level of employment and low level of unemployment with significant pro-cyclic fluctuations of wages. Changes that take place in the sphere of employment of population in labor markets and gradual implementation of collection of information in view of the forms of labor activities into the practices of different countries led to the necessity for reconsidering the previously adopted international standards.FindingsThis is due to the fact that the normative documents present the treatment of unemployment without the criterion “job search,” and new indicators of measuring potential labor force and incomplete employment were adopted. The authors analyze the situation of labor underutilization, which is important for characterizing a region of the Russian Federation by the indicator of unmet need for employment.Originality/valueThe offered information could be used for wider monitoring of the labor market, studying the volume and tendencies in the sphere of unemployment, evaluating the problems of integration in the labor market, studying the connection between employment and poverty and forecasting the tendencies.

Water Quality Planning in Denmark

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 493-497
Author(s):  
Ole Have Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Planning System ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Quality Planning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Water Quality Objectives

In 1983 the National Agency for Environmental Protection in Denmark published guiding regulations for water quality planning, based upon the rules in the Environmental Protection Act of 1974 with recent changes in 1982. The planning system contains three steps - determination of water quality objectives, calculation of discharge consents and control activities. A list of suggested quality objectives for rivers, lakes and coastal waters is included as well as a strategy for handling discharges of chemical compounds not originally found in the water.

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