scholarly journals Geochemical Fraction, Mobility And Bioavailability Of Lead In Unsaturated Soil Of Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saw Aung Zaw Aye ◽  
Heru Hendrayana ◽  
Doni Prakasa Eka Putra ◽  
Tsutomo Sato
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Risk Condition ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedures ◽  
Lead Release ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Lead (Pb) is one of common heavy metals found inthe soil of urban environment. In Yogyakarta City,Indonesia, lead content in the soil was already reported by some researchers, however all of the report were only reveals the distribution of lead concentration in the soil. Therefore, this research paper aims to understand the geochemical fraction leadin the soil of Yogyakarta City and assess the mobility and bioavailability of lead release to the environment. The soil sampling location is selected on Kotagede District, representing the oldest urban area of Yogyakarta city. A shallow bore hole was drill until about 7 m below the surface and soil/sediments weresampled for each 1 m depth started from the surface. Six steps of sequential extraction procedures were carried out to assess the geochemical fraction of Pb for each of soil samples. The sequential extraction shows that the highest amount of Pb in thesoil of Yogyakarta City is found in amorphous ironoxide, crystalline iron oxide and non residual fraction form of Pb. Based on the results of geochemical fraction, the mobility factor of lead can be calculated and reveals low mobility factor range from 0.4 to 3.3%. The mobility of lead is decreased from the surface to the deeper soil, on the other hand the bioavailability of Pb calculated from exchangeable and carbonate fraction is also show low risk of bioavailability. Therefore, it can be concluded that although Pb concentration is high in non-residual fraction, Pb isin low risk condition due to its poor mobility and bioavailability. But, concern on lead contamination should be considered because if the concentration of Pb is enriched over the adsorption capacity of ironoxide, it can easily release to the environment and can impact to human in the future.Keywords: Yogyakarta city, Lead, Sequential extraction, Geochemical fraction

scholarly journals Assessment of trace and heavy metal distribution by four sequential extraction procedures in a contaminated soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. He ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
I. Mohamed ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
W. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedures ◽  
Cu And Zn

Four sequential extraction procedures (Sposito, Tessier, Silveira and Bureau Communautaire de Reference (BCR)) were used to evaluate the distribution of some metals (Fe, Cu, Cd and Zn) in a contaminated soil around a mining area. The results showed that Fe and Zn were mainly recovered in the recalcitrant soil fractions, while Cd was primarily localized in the exchangeable fraction. Soil Cu was highly associated with organic matter fraction. The amorphous Fe fraction in Silveira could be recognized as part of the Fe-Mn oxide fraction in Tessier and BCR procedures, while the crystalline Fe oxide fraction was classified into the residual fraction in Sposito, BCR and Tessier schemes. Although the same reagent was used to extract target fraction, less carbonate-bound Cu, Cu and Zn were extracted in Tessier procedure as compared to Silveira method, while Tessier scheme yielded a higher proportion of Fe, Cu and Zn in the Fe-Mn oxide fraction than BCR method. Due to the lack of uniformity of experimental conditions and the differences in extraction reagents, the extraction efficiency of metal species varied with the sequential extraction schemes. Therefore, care should be taken when comparing the results obtained by different sequential extraction procedures.

Incorporation of Cadmium into Clinker during the Co-Processing of Waste with Cement Kiln

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2160-2164
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Run Dong Li ◽  
Yan Long Li ◽  
Li Hong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Cement Kiln ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedures ◽  
Incorporation Ratio

The incorporation of cadmium into clinker during the co-processing of waste with cement kiln was investigated. Cadmium contained reagent was added to the cement raw meal to produce clinkers after clinkerization process. XRD analysis and SEM-EDS analysis were employed to indentify the major mineral phase of clinker and the cadmium contained mineral phase. Leaching test, sequential extraction procedures were employed to evaluate the leaching potential of cadmium in clinker. The results show the stabilization rate of cadmium during the clinkerization process is low. The incorporation ratio of cadmium in C2S is 0.32%~1.14%, the incorporation ability of cadmium in C2S is higher than C3S. The major mineral phases of clinker with the incorporation of cadmium were CH, C3S and C2S. The average leaching concentration of cadmium of clinker was 1.4 μg/L, which was higher than the blank samples. BCR Sequential extraction procedures analysis of the clinkers show exchangeable, water and acid-soluble fraction and residual fraction were very small, while the reducible phase of cadmium was up to 95.13%.

Speciation Distributions and Availability of Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni in a Mine Drainage Contaminated Paddy Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 826-831
Author(s):  
De Ren Miao ◽  
Wan Qiu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedures ◽  
High Concentrations

Various depths paddy soils, which collected from nearby one of the abandoned Pb-Zn mines in Lanping County of China, were analyzed, determining the total metal concentration by acid digestion and the chemical speciation of Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni by a somewhat modified Tessier’s sequential extraction method. High concentrations of Zn and Pb were found in surface soils indicating that the paddy soils seriously suffered from Zn and Pb contamination. The extraction percentage of Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni with modified Tessier’s sequential extraction procedures were at the ranges of 93.15-96.41%, 93.26-96.25%, 91.51-94.75% and 91.28-94.25%, respectively. Extraction efficiencies demonstrated that this sequential extraction approach is suitable to evaluate these metals potential risk among this contaminated site. Extraction results showed that the residual fraction was the predominant fraction for Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni among all tested soils. However, the exchangeable fraction was the lowest among all fractions. Meanwhile, the metals mobility and bioavailability in tested soils were compared and predicted using mobility coefficients and bioavailability coefficients. The mobility coefficients of metals decreased in the order of Cu> Ni> Zn> Pb, and the bioavailability coefficients of metals decreased in the order of Pb>Cu>Zn/Ni.

scholarly journals Metal Speciation in Sediment from Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay Using of BCR Sequential Extraction Procedure

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Lestari Lestari ◽  
Fitri Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedure ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction

The assessment of the biological availability of metals is rarely used only by knowing the total concentration of the metal. Therefore, six sediment samples from Muara Angke, Teluk Jakarta were assessed the chemical speciation of heavy metals. This study aims to determine metal speciation using the BCR sequential extraction procedure and to determine metal speciation to evaluate bioavailability in the sediments of Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay. In sediment from Muara Angke, the ability to move sequence of heavy metals studied was Pb>Zn>Cu>Ni. The mostly accumulated in the non-residual fraction of the total concentrations are Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn which indicated that the mobility and anthropogenic inputs of these metals in Muara Angke were quite high. The Risk Assessment Code (RAC) reveal that Zn and Ni at almost station exist in exchangeable and a fraction of carbonate-bound and therefore high-risk category. Most of the Cu at most of the station is in the oxidizable fraction, except a small portion found at all station is in the exchangeable fraction and fraction of carbonate-bound thus posing a low risk for the waters environment. The patterns of Pb speciation show no to low risk to the waters environment. However, metal observations in the waters are necessary because they are persistent and can accumulate which threatening the water environment.

scholarly journals Lead Contamination In Soil Of Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wawan Budianta
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Contour Pattern ◽  
North Part ◽  
Sequential Extraction Analysis ◽  
Yogyakarta City

This paper investigates on Pb concentrations and mobility in soil of overall Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. The objectives of this study include to investigate Pb concentrations in the surface soil throughout Yogyakarta and to study their possible sources and potential environmental impacts. The soil samples from 168 locations in Yogyakarta was obtained, representing different land use and traffic conditions. Spatial analysis and sequential extraction analysis were performed. Generally, contour pattern of Pb value clearly shows that high value is concentrated in the middle and few north part of the study area, confirmed by traffic condition in the study area. In general, the results of sequential extraction analysis shows that Pb was predominantly associated with exchangeable fraction. The presence of lead in the exchangeable fractions may pose a serious environmental concern since they are highly soluble and potentially bio-available in the soil of study area. Keywords: Soil, lead contamination, GIS, sequential extraction.

scholarly journals Assessing the spatial distribution of urban soil lead contamination in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Andria Tri Sekarningsih ◽  
Wawan Budianta ◽  
I Wayan Warmada ◽  
Hirofumi Hinode
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pb Concentration ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Yogyakarta is currently a developing city in Indonesia, and urbanization is a very relevant issue. One of the impact of urbanization was soil pollution which becomes an important and interesting environmental concern. This research aimed investigate lead (Pb) pollution level distribution using spatial analysis on lead (Pb) distribution in the soil at Yogyakarta city and its surroundings. The determination of the soil sampling location point was carried out using the gridding method, and the soil sampling was obtained at a depth of 10 cm. The concentration of lead (Pb) in the soil samples was measured using ICP-AES. The spatial analysis was carried out by making a level of distribution map of the lead (Pb) and then overlaying it with the data of residential, traffic, and industrial densities. These research results indicated that anthropogenic factors influenced the lead (Pb) concentration in the soil’s soil more than natural factors. The anthropogenic factors of settlement and traffic densities were thought to contribute most to the lead concentration in the soil at the research site. The industrial presence factor was less likely to contribute to the high Pb concentration in the soil at the study area.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Nakdong River Around the Weir

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Hee Won Son ◽  
Sun Hee Shim ◽  
Haeseong Oh ◽  
Jung Hyun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Nakdong River ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
The Nakdong River ◽  
Reducible Fraction

In this study, the concentrations and characteristics of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) contamination in sediment samples were investigated using aqua regia extraction and Tessier’s five-step sequential extraction. Based on the concentration of metals, the influence of the Hapcheon-Changnyeong weir on sediments in the Nakdong River was assessed. The origins of the contaminants, their bioavailability, and their mobility were determined using sequential extraction. Greater concentrations of heavy metals were found in samples collected closer to the weir. The largest proportion of Cu was identified in the residual fraction based on sequential extraction, whereas Zn was predominantly found in the reducible fraction. Iron-manganese in the reducible fraction of Zn has the potential to leach back to the water body. In addition, the combined concentration of fractions 1 and 2 of Cu comprised more than 20% of total amount that still has potential to affect the water quality. The results of this study were compared with existing sediment standards set out by the NIER (National Institute of Environmental Research), Canada, and US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) guidelines, as well as the risk assessment code (RAC). The concentrations of heavy metals exceeded the standards set by the Canadian guideline by up to four times in particular samples, highlighting the need for continual monitoring.

Research on the Morphological of Lead and Zinc in the Smelting Slag

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Lin Yu ◽  
Dong Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Reducible Fraction

In this paper analysed the forms of heavy metals (Zn Pb Cd and As) of the Smelting Slag for Lead and Zinc,using BCR sequential extraction. Different chemical morphological of heavy metals have different activity and harmfulness. Migration and Utilization of heavy metals were decided by the existent form of heavy metals in the soil,which influenced Bioactivity and Toxicity. The results show that the main forms of Zn and Cd are Oxidizable and Residual fraction, and Pb mainly occurred in Oxidizable and Reducible fraction. however, As mainly occurred in Residual fraction, which the percentage of reachs 99.56%. According to the percentage of fractions extracted in total content (As is 0.44%, Zn is 14.7%, Pb is 85.98%, Cd is 48.86%),the latent ecological risk of heavy metals varied in the descending order of,Pb Cd Zn and As.

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