scholarly journals Identification of a Novel Salt-Tolerant Streptomyces Isolate with Bio-Fertilizing Property

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Rebah N. Algafari ◽  
Ibrahim I. Hasan ◽  
Ghayda A. Al-Joubory
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Streptomyces Isolate

<p><em>A 65 local Streptomyces isolates were tested for their salt tolerance ability. Four of them were found to grow on 6% salt concentration medium. These were selected as candidates for bio-fertilizing use. Only one of them named Streptomyces NS-38 was found to pose such trait by enhancing accelerated seed germination of different types of plants on salt and normal media. Result showed that incubation of seeds with this bacterium extract for 15 hours before implantation increased the number of germinating seeds and yield significantly.</em></p>

Responses of seed germination, seedling growth under salinity stresses and variability for phenotypic traits in Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mia Mukul ◽  
Sheikh Shorif Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Nargis Akter ◽  
Md. Golam Mostofa ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Fiber Yield ◽  
Good For ◽  
Salt Tolerance Index

Salinity is a serious abiotic stress to Jute and other crop cultivation at saline regions in the world. No salt tolerant Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) variety was developed in Bangladesh. Hence, six Tossa Jute accessions were investigated at germination stage against six concentration levels (0.00 or d.H2O, 8.0, 10.0, 12.0, 14.0 and 16.0 dS m-1) of salt (NaCl) using RCB design at Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI) during March-July, 2020. Jute seeds collected from Gene Bank of BJRI were allowed to germinate under laboratory condition. Seed germination rate was adversely affected as well as delay in germination was prolonged with increasing the salt concentration. In control, seeds were germinated up to 14.0 dS m-1 salt solution. Among six genotypes, Acc. 1141 and Acc. 3801 showed the highest germination rate (86.67 %); Acc. 3801 gave maximum root length (17.0 mm), dry biomass (6.37 mg); and Acc. 1089 showed higher shoot length (10.0 mm), fresh weight (43.93 mg) and salt tolerance index (60.69 %) under 14.0 dS m-1 level. Higher relative salt harm rate (7.14 %) was observed in both Acc. 1141 and Acc. 3801 under 14.0 dS m-1 salinity indicating highly tolerance to salinity. Acc. 3801 and Acc. 1141 were found good for germination under salt stresses; Acc. 3801, Acc. 1089 for fiber yield and salt tolerance; Acc. 3801 and Acc. 1407 for higher fiber yield. Acc. 3801 was found good for salt tolerance and fiber yield content. The genotypes with good desirable characters would be used as breeding materials to develop high yielding salt tolerant Tossa Jute variety.

Comparative studies on salt tolerance of seedlings for one cultivar of puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata) and two cultivars of tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum)

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zhang ◽  
B. C. Jacobs ◽  
M. O'Donnell ◽  
J. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Thinopyrum Ponticum ◽  
Tall Wheatgrass

Salt tolerances of 3 cultivars, Menemen puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata Bor), Tyrrell and Dundas [tall wheatgrass, Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Z. W. Liu and R. R. C. Wang], were compared with respect to their seed germination, adaptive responses to salt and waterlogging, seedling emergence, plant growth, shoot osmolality and mineral contents in a series of salt-stress experiments. An inverse normal distribution provided good fits for the time to seed germination. Under NaCl stress, 50% of the control (distilled water) seed germination rates of Menemen, Tyrrell and Dundas were achieved in 178.8, 300.9 and 296.8 mmol/L NaCl, respectively. Fifty percent of the control seedling emergence rates of these 3 cultivars were in 92.7, 107.2 and 113.5 mmol/L NaCl, respectively. The seed germination rates of these 3 cultivars under both salt and waterlogging stress were far lower than those germinated only under salt stress at the same salt level. Seed pretreatment by soaking seed in NaCl solutions greatly increased the seed germination rate under salt stress for Menemen and under both salt stress and waterlogging for Dundas. Tyrrell and Dundas were very similar in their tolerance to salt stress, and were significantly (P<0.05) more salt tolerant than Menemen in terms of seed germination and seedling emergence rate. Both shoot height and dry matter of these 3 cultivars were not statistically different among all salt stress levels during the seedling elongation period, indicating that the established plants of these 3 cultivars were very salt tolerant. The salt tolerance mechanisms of these 3 cultivars are possibly related to their abilities to maintain high osmolality in shoots by regulating high sodium and potassium contents, and reducing calcium deficiency under salt stress.

scholarly journals The Salt Tolerance and Features of the Development of Seedlings of Some Varieties of Grain Sorghum in Various Types of Salinity

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
V. V. Korobko ◽  
◽  
D. P. Volkov ◽  
Е. A. Zhuk ◽  
R. V. Bukarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Chloride Sulfate

The authors determined the seed germination of some varieties of grain sorghum in different types of salinity. The degree of stability of the varieties in condition of chloride, sulfate, and mixed type of salinity estimated. The features of development of seedling varieties, which differ in the degree of salt tolerance, identified.

scholarly journals Salt Tolerance of Three Tree Species Differing in Native Habitats and Leaf Traits

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1194-1200
Author(s):  
Nisa Leksungnoen ◽  
Roger K. Kjelgren ◽  
Richard C. Beeson ◽  
Paul G. Johnson ◽  
Grant E. Cardon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Native Habitat ◽  
Saline Habitats ◽  
Salinity Levels

We investigated if salt tolerance can be inferred from observable cues based on a woody species’ native habitat and leaf traits. Such inferences could improve species selection for urban landscapes constrained by soils irrigated with reclaimed water. We studied the C3 tree species Acer grandidentatum Nutt. (canyon maple; xeric-non-saline habitat) that was hypothesized to have some degree of salt tolerance based on its semiarid but non-saline native habitat. We compared it with A. macrophyllum Pursh. (bigleaf maple) from mesic/riparian-non-saline habitats with much larger leaves and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (eucalyptus/red gum) from mesic-saline habitats with schlerophyllous evergreen leaves. Five levels of increasing salt concentrations (non-saline control to 12 dS·m−1) were applied over 5 weeks to container-grown seedling trees in two separate studies, one in summer and the other in fall. We monitored leaf damage, gas exchange, and hydric behavior as measures of tree performance for 3 weeks after target salinity levels were reached. Eucalyptus was the most salt-tolerant among the species. At all elevated salinity levels, eucalyptus excluded salt from its root zone, unlike either maple species. Eucalyptus maintained intact, undamaged leaves with no effect on photosynthesis but with minor reductions in stomatal conductance (gS). Conversely, bigleaf maple suffered increasing leaf damage, nearly defoliated at the highest levels, with decreasing gas exchange as salt concentration increased. Canyon maple leaves were not damaged and gas exchange was minimally affected at 3 dS·m−1 but showed increasing damage at higher salt concentration. Salt-tolerant eucalyptus and riparian bigleaf maple framed canyon maple’s moderate salt tolerance up to 3 dS·m−1 that appears related to seasonal soil drying in its semiarid native habitat. These results highlight the potential to infer a degree of salt tolerance from either native habitat or known drought tolerance in selecting plant species for urban landscapes limited by soil salinity or brackish irrigation water. Observable cues such as xeri-morphic leaf traits may also provide visual evidence of salt tolerance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salt Tolerance at Germination Stage in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1168-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltram Second Ravelombola ◽  
Ainong Shi ◽  
Yuejin Weng ◽  
John Clark ◽  
Dennis Motes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Tolerance Index ◽  
Germination Stage

Cowpea is a leguminous and versatile crop which provides nutritional food for human consumption. However, salinity unfavorably reduces cowpea seed germination, thus significantly decreasing cowpea production. Little has been done for evaluating and developing salt-tolerant cowpea genotypes at germination stage. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the response of cowpea genotypes to salinity stress through seed germination rate and to select salt-tolerant cowpea genotypes. The seed germination rates under nonsalt condition and salinity stress (150 mm NaCl) were evaluated in 151 cowpea genotypes. Four parameters, absolute decrease (AD), the inhibition index (II), the relative salt tolerance (RST), and the salt tolerance index (STI) were used to measure salt tolerance in cowpea. The results showed that there were significant differences among the 151 cowpea genotypes for all parameters (P values <0.0001). The AD in germination rate was 5.8% to 94.2%; the II varied from 7.7% to 100%; the RST ranged from 0 to 0.92; and STI varied from 0 to 0.92. A high broad sense heritability (H2) was observed for all four parameters. High correlation coefficients (r) were estimated among the four parameters. PI582422, 09–529, PI293584, and PI582570 were highly salt tolerant at germination stage. In addition, genotypes from the Caribbean and Southern Asia exhibited better tolerance to salinity, whereas those from Europe and North America were the most salt-susceptible.

scholarly journals Carbohydrate Content and Root Growth in Seeds Germinated Under Salt Stress

2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 876-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Roland Leatherwood ◽  
D. Mason Pharr ◽  
Lisa O. Dean ◽  
John D. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Mannitol Concentration

Sugars and sugar alcohols have well-documented roles in salt tolerance of whole plants and maturing seeds. Less is known, however, about possible effects of these compounds during germination. Seeds from mannitol-accumulating salt-tolerant celery [Apium graveolens L. var. dulce (P. Mill.) DC], non-mannitol-accumulating salt-tolerant cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. ‘Golden Acre’), and salt-sensitive non-mannitol-accumulating tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and arabidopsis [Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.] were placed on vertical Phytagel plates containing 0 to 300 mm NaCl. Germination percentage, root elongation, and carbohydrate content of seeds and seedlings were assessed. With the exception of cabbage, there was no positive relationship between ability to germinate in NaCl and the reported species salt tolerance of the mature plant. For instance, while cabbage seeds germinated in 300 mm NaCl, germination of two celery cultivars was inhibited completely by 150 mm NaCl. In contrast, seeds from salt-sensitive tobacco and arabidopsis germinated in 200 mm NaCl. There was also no obvious relationship between the observed salt tolerance and total soluble carbohydrates in either non-imbibed seeds or in seedlings germinated in salt. For example, the most-salt tolerant species in these studies, cabbage, had the third highest seed and seedling carbohydrate concentration, while the next most tolerant, arabidopsis, had the lowest. However, both species contained significant amounts of the osmoprotective oligosaccharides raffinose or stachyose. In addition, although celery seedling mannitol concentration initially increased at low NaCl concentrations (50 mm), germination and mannitol concentration decreased at higher NaCl concentrations (100 mm). Finally, the broadest response observed was a large increase in seedling sucrose at the lowest salt concentration that significantly inhibited germination. Although most seeds, with the notable exception of cabbage, did not germinate at 150 mm NaCl, they were still metabolically active because the sucrose content was two to eight times higher than in non-imbibed seeds, suggesting a possible role for sucrose in salt-stressed germinating seeds. These results not only suggest that mechanisms providing salt tolerance in mature plants are different from those in germinating seeds, but also that, even when the same mechanisms are employed, they may be less effective in seeds.

scholarly journals Effect of salinity on Arabidopsis thaliana seed germination and acid phosphatase activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawel Nasri ◽  
Samira Maatallah ◽  
Rym Kaddour ◽  
Mokhtar Lachâal
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germinating Seeds

The salt tolerance of four accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana (COL (Columbia), NOK2, N1438 and N1380) was evaluated during germination by the capacity of seeds to germinate in the presence of 50 mM NaCl and to maintain adequate acid phosphatase activity. Our results show that saline conditions reduced the final germination percentage, speed of germination and delayed the germination processes of accessions NOK2, N1438 and N1380. In contrast, 100% of germination was found in COL under salt-stress conditions. In the presence of NaCl 50 mM, acid phosphatase activity increased in the first 24 h, the activity reaching the control level in germinating seeds of COL, but in the three other accessions NOK2, N1438 and N1380, acid phosphatase activity diminished under salt stress. These findings suggest that changes in the phosphatase enzymes might play an important role in the acclimation of COL seeds to the changing environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Fire-Related Cues Significantly Promote Seed Germination of Some Salt-Tolerant Species from Non-Fire-Prone Saline-Alkaline Grasslands in Northeast China

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2675
Author(s):  
Shaoyang Li ◽  
Hongyuan Ma ◽  
Mark K. J. Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Kochia Scoparia ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Suaeda Glauca ◽  
Smoke Water

Seed germination in response to fire-related cues has been widely studied in species from fire-prone ecosystems. However, the germination characteristics of species from non-fire-prone ecosystems, such as the saline-alkaline grassland, where fire occasionally occurs accidentally or is used as a management tool, have been less studied. Here, we investigate the effects of different types of fire cues (i.e., heat and smoke water) and their combined effect on the seed germination of 12 species from the saline-alkaline grassland. The results demonstrated that heat shock significantly increased the germination percentage of Suaeda glauca and Kochia scoparia var. sieversiana seeds. Smoke water significantly increased the germination percentage of Setaria viridis and K. scoparia seeds. However, compared with single fire cue treatments, the combined treatment neither promoted nor inhibited seed germination significantly in most species. These results suggest that fire cues can be used as germination enhancement tools for vegetation restoration and biodiversity protection of the saline-alkaline grassland.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm at the Germination Stage

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Shahid Hussain ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yonghao Liu ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Fuzzy Function ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Salt Tolerant Cultivars ◽  
D Value

Salt stress reduces the yield and quality of rice. It is of great significance to screen out salt-tolerant varieties for the development and utilization of saline land. The study was carried out on 114 rice varieties; first, seven varieties were selected and treated with different salt concentrations (0, 50, 85, 120, 155, 190, 225 mM), and seven traits, including germination energy, germination capacity, shoot length, root length, root number, plant fresh weight, and seedling vigor index, were measured. The salt concentration at which the sodium chloride injury index was 50% of the control was considered the optimal salt concentration. Second, 114 rice germplasms were carried out under an optimal salt concentration (120 mM). Then, principal component analysis, fuzzy function analysis, stepwise regression analysis, correlation analysis, and systematic cluster analysis were carried out on each parameter. There was a significant correlation between each parameter and the D-value, and the correlation coefficient between the seedling vigor index and D-value was the highest. D-value = − 0.272 + 1.335 × STI − SVI + 0.549 × STI − RN − 0.617 × STI-RL + 0.073 × STI − GE, R2 = 0.986. Using this equation, the sodium chloride tolerance of rice in the germination experiment could be quickly identified. This study showed that the seedling vigor index was a reliable parameter to identify the salinity tolerance of rice varieties. Five groups were obtained by classification at a Euclidean distance of 5. There were 8 highly salt-tolerant cultivars, 23 salt-tolerant cultivars, 42 cultivars with moderate salt tolerance, 33 salt-sensitive cultivars, and 8 highly salt-sensitive cultivars. In this study, we found that Riguang was the most salt-tolerant rice variety, and Xiangxuejing15 was the most salt-sensitive variety.

Application of SSR Technique for the Identification of Markers Linked to Salinity Tolerance in Rice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
MH Kabir ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
SN Begum ◽  
AC Manidas
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Screening ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Rice Landrace ◽  
Salt Susceptible

A cross was made between high yielding salt susceptible BINA variety (Binadhan-5) with salt tolerant rice landrace (Harkuch) to identify salt tolerant rice lines. Thirty six F3 rice lines of Binadhan-5 x Harkuch were tested for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in hydroponic system using nutrient solution. In F3 population, six lines were found as salt tolerant and 10 lines were moderately tolerant based on phenotypic screening at the seedling stage. Twelve SSR markers were used for parental survey and among them three polymorphic SSR markers viz., OSR34, RM443 and RM169 were selected to evaluate 26 F3 rice lines for salt tolerance. With respect to marker OSR34, 15 lines were identified as salt tolerant, 9 lines were susceptible and 2 lines were heterozygous. While RM443 identified 3 tolerant, 14 susceptible and 9 heterozygous rice lines. Eight tolerant, 11 susceptible and 7 heterozygous lines were identified with the marker RM169. Thus the tested markers could be efficiently used for tagging salt tolerant genes in marker-assisted breeding programme.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16929 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 57 - 65, 2008

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