scholarly journals Studi Literatur Perbedaan Ekspresi Messenger Ribonucleid Acid (mRNA) Reseptor Androgen Setelah Pemberian Testosteron antara Penis dan Kelenjar Prostat Tikus Wistar Jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) Pascakastrasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Luh Ari Arini
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Male Reproductive Organ ◽  
The Difference

Background: Aging process (andropause) in men will cause a decrease in testosterone hormones, in other that decrese of androgen receptor (testosteron and dhyhidrtestosterone) in target organ, can be seen from AR mRNA expression. Andropause finaly impact of male reproductive organ, so given testosterone hormone therapy is important to restore the condition. Giving testosterone hormone causes increase the expression of AR mRNA in the prostate gland and penis, but in these two organs there is a different increase.Objective: to know the difference of expression AR mRNA after administration of testosterone between prostate gland and penis.Method: This article used literature review from database of intisari sains medis.Results and Discussion: AR mRNA expression in the prostate gland is smaller than the penile tissue, due to the prostate gland in addition to the 5α reductase enzyme there are also many aromatase enzymes. In the normal prostate gland the amount of 5α reductase is small, so the addition of testosterone is converted to DHT but also in aromatization to estrogen. Therefore, fewer androgen receptors are found compared to the tissue of the penis, in addition expression of AR mRNA in the preputial penis is higher than the prostate gland.Conclusion: Penile tissue is more responsive to testosterone and improves the function and maintenance of tissue especially in old. Keywords: androgen receptor mRNA; testosterone; penis and prostate

scholarly journals The role of the androgen receptor as a driver and mitigator of cellular stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. R19-R33
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Doultsinos ◽  
Ian Mills
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Nuclear Hormone Receptor ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Mtor Activity

Prostate cancer is a high-incidence male cancer, which is dependent on the activity of a nuclear hormone receptor, the androgen receptor (AR). Since the AR is required for both normal prostate gland development and for prostate cancer progression, it is possible that prostate cancer evolves from perturbations in AR-dependent biological processes that sustain specialist glandular functions. The archetypal example of course is the use of prostate specific antigen (PSA), an organ-type specific component of the normal prostate secretome, as a biomarker of prostate cancer. Furthermore, localised prostate cancer is characterised by a low proliferative index and a heterogenous array of somatic mutations aligned to a multifocal disease pattern. We and others have identified a number of biological processes that are AR dependent and represent aberrations in significant glandular processes. Glands are characterised by high rates of metabolic activity including protein synthesis supported by co-dependent processes such as glycosylation, organelle biogenesis and vesicle trafficking. Impairments in anabolic metabolism and in protein folding/processing will inevitably impose proteotoxic and oxidative stress on glandular cells and, in particular, luminal epithelial cells for which secretion is their primary function. As cancer develops there is also significant metabolic dysregulation including impaired negative feedback effects on glycolytic and anabolic activity under conditions of hypoxia and heightened protein synthesis due to dysregulated PI 3-kinase/mTOR activity. In this review we will focus on the components of the AR regulome that support cancer development as well as glandular functions focussing on the unfolded protein response and on regulators of mTOR activity.

scholarly journals Age-dependent expression of 5alpha-reductase and androgen receptors mRNA by the canine prostate

2009 ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
F Shidaifat
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Reductase Gene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Growth Requirement ◽  
Benign Prostate ◽  
Androgen Effect

The growth of the prostate gland is androgen-dependent. Testosterone is converted to the most potent dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α-reductase within the prostate. Androgen interacts with androgen receptors (AR) to regulate normal growth of the prostate and has also been implicated in both the progression of benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. This study was conducted to compare the mRNA expression of AR and 5αreductase by the prostate gland from three age categories: immature, young-mature and old dogs. Quantitative gene expression was assessed by the real-time PCR and the results were expressed as a relative mRNA expression of the target gene. This study revealed that there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of the AR gene by the prostate gland of immature, young and old dogs. In contrast, there is a highly significant (P<0.001) down-regulation in 5α-reductase gene by the prostate of young and old dogs as compared with immature dogs. However, there is no significant difference in mRNA expression of the 5α-reductase gene by the prostate gland from young and old dogs. This differential expression of AR and 5αreductase genes, which are involved in the regulation of androgen effect on prostate gland, might reflect an agedependent growth requirement of the gland for androgens.

Androgen receptor mRNA expression in the human hippocampus

2000 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Beyenburg ◽  
Matthias Watzka ◽  
Hans Clusmann ◽  
Ingmar Blümcke ◽  
Frank Bidlingmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Human Hippocampus

scholarly journals High Androgen Receptor mRNA Expression Is Independently Associated with Prolonged Cancer-Specific and Recurrence-Free Survival in Stage T1 Bladder Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijel Sikic ◽  
Johannes Breyer ◽  
Arndt Hartmann ◽  
Maximilian Burger ◽  
Philipp Erben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Stage T1

Detection of Human Androgen Receptor mRNA Expression Abnormalities by Competitive PCR

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT A. EDELSTEIN ◽  
MICHAEL C. CARR ◽  
RICHARD CAESAR ◽  
MARTIN YOUNG ◽  
ANTHONY ATALA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Competitive Pcr ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Human Androgen Receptor

Effects of Axotomy and Testosterone on Androgen Receptor mRNA Expression in Hamster Facial Motoneurons

1997 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Drengler ◽  
Robert J. Handa ◽  
Kathryn J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Facial Motoneurons

MP47-05 ANDROGEN RECEPTOR MRNA EXPRESSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH PROGNOSIS IN LOCALIZED RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

2015 ◽  
Vol 193 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parth Modi ◽  
Yun-Sok Ha ◽  
Geuntaek Lee ◽  
Han-Jong Ahn ◽  
Wun-Jae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma
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