scholarly journals THE VALIDITY OF FNAA AND AAS METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF Cu AND Fe ELEMENTS IN BIOTA SAMPLES

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
Samin Samin ◽  
C. Supriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Z Score ◽  
F Test ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Biota Samples

The validity test of Fast Neutron Activation Analysis (FNAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) method for analysis of Cu and Fe elements in biota samples has been done. The validity test was represented by the validation test, homogenous test, Z-score test, t test and F test for both methods. The respective validity test results for Cu and Fe elements show that the FNAA precision test were 2.28% and 2.96% while the accuracy were 98.07% and 98.55%, and the precision of AAS validation test results were 1.72% and 2.29% and the accuracy were 98.50% and 98.35%. The uncertainty results for Cu and Fe by FNAA were 2.74% and 3.42%, while AAS were 2.98% and 3.73%. The limit of detection  for both methods of Cu and Fe were 1.05 µg/g and 1.35 µg/g, while AAS were 0.05 µg/g  and 0.904 µg/g, and the value of Z-score in the range ≥-2 and ≤+2 for both methods. In this case the precision, accuracy, uncertainty, limit of detection and value Z-score on both methods  are valid or property to be applied for element analysis. After FNAA and AAS methods were validated then were applied for determining of element contents in biota samples. From the homogenous test result was found that the samples of biota is homogeny, while t test shows that there is no significant difference in average concentration, F test of both methods shows that there is no difference in accuracy.   Keywords: The validity test, FNAA and AAS, Cu and Fe, biota samples

scholarly journals COMPARISON TEST OF FNAA AND AAS METHOD FOR Cu, Cd, Cr, AND Pb ANALYSIS OF CODE RIVER SEDIMENT (INDONESIA)

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
C. Supriyanto
Keyword(s):  
River Sediment ◽  
T Test ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
F Test ◽  
Fast Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Comparison Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aas Method

Comparison test of Fast Neutron Activation Analysis (FNAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) method for analysis of Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb elements in Code river sediment samples has been done. Comparisons of test used Standard Reference materials (SRM) sample, covering the validation test, t test and F test for both method and then these methods were used to analyze the Code river sediment samples. Comparisons test result show that the validity of both method are around 92.69 % to 98.12 % and t test show that there is no significant difference in average concentration, F test of both methods show that there is no difference in accuracy. The analysis  result of Code sediment using FNAA for Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb are (15.41 - 53.92) ppm, (1.82 - 3.66) ppm, (14.72 - 87.28) ppm, (18.23 - 109.31) ppm respectively, while those using AAS method are (13.71 - 51.11) ppm, (1.64 - 3.33) ppm, (12.81 - 86.75) ppm, (15.74 - 105.53) ppm, respectively. Statistic result test using ANOVA method showed that the concentration of Cr are not significantly differences within sampling locations, while those for Cd, Cr, Pb show a significant difference within sampling location   Keywords: FNAA, AAS, Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, sediment samples

scholarly journals Post-integration Effect of e-NAM in Nawapara APMC, Chhattisgarh

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hehlangki Tyngkan
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
F Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Integration Effect ◽  
The Impact

The present study was carried out in Nawapara APMC in Chhattisgarh to examine the changes brought about by the e-NAM intervention in the arrivals and prices of paddy. To identify the factors that influence farmers’ participation in the e-NAM platform, several 75 farmers were selected and interviewed. F test and t-test were adopted to analyze the equality of variances and means of the market arrivals and prices of paddy before and after e-NAM adoption. The study results show that both the monthly arrivals and modal prices of paddy were higher post-e-NAM integration than before it was integrated. The percentage changes before and after e-NAM in the arrivals and prices were 29.28 percent and 24.21 percent, respectively. There is no significant ratio in variances, whereas there is a significant difference in the means of both the arrivals and prices, as shown by F and t t-test results. The factors that motivated the farmers to do trading on the e-NAM platform were found to be influenced mainly by remunerative price followed by better price than the open auction, more transparency, and absence of middlemen. This indicated that the implementation of the e-NAM platform has a positive impact on arrivals and prices. The impact may be more visible once it is implemented in the true sense of conceptualized.

scholarly journals Effect of Personal Variables of Youths of Rajkot District on Their Health Care Awareness

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit M. Pandya ◽  
Dr. D. J. Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Education Faculty ◽  
District Health ◽  
F Test ◽  
Personal Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
The Impact

The study was designed to investigate the impact of certain socio personal variables on Health Care Awareness of youths‟ of Rajkot district. The sample consisted of 240 youths‟ (120 Male/120 Female) selected randomly from Rajkot district. Health Care Awareness scale of Dr. D. J. Bhatt and K.N. jhalodiya was used. Data were analysis by „F‟ test and„t‟ test. Results revealed that there exists a No significant difference between the youths‟ socio personal variables ed. Gender, Education, Area, Age, Type of family, Family members, Education faculty and their Health Care awareness.

scholarly journals Performance Test of K0-NAA and Relative Method for Analysis of Al, Mg, K Nuclides in SRM Lake Sediment Sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
Darsono Darsono
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediment ◽  
Sediment Sample ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
F Test ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Precision Test

A performance test has been conducted of k0-NAA and relative methods for analysis of Al, Mg, K nuclides in SRM lake sediment sample (SRM SL-3). The performance test included validation, accuracy and precision tests, as well as t and F test. This test is done in order to know the performance of the both methods. Test results on validation test of both the k0-NAA and relative methods obtained were still in good performance with z-score values within the range of -2 ≤ x ≤ 2, in the accuracy and precision test showed that the two methods used were still reliable or passed the test for elemental analysis. The results of the evaluation t-test were at 95% confidence level showed that both methods were no significant differences in the test results, and the evaluating the F test showed that there are no differences in the accuracy between the two methods. The performance test data are expected to be used by practitioners and users of neutron activation analysis services as the reference option of analysis method to optimize the objectives to be achieved.

scholarly journals Elements of Opportunity and Poultry Farms Performance in Delta State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Rodney A. Isiorhovoja
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poultry Farmers

The paper examines the existence, if any, of differences in gross margin between rural and urban areas in Delta State, Nigeria. Data were collected from all 275 poultry farmers registered with the Delta State Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock Department. The null hypotheses was that there is no significant difference in poultry farm gross margin between locations in terms rural and urban areas; managers with formal education in agriculture and managers who have no formal education in agriculture; and managers who have and who do not have prior experience in poultry business. Data were collected from all 275 poultry farmers registered with the State Ministry Agriculture using copies of a structured questionnaire and were analyzed using frequency counts, means and T-test. Amongst the findings were: Majority of poultry business operators have low level formal education in disciplines not related to agriculture; there was a significant difference in the mean number of years of schooling and courses studied between rural and urban areas but that there was no significant difference in number of years of prior experience. The T-test results failed to reject the three null hypotheses. The study concluded that indeed elements of opportunity may vary from place to place but the ability to exploit the benefits may moderate or accentuate performance. Entrepreneurial capacity building was recommended for poultry business operators’ state wide.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Mental Health among Old People

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana N Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Old Age ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Old People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

The study was intended to examine the effect of mental health on old people. Aim: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of mental health in old people and to determine the association of mental health with types of family and gender. Sample: The sample consists of 120 old people from different old age home and family in Rajkot district area. The sample was selected from randomly. Design: 2*2research design was used the present study. Tools: Mental Health was measured through a questionnaire ‘Mental Health Inventory’was used. Test developed by Bhatt D & Gida G. in (1992).The data was analyzed by the t test. Results: There will be no significant difference between Gender and Types of Area in relation to their mental health. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a higher prevalence of mental health in old people.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Anxiety among Diabetic Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana N Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Research Design ◽  
T Test ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Anxiety Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
And Gender

The study was intended to examine the effect of Anxiety on diabetic patients. Aim: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of anxiety in patients with diabetes and to determine the association of anxiety with area and gender. Sample: The sample consists of 160 diabetic patients from different hospital in Rajkot district area. The sample was selected from randomly. Design: 2*2 research design was used the present study. Tools: Anxiety was measured through a questionnaire ‘Sinha’s Comprehensive Anxiety Test (SCAT) was used. Test developed by A.K.P Sinha and L.N.K Sinha in (1995).The data was analyzed by the t test. Results: There will be no significant difference between Gender and Types of Area in relation to their Anxiety. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a higher prevalence of anxiety in diabetic patients. No factor was significantly associated with anxiety.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT VARIATIONS, PRICES AND SALES PROMOTIONS ON CONSUMER DECISIONS IN BUYING MITSUBISHI CARS IN SURAKARTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hasan Ma'ruf
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Sales Promotions ◽  
F Test ◽  
Consumer Decisions

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of product variations, prices and sales promotions on consumer decisions in buying Mitsubishi cars in Surakarta both partially and partially. The data analysis techniques used are validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test, coefficient of determination (R²). The results obtained: 1) The results of the t test obtained product variations have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, the price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions and promotion has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, 2) F test results obtained Sig. amounting to 0,000 smaller than 0.05 or sig. = 0.000

scholarly journals Influence of maxillary canine torque variations on the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Correia Barbosa Lemos ◽  
Juliana de Brito Vasconcelos ◽  
Bianca Mota dos Santos ◽  
Andre Wilson Machado
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unpaired Student ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Smile Esthetics ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons with respect to unilateral maxillary canine torque variations in a frontal smile analysis. Methods: Full face and close-up smile photographs of two subjects (1 man and 1 woman) were used. Both smiles displayed healthy maxillary anterior dentitions. The images were digitally altered to obtain a bilateral 0° torque in the maxillary canines. From this image, unilateral variations of the left canine were made with -15°, -10°, -5°, 0°, +5°, +10° and +15°. Final images were randomly assembled into an album that was given to 53 orthodontists and 53 laypersons. Each rater was asked to evaluate the attractiveness of the images using visual analog scales. Data collected were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance with Tukey post-hoc test and the unpaired Student t test. Results: For orthodontists, most attractive smiles were those with 0°, -5° and -10°. For laypersons, most attractive smiles were those with 0°, -5°, -10°, -15° and + 5°. For both groups, the lowest scores were given for the smiles with +10° and +15° torque. When comparing the perceptions of the orthodontists and laypersons, they did not show statistical differences in most situations. Moreover, in general, there was no significant difference between the full-face and close-up assessments of the smiles. Conclusions: The present findings indicated that smiles with unilateral palatal (negative values) maxillary canine torque variations were more tolerated than smiles with buccal crown torque (positive values) variations.

scholarly journals Promotion Mix to Increase Revenue in The Capital Hotel and Resort Restaurant in Badung Bali District

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-340
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Komang Juniansih ◽  
Komang Feby Kristiawan ◽  
Tettie Setiyarti ◽  
Ida Bagus Radendra Suastama
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
F Test ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Dominant Influence

This study aims to determine the effect of the promotion mix and the variables that have a dominant influence on the income of The Capital Hotel and Resort restaurant for the period 2019. The sample of this study uses income from restaurants in The Capital Hotel and Resort and promotional costs for the period 2019. The data analysis technique used is  multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient determination, F test and t test. The results showed that the results of the coefficient determination were 0.990, it could be said that the five independent variables contributed 99% to the income value, the F test results showed F count> F table (113.135> 3.97), which means that the five independent variables simultaneously had a positive effect and significant to the dependent variable. The t test results show t count (17,779)> t table (2,447) and its effect on the dependent variable (0,000 <0.005), stating that advertising (X1) is the variable that has the most dominant influence on income.

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