scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF POLY(ACRYLAMIDE-CO-ACRYLIC ACID)-STARCH BASED SUPERABSORBENT HYDROGELS BY GAMMA RADIATION: STUDY ITS SWELLING BEHAVIOR

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erizal Erizal
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Swelling Kinetics ◽  
Equilibrium Degree ◽  
Gel Fraction ◽  
Increase Irradiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Study ◽  
Poly Acrylamide ◽  
Superabsorbent Hydrogels

Modification of poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) superabsorbent hydrogels with varying starch concentration (1-3%) via simultaneous gamma radiation have been carried out. The structure and morphology of copolymers were characterization by Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The gel fraction, swelling kinetics and the equilibrium degree of swelling (EDS) of the hydrogels were studied. It was found that the an increase in the starch content present in the hydrogels (1-3%) and with increase irradiation dose  from 10 kGy up to 30 kGy, the swelling ratio decreased from 250-100 g/g. Incorporation of 1% starch increases the EDS of the hydrogels up 350 g/g. Under maximum conditions, poly(AAm-co-AA)-starch hydrogels with high gel fraction (~93%) was prepared from aqueous solution containing 5% AAm, 15% acrylic acid and 0-3% starch. The hydrogels were sensitive against salts solution.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Potato Starch-Acrylic-Acid Hydrogels by Gamma Radiation and Their Application in Dye Adsorption

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Murshed Bhuyan ◽  
Nirmal Chandra Dafader ◽  
Kazuhiro Hara ◽  
Hirotaka Okabe ◽  
Yoshiki Hidaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Gel Fraction ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Several kinds of acrylic-acid-grafted-starch (starch/AAc) hydrogels were prepared at room temperature (27°C) by applying 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kGy of gamma radiation to 15% AAc aqueous solutions containing 5, 7.5, and 15% of starch. With increment of the radiation dose, gel fraction became higher and attained the maximum (96.5%) at 15 kGy, above which the fraction got lowered. On the other hand, the gel fraction monotonically increased with the starch content. Swelling ratios were lower for the starch/AAc hydrogels prepared with higher gamma-ray doses and so with larger starch contents. Significant promotions of the swelling ratios were demonstrated by hydrolysis with NaOH:13632±10%for 15 kGy radiation-dosed [5% starch/15% AAc] hydrogel, while the maximum swelling ratio was ~200% for those without the treatment. The authors further investigated the availability of the starch/AAc hydrogel as an adsorbent recovering dye waste from the industrial effluents by adopting methylene blue as a model material; the hydrogels showed high dye-capturing coefficients which increase with the starch ratio. The optimum dye adsorption was found to be 576 mg per g of the hydrogel having 7.5 starch and 15% AAc composition. Two kinetic models, (i) pseudo-first-order and (ii) pseudo-second-order kinetic models, were applied to test the experimental data. The latter provided the best correlation of the experimental data compared to the pseudo-first-order model.

scholarly journals Chemical and Physical Properties of Cassava Starch–CM-Chitosan–Acrylic Acid Gel Copolymerization by Gamma Irradiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Gatot Trimulyadi Rekso
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Equilibrium Degree ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Gel Fraction ◽  
Gelatinized Starch ◽  
Acid Gel

Starch is a renewable natural polymer that can be decomposed easily in the environment and can be modified to various applications such as biomedical, agricultural and pharmaceutical applications. Copolymerization of gelatinized starch–CM-chitosan and acrylic acid (AAc) in aqueous medium using γ-irradiation was carried out. The preparation conditions, such as irradiation dose and AAc concentration were investigated. The copolymers were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that by increasing of irradiation dose the gel fraction increases till the dose of 15 kGy. Above the stating dose the gel fraction decreases. The Equilibrium Degree of Swelling (EDS) value slightly increases with increasing irradiation dose and after dose of 15 kGy is decreasing. The swelling of starch–CM-chitosan–AAc hydro gels reduced as the gel content increases. The results indicated that the optimum condition for obtaining hydro gels with desirable properties was irradiated at dose of 15 kGy. The results indicated that SEM revealed that the higher the dose, the lower the copolymer pore size. The starch–CM-chitosan–AAc copolymers have thermal stability higher than that for starch individually.

Radiation Synthesis of Superabsorbent Poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)-Sodium Alginate Hydrogels

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erizal ◽  
Sudirman ◽  
Emil Budianto ◽  
A. Mahendra ◽  
Rike Yudianti
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Equilibrium Degree ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Poly Acrylamide

Sodium alginate (NaAlg) is considered to be a potential natural polymer for biomaterial applications, because of its hydrophilic properties that is capable to increase the swelling of hydrogels and biodegradable. This study describes the synthesis of a poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) NaAlg superabsorbent hydrogels via crosslinking gamma radiation. The effect of irradiation dose (20-40 kGy) and NaAlg concentration (0.1-0.7 %) of on swelling of hydrogels were studied. The copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph. The presence of the lowest (0.1%) NaAlg concentration provokes a significant increasing the equilibrium degree solution (EDS) of hydrogel up 800 g/g ,and the extent of gel fraction increases as a function irradiation dose up to about 99 %. The hydrogels were also found to be sensitive to the ionic strength of medium. The FTIR spectra of hydrogels were shown crosslinking occurs between acrylamide and acrylic acid and pores structures in the hydrogel observed by using SEM.

scholarly journals Comparison of the swelling kinetics of a partially neutralized poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel in distilled water and physiological solution

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1139-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Kostic ◽  
Borivoj Adnadjevic ◽  
Aleksandar Popovic ◽  
Jelena Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Kinetics Model ◽  
Isothermal Kinetics ◽  
Swelling Kinetics ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Equilibrium Degree ◽  
Swelling Rate ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

The isothermal kinetics curves of the swelling of a poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel in distilled water and physiological solution at temperatures ranging from 20 to 40 ?C were determined. The possibility of applying both the Fick?s kinetics model and kinetics model of the first order chemical reaction to the swelling kinetics of the PAA hydrogel in distilled water and physiological solution were examined. It was found that the possibilities of applying these models were limited. The new model of the kinetics of swelling in distilled water and physiological solution was established. The kinetic parameters (Ea, ln A) for the swelling in distilled water and physiological solution were determined. The decrease of the equilibrium degree of swelling and the saturation swelling rate of the swelling of the PAA hydrogel in physiological solution compared to swelling in distilled water could be explained by the decreased differences in the ionic osmotic pressures between the hydrogel and the swelling medium. The increase of the initial swelling rate in the physiological solution might be caused by an increased density of charges at the network and by an increased affinity of the network towards the water molecules. The increase of the activation energy of the swelling of the PAA hydrogel in the physiological solution is a consequence of its additional "ionic crosslinking".

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization Superabsorbent Hydrogels of Partially Neutralized Acrylic Acid Prepared Using Gamma Irradiation; Swelling and Thermal Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erizal Erizal ◽  
Basril Abbas ◽  
Sulistioso Giat Sukaryo ◽  
Dhena Ria Barleany
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
End Products ◽  
Superabsorbent Hydrogels

A series of superabsorbent hydrogels were synthesized from partially neutralized acrylic acid with varying degree of neutralization (0-1) using gamma radiation. The effects of degree neutralization of acrylic acid on swelling ratio were studied. DSC measurement was performed to understand the type of end products resulting from irradiation. The morphologies of the hydrogels were examined using SEM. The chemical changes of the hydrogels were characterized using FTIR. At optimum conditions (10 kGy, 15 min), the hydrogels with neutralization degree 0.5 exhibited rapid swelling with the highest swelling ratio ~1000 g/g. The results of DSC studies confirmed the possible formation of the type hydrogels from irradiated partially neutralized acrylic acid, and the hydrogels showed large numbers of pores from SEM examination.

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