scholarly journals Synthesis of Potato Starch-Acrylic-Acid Hydrogels by Gamma Radiation and Their Application in Dye Adsorption

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Murshed Bhuyan ◽  
Nirmal Chandra Dafader ◽  
Kazuhiro Hara ◽  
Hirotaka Okabe ◽  
Yoshiki Hidaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Gel Fraction ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Several kinds of acrylic-acid-grafted-starch (starch/AAc) hydrogels were prepared at room temperature (27°C) by applying 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kGy of gamma radiation to 15% AAc aqueous solutions containing 5, 7.5, and 15% of starch. With increment of the radiation dose, gel fraction became higher and attained the maximum (96.5%) at 15 kGy, above which the fraction got lowered. On the other hand, the gel fraction monotonically increased with the starch content. Swelling ratios were lower for the starch/AAc hydrogels prepared with higher gamma-ray doses and so with larger starch contents. Significant promotions of the swelling ratios were demonstrated by hydrolysis with NaOH:13632±10%for 15 kGy radiation-dosed [5% starch/15% AAc] hydrogel, while the maximum swelling ratio was ~200% for those without the treatment. The authors further investigated the availability of the starch/AAc hydrogel as an adsorbent recovering dye waste from the industrial effluents by adopting methylene blue as a model material; the hydrogels showed high dye-capturing coefficients which increase with the starch ratio. The optimum dye adsorption was found to be 576 mg per g of the hydrogel having 7.5 starch and 15% AAc composition. Two kinetic models, (i) pseudo-first-order and (ii) pseudo-second-order kinetic models, were applied to test the experimental data. The latter provided the best correlation of the experimental data compared to the pseudo-first-order model.

Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of malachite green by vanadium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Khezami ◽  
Kamal K. Taha ◽  
Imed Ghiloufi ◽  
Lassaad El Mir
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
First Order ◽  
Degradation Data ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Herein the degradation of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous medium by vanadium doped zinc oxide (ZnO:V3%) nanopowder was investigated. The specific surface area and pore volume of the nanopowder was characterized by nitrogen adsorption method. Batch experimental procedures were conducted to investigate the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of MG dye. Adsorption kinetics investigations were performed by varying the amount of the catalyst and the initial dye concentrations. Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation data were modeled using the Lagergren pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetic equation. The results showed that the ZnO:V3% nanopowder was particularly effective for the removal of MG and data were found to comply with Lagergreen pseudo-first-order kinetic model.

scholarly journals Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption from Wastewater Using Hydroxyapatite/Gold Nanocomposite: Kinetic and Thermodynamics Studies

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403
Author(s):  
Kashma Sharma ◽  
Shreya Sharma ◽  
Vipasha Sharma ◽  
Pawan Kumar Mishra ◽  
Adam Ekielski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

The present work demonstrates the development of hydroxyapatite (HA)/gold (Au) nanocomposites to increase the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye from the wastewater. HA nanopowder was prepared via a wet chemical precipitation method by means of Ca(OH)2 and H3PO4 as starting materials. The biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been reported for the first time by using the plant extract of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius. Finally, the as-prepared HA nanopowder was mixed with an optimized AuNPs solution to produce HA/Au nanocomposite. The prepared HA/Au nanocomposite was studied by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) analysis. Adsorption studies were executed by batch experiments on the synthesized composite. The effect of the amount of adsorbent, pH, dye concentration and temperature was studied. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models were used to fit the kinetic data and the kinetic modeling results reflected that the experimental data is perfectly matched with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The dye adsorbed waste materials have also been investigated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by the agar well diffusion method. The inhibition zones of dye adsorbed samples are more or less the same as compared to as-prepared samples. The results so obtained indicates the suitability of the synthesized sample to be exploited as an adsorbent for effective treatment of MB dye from wastewater and dye adsorbed waste as an effective antibacterial agent from an economic point of view.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF POLY(ACRYLAMIDE-CO-ACRYLIC ACID)-STARCH BASED SUPERABSORBENT HYDROGELS BY GAMMA RADIATION: STUDY ITS SWELLING BEHAVIOR

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erizal Erizal
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Swelling Kinetics ◽  
Equilibrium Degree ◽  
Gel Fraction ◽  
Increase Irradiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Study ◽  
Poly Acrylamide ◽  
Superabsorbent Hydrogels

Modification of poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) superabsorbent hydrogels with varying starch concentration (1-3%) via simultaneous gamma radiation have been carried out. The structure and morphology of copolymers were characterization by Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The gel fraction, swelling kinetics and the equilibrium degree of swelling (EDS) of the hydrogels were studied. It was found that the an increase in the starch content present in the hydrogels (1-3%) and with increase irradiation dose  from 10 kGy up to 30 kGy, the swelling ratio decreased from 250-100 g/g. Incorporation of 1% starch increases the EDS of the hydrogels up 350 g/g. Under maximum conditions, poly(AAm-co-AA)-starch hydrogels with high gel fraction (~93%) was prepared from aqueous solution containing 5% AAm, 15% acrylic acid and 0-3% starch. The hydrogels were sensitive against salts solution.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Acid Red 18 (AR18) by Activated Carbon from Poplar Wood- A Kinetic and Equilibrium Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Shokoohi ◽  
Vahid Vatanpoor ◽  
Mansuor Zarrabi ◽  
Akram Vatani
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Adsorption process by activated carbon is widely used for removal of dyes. Because of economical limits, activated carbon derived from low cost materials seem to be economical. The aim of this work is preparation of activated carbon from poplar wood and investigation of its ability to removal of (AR18) dye. In this work, we prepared the activated carbon by chemical activation method in electric furnace. In addition we have investigated effect of various parameters such as pH, contact time, dye concentration and adsorbent dosage on dye removal. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models have been investigated. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and modified pseudo-first order kinetic models have been used for experimental data. The results showed that removal efficiency was increased with increasing of adsorbent dosage, contact time and decreasing of pH, but with increasing of dye concentration, the removal efficiency was decreased. Adsorption isotherm models showed that Langmuir isotherm model was best fitted onto collected data (r2>0.978). In addition, kinetic models showed that sorption of AR18 onto activated carbon prepared from poplar wood follows the pseudo-first order model (r2>0.9758).

Photodegradation of some Furocoumarins in Ethanol under UV Irradiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 402-405
Author(s):  
Natalya G. Bryantseva ◽  
Olga N. Tchaikovskaya ◽  
Vlada S. Kraiukhina ◽  
Maria Gómez ◽  
Jose Luis Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetic Parameter ◽  
Bulk Solution ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Good Agreement

Photodegradation of 5-Methoxypsoralen (5-MOP), 4', 5'-dimethyl-3,4-cyclogeksilpsoralen (KC5) and 4'-methyl-3,4 cycloheptylpsoralen (KC4) has been carried out in an XeBr exilamps, both in the presence of H2O2, and a kinetic model, which explains the dependence of the pseudo-first order kinetic parameter on the substrate concentration and other operational variables, has been developed. In the development of the model, mass transfer of 5-MOP, KC5 and KC4from the bulk solution to the wall of the vessel was assumed as the step determining the rate of the photodegradation process, which successfully explains some singularities observed in the experimental results.By fitting the experimental data to the model, a detailed study of the influence of all operational variables on the pseudo-first order kinetic parameter has been done, in good agreement with the model hypotheses.

Study for Absorption Heavy Metals by Pickled Diatomite

2013 ◽  
Vol 741 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Wen Lian Luo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherms ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

The removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution was studied using pickled diatomite samples. The linear Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models were used to determine the kinetic data. The experimental data were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

scholarly journals Ganglioside incorporation and release by the isolated perfused rat liver

1991 ◽  
Vol 274 (2) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Kivatinitz ◽  
A Miglio ◽  
R Ghidoni
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Liver ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Perfused Rat Liver ◽  
Ganglioside Gm1 ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

The fate of exogenous ganglioside GM1 labelled in the sphingosine moiety, [Sph-3H]GM1, administered as a pulse, in the isolated perfused rat liver was investigated. When a non-recirculating protocol was employed, the amount of radioactivity in the liver and perfusates was found to be dependent on the presence of BSA in the perfusion liquid and on the time elapsed after the administration of the ganglioside. When BSA was added to the perfusion liquid, less radioactivity was found in the liver and more in the perfusate at each time tested, for up to 1 h. The recovery of radioactivity in the perfusates followed a complex course which can be described by three pseudo-first-order kinetic constants. The constants, in order of decreasing velocity, are interpreted as: (a) the dilution of the labelled GM1 by the constant influx of perfusion liquid; (b) the washing off of GM1 loosely bound to the surface of liver cells; (c) the release of gangliosides from the liver. Process (b) was found to be faster in the presence of BSA, probably owing to the ability of BSA to bind gangliosides. The [Sph-3H]GM1 in the liver underwent metabolism, leading to the appearance of products of anabolic (GD1a, GD1b) and catabolic (GM2, GM3) origin; GD1a appeared before GM2 and GM3 but, at times longer than 10 min, GM2 and GM3 showed more radioactivity than GD1a. At a given time the distribution of the radioactivity in the perfusates was quite different from that of the liver. In fact, after 60 min GD1a was the only metabolite present in any amount, the other being GM3, the quantity of which was small. This indicates that the liver is able to release newly synthesized gangliosides quite specifically. When a recirculating protocol was used, there were more catabolites and less GD1a than with the non-recirculating protocol. A possible regulatory role of ganglioside re-internalization on their own metabolism in the liver is postulated.

scholarly journals Enhanced photocatalytic activity of wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres on carbon fabric and FTO substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Jian Gu ◽  
Mengqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
First Order ◽  
Good Crystallinity ◽  
Degradation Rate Constant ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo First Order

The wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres on carbon fabric (TiO2-CF) and FTO substrates (TiO2-FTO) have been synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method in alkali environment, using commercial TiO2 (P25) as precursors. The XRD results indicate that the as-prepared TiO2 have good crystallinity. And the SEM images show that the wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres with a diameter of 2-3 μm are composed of TiO2 nanowires, which have a diameter of ~50 nm. The photocatalytic behavior of the wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres, TiO2-CF and TiO2-FTO under ultraviolet light was investigated by a pseudo first-order kinetic model, using methyl orange (MO) as pollutant. The wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres obtained a degradation rate constant (Kap) of 6.91×10-3 min-1 . The Kap values of TiO2-FTO and TiO2-CF reach 13.97×10-3 min-1 and 11.80×10-3 min-1, which are 2.0 and 1.7 times higher than that of pristine wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres due to the “sum effect” between TiO2 and substrates. This study offers a facile hydrothermal method to prepare wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres on CF and FTO substrates, which will improve the recyclability of phtocatalysts and can be extended to other fields.

scholarly journals Harnessing of Newly Tailored Poly (Acrylonitrile)-Starch Nanoparticle Graft Copolymer for Copper Ion Removal via Oximation Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
khaled Mostafa ◽  
H. Ameen ◽  
A. Ebessy ◽  
A. El-Sanabary
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Graft Copolymer ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Abstract Our recently tailored and fully characterized poly (AN)-starch nanoparticle graft copolymer having 60.1 G.Y. % was used as a starting substrate for copper ions removal from waste water effluent after chemical modification with hydroxyl amine via oximation reaction. This was done to change the abundant nitrile groups in the above copolymer into amidoxime one and the resultant poly (amidoxime) resin was used as adsorbent for copper ions. The resin was characterized qualitatively via rapid vanadium ion test and instrumentally by FT-IR spectra and SEM morphological analysis to confirm the presence of amidoxime groups. The adsorption capacity of the resin was done using the batch technique, whereas the residual copper ions content in the filtrate before and after adsorption was measured using atomic adsorption spectrometry. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacity of poly (amidoxime) resin was 115.2 mg/g at pH 7, 400ppm copper ions concentration and 0.25 g adsorbent at room temperature. The adsorption, kinetics and isothermal study of the process is scrutinized using different variables, such as pH, contact time, copper ion concentration and adsorbent dosage. Different kinetics models comprising the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order have been applied to the experimental data to envisage the adsorption kinetics. It was found from kinetic study that pseudo-second-order rate equation was better than pseudo-first-order supporting the formation of chemisorption process. While, in case of isothermal study, the examination of calculated correlation coefficient (R2) values showed that the Langmuir model provide the best fit to experimental data than Freundlich one.

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