scholarly journals Parents’ primary and secondary child care time adjustment to market time: Evidence from Australian mothers and fathers

2017 ◽  
pp. 207-224
Author(s):  
Huong Dinh ◽  
Maria Racionero
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Mothers And Fathers

Masculinity and Child Care: The Reconstruction of Fathering

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Brandth ◽  
Elin Kvande
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Care Giving

In this article we focus on a group of fathers who use parental leave and how they include care-giving in their construction of masculinity. The fathers shape their own masculine form of care-work differently from the mothers' interaction with the child. Both mothers and fathers, however, take part in the process of reproducing masculinity as the norm by giving masculine care higher status. Care-giving activities are adopted by the hegemonic form of masculinity with its strong connection to paid work.

scholarly journals Bargaining over Babies: Theory, Evidence, and Policy Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 3264-3306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Doepke ◽  
Fabian Kindermann
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Household Bargaining ◽  
Fertility Preferences ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Care Burden

It takes a woman and a man to make a baby. This fact suggests that for a birth to take place, the parents should first agree on wanting a child. Using newly available data on fertility preferences and outcomes, we show that indeed, babies are likely to arrive only if both parents desire one. In addition, there are many couples who disagree on having babies, and in low-fertility countries women are much more likely than men to be opposed to having another child. We account for this evidence with a quantitative model of household bargaining in which the distribution of the burden of child care between mothers and fathers is a key determinant of fertility. The model implies that fertility is highly responsive to targeted policies that lower the child care burden specifically for mothers. (JEL C78, D13, J13, J16)

Caring for Children and Working: Dilemmas of Contemporary Womanhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Sharp Transition ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Intact Families ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Personal Fulfillment

American women are entering the labor force in increasing numbers; currently 53% of women in intact families are in paid employment as are 41% of those with children under 18; this despite the fact that women earn less than 60% of the wages paid men in similar occupations. Women are responding to the pressures of an inflationary economy, to the costs of higher education for their children, to opportunities for personal fulfillment, and to a growing market for service occupations. Yet married women continue to carry 70% to 80% of child care and household duties when both parents work. Conventional stereotypes of feminine passivity, formalized in the last century, grossly misperceive women's roles and abilities and constitute a psychological barrier to self-realization for both men and women. Social innovations in child care will be necessary if we are to provide optimal conditions for child development at a time when family roles are in sharp transition. The pediatrician, as family counselor, can help to support mothers and fathers seeking to fulfill parental, occupational and personal needs in a rapidly changing society.

scholarly journals Counting on Grandmothers: Black Mothers' and Fathers' Reliance on Grandmothers for Parenting Support

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA G. HUNTER
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Parenting Support ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Parental Guidance ◽  
Child Care Assistance ◽  
Care Assistance ◽  
Family Closeness

This article examines Black young adult parents' reliance on grandmothers for parenting support. The sample of 487 parents, 18 to 34 years old, was drawn from the National Survey of Black Americans. Parents most often nominated grandmothers as the person they could count on for child care assistance and parental guidance. Mothers and fathers did not differ in their overall nominations of grandmothers. However, mothers were more likely than fathers to rely on grandmothers for both child care assistance and parenting advice. Fathers were more likely than mothers to rely on grandmothers for child care assistance only. Factors affecting parents' reliance on grandmothers for parenting support varied by gender. For mothers, family closeness, the number of generations in multigeneration family lineages, residence in the rural South, and family proximity were related to increased reliance on grandmothers for parenting support. Among fathers, being employed and family proximity increased their reliance on grandmothers.

scholarly journals Parenthood in the context of maternal depression at the end of the infant's first year of life

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto Piccinini ◽  
Giana Bitencourt Frizzo ◽  
Ivani Brys ◽  
Rita de Cássia Sobreira Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Child Care ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Depressed Mothers ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Socioeconomic Levels

The present study investigated parenthood in the context of maternal depression, at the end of the first year of the infant's life. The participants of the study were 22 families, from different socioeconomic levels, divided into two groups, one with mothers who did not present indicators of depression (n=12) and another group with mothers who did (n=10), based on the Beck Depression Inventory. All the mothers were primiparous and lived with the child's father, the babies were approximately 12 months of age. The mothers and fathers participated in an interview that investigated several parenting aspects. Qualitative content analysis of the interviews indicated that, compared to the group without depression, the depressed mothers, as well as their husbands, reported more difficulties regarding division tasks, financial concerns, and divergences and conflicts in child care. These results corroborate other studies which emphasized that the presence of indicators of maternal depression can cause difficulties in parenting.

scholarly journals Fathers’ involvement in child care activities: Qualitative findings from the highlands of Madagascar

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247112
Author(s):  
Hasina Rakotomanana ◽  
Christine N. Walters ◽  
Joel J. Komakech ◽  
Deana Hildebrand ◽  
Gail E. Gates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles

Few studies have investigated fathers’ roles in child care in Madagascar. This study explored the perceptions, attitudes, and practices regarding fathers’ involvement in child care using qualitative methods. Ten focus group discussions were conducted among parents of children aged 6–23 months; seven were among mothers, and three among fathers. In-depth semi-structured interviews (n = 8) were also conducted with key informants. Discussions and interviews were audio-recorded and the verbatim transcripts in Malagasy were translated into English. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. Provision of financial and material support as well as teaching and playing with the child were the main perceived roles of fathers. In practice, fathers spent their time alone with their children playing and holding them when the mother was unavailable. Busy schedules and separation due to work were major barriers to fathers’ involvement. Traditional gender roles for child care in which the mother is seen as primarily responsible for the child were salient across the data. Consequently, men involved in child care activities and their wives were often criticized by the community. Nevertheless, there was self-reported interest from both mothers and fathers in involving men more in child care. Interventions aimed to increase fathers’ involvement in child care may be more successful when they focus on shifting the community perceptions on the division of responsibilities between fathers and mothers.

Mothers' and Fathers' Interaction with their Young Mentally Handicapped Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen McConachie
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Interaction Time ◽  
Mentally Handicapped ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Mothers And Fathers

Studies of interaction between parents and their young mentally handicapped children generally lack ecological validity, ignore individual differences, and fail to consider the long-term implications of observed patterns. Such limitations may also be seen to apply to current strategies of early intervention. The paper reports a study of 21 young mentally handicapped children and their mothers and fathers, presenting data on daily patterns of child-care and observed teaching interactions. Predictions of differences between mothers and fathers, taken from literature on nonhandicapped and handicapped children, are confirmed. However, taking into consideration that fathers have less time available, parents do not differ as groups on the proportion which they spend in concentrated interaction with the child. Concentrated interaction time of mothers is related to a tendency to dominate observed teaching interactions; however, for fathers it is positively related to sensitivity in interaction. Possible implications of the results for intervention strategies are outlined.

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