scholarly journals Increasing Access to Medical Training With Three-Dimensional Printing: Creation of an Endotracheal Intubation Model (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Park ◽  
Steven Price-Williams ◽  
Alireza Jalali ◽  
Kashif Pirzada
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Simulation Center

BACKGROUND Endotracheal intubation (ETI) is a crucial life-saving procedure, where more than 2 failed attempts can lead to further complications or even death. Like all technical skills, ETI requires sufficient practice to perform adequately. Currently, the models used to practice ETI are expensive and, therefore, difficult to access, particularly in the developing world and in settings that lack a dedicated simulation center. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to improve access to ETI training by creating a comparable yet cost-effective simulation model producible by 3-dimensional (3D) printers. METHODS Open-source mesh files of relevant anatomy from BodyParts3D were modified through the 3D modeling programs Meshlab (ISTI-CNR) and Blender (Blender Foundation). Several prototypes with varying filaments were tried to optimize the ETI simulation. RESULTS We have created the novel 3D-printed pediatric ETI model for learners at all levels to practice this airway management skill at negligible costs compared with current simulation models. It is an open-source design available for all medical trainees. CONCLUSIONS Revolutions in cost and ease of use have allowed home and even desktop 3D printers to become widespread. Therefore, open-source access to the ETI model will improve accessibility to medical training in the hopes of optimizing patient care.

scholarly journals Offline Next Generation Metagenomics Sequence Analysis Using MinION Detection Software (MINDS)

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshpande ◽  
Reed ◽  
Sullivan ◽  
Kerkhof ◽  
Beigel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Sample Characterization ◽  
Internet Availability ◽  
Detection Software ◽  
Downstream Analysis

Field laboratories interested in using the MinION often need the internet to perform sample analysis. Thus, the lack of internet connectivity in resource-limited or remote locations renders downstream analysis problematic, resulting in a lack of sample identification in the field. Due to this dependency, field samples are generally transported back to the lab for analysis where internet availability for downstream analysis is available. These logistics problems and the time lost in sample characterization and identification, pose a significant problem for field scientists. To address this limitation, we have developed a stand-alone data analysis packet using open source tools developed by the Nanopore community that does not depend on internet availability. Like Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ (ONT) cloud-based What’s In My Pot (WIMP) software, we developed the offline MinION Detection Software (MINDS) based on the Centrifuge classification engine for rapid species identification. Several online bioinformatics applications have been developed surrounding ONT’s framework for analysis of long reads. We have developed and evaluated an offline real time classification application pipeline using open source tools developed by the Nanopore community that does not depend on internet availability. Our application has been tested on ATCC’s 20 strain even mix whole cell (ATCC MSA-2002) sample. Using the Rapid Sequencing Kit (SQK-RAD004), we were able to identify all 20 organisms at species level. The analysis was performed in 15 min using a Dell Precision 7720 laptop. Our offline downstream bioinformatics application provides a cost-effective option as well as quick turn-around time when analyzing samples in the field, thus enabling researchers to fully utilize ONT’s MinION portability, ease-of-use, and identification capability in remote locations.

Cost-Effective Air Quality Monitoring System Based on an Open-Source Electronics Platform for Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Environmental Data Collection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chung Tung ◽  
Dao-Ming Chang ◽  
Chuang-Yuan Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution

<p>Air pollution and extreme weather patterns have become serious issues over the world, especially in highly urbanized areas.  In order to detailed study the atmospheric environmental change, the capability to perform high spatiotemporal resolution atmospheric environmental data collection is highly desired.  In this research, we develop a cost-effective air quality monitoring system based on as open-source electronics platform (Arduino Uno Rev3) with multiple environmental sensing modules including particulate matter (PM) concentration, temperature, humidity, and sound sensors.  An integrated monitoring system with one weather station (precipitation and wind sensors) and two sets of environmental sensors set up in different heights from the ground costs less than USD$300.  The entire system is powered by a battery for portability, and all the data can be stored in a secure digital (SD) memory card for long-term monitoring. The cost-effectiveness makes it feasible for large-scale field tests with three-dimensional (3D) spatial resolution.  In the experiments, the system is tested in urban areas, and the data collection performance has been confirmed.  The results show that the data with single minute resolution can be successfully achieved in real-world scenarios with high air temperature (> 38<sup>o</sup>C) and rain conditions for more than 65 hours with a single-time battery setup.  In addition, the data collected from different heights have shown distinct atmospheric environmental patterns suggesting that it is critical to perform 3D high spatiotemporal measurement and modeling for city-scale studies.</p>

scholarly journals Dimensional Stability of 3D Printed Objects Made from Plastic Waste Using FDM: Potential Construction Applications

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Essam Zaneldin ◽  
Waleed Ahmed ◽  
Aya Mansour ◽  
Amged El Hassan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
3D Printed

Construction projects are often challenged by tight budgets and limited time and resources. Contractors are, therefore, looking for ways to become competitive by improving efficiency and using cost-effective materials. Using three-dimensional (3D) printing for shaping materials to produce cost-effective construction elements is becoming a feasible option to make contractors more competitive locally and globally. The process capabilities for 3D printers and related devices have been tightened in recent years with the booming of 3D printing industries and applications. Contractors are attempting to improve production skills to satisfy firm specifications and standards, while attempting to have costs within competitive ranges. The aim of this research is to investigate and test the production process capability (Cp) of 3D printers using fused deposition modeling (FDM) to manufacture 3D printed parts made from plastic waste for use in the construction of buildings with different infill structures and internal designs to reduce cost. This was accomplished by calculating the actual requirement capabilities of the 3D printers under consideration. The production capabilities and requirements of FDM printers are first examined to develop instructions and assumptions to assist in deciphering the characteristics of the 3D printers that will be used. Possible applications in construction are then presented. As an essential outcome of this study, it was noticed that the 3D printed parts made from plastic waste using FDM printers are less expensive than using traditional lightweight non-load bearing concrete hollow masonry blocks, hourdi slab hollow bocks, and concrete face bricks.

scholarly journals From hardware store to hospital: a COVID-19-inspired, cost-effective, open-source, in vivo-validated ventilator for use in resource-scarce regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Park ◽  
Yuanjia Zhu ◽  
Hanjay Wang ◽  
Nicholas A. Tran ◽  
Jinsuh Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Peak Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Economic Barriers ◽  
Care Guidelines ◽  
Large Animals

AbstractResource-scarce regions with serious COVID-19 outbreaks do not have enough ventilators to support critically ill patients, and these shortages are especially devastating in developing countries. To help alleviate this strain, we have designed and tested the accessible low-barrier in vivo-validated economical ventilator (ALIVE Vent), a COVID-19-inspired, cost-effective, open-source, in vivo-validated solution made from commercially available components. The ALIVE Vent operates using compressed oxygen and air to drive inspiration, while two solenoid valves ensure one-way flow and precise cycle timing. The device was functionally tested and profiled using a variable resistance and compliance artificial lung and validated in anesthetized large animals. Our functional test results revealed its effective operation under a wide variety of ventilation conditions defined by the American Association of Respiratory Care guidelines for ventilator stockpiling. The large animal test showed that our ventilator performed similarly if not better than a standard ventilator in maintaining optimal ventilation status. The FiO2, respiratory rate, inspiratory to expiratory time ratio, positive-end expiratory pressure, and peak inspiratory pressure were successfully maintained within normal, clinically validated ranges, and the animals were recovered without any complications. In regions with limited access to ventilators, the ALIVE Vent can help alleviate shortages, and we have ensured that all used materials are publicly available. While this pandemic has elucidated enormous global inequalities in healthcare, innovative, cost-effective solutions aimed at reducing socio-economic barriers, such as the ALIVE Vent, can help enable access to prompt healthcare and life saving technology on a global scale and beyond COVID-19.

scholarly journals Scaling diagnostics in times of COVID-19: Colorimetric Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assisted by a 3D-printed incubator for cost-effective and scalable detection of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everardo González-González ◽  
Itzel Montserrat Lara-Mayorga ◽  
Iram Pablo Rodríguez-Sánchez ◽  
Felipe Yee-de León ◽  
Andrés García-Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
3D Printed

AbstractBy the third week of June 2020, more than 8,500,000 positive cases of COVID-19 and more than 450,000 deaths had been officially reported worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Latin America, India, and Africa—territories in which the mounted infrastructure for diagnosis is greatly underdeveloped. Here, we demonstrate the combined use of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed incubation chamber for commercial Eppendorf PCR tubes, and a colorimetric embodiment of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction scheme for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids. We used this strategy to detect and amplify SARS-CoV-2 genetic sequences using a set of in-house designed initiators that target regions encoding the N protein. We were able to detect and amplify SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids in the range of 62 to 2 × 105 DNA copies by this straightforward method. Using synthetic SARS-CoV-2 samples and a limited number of RNA extracts from patients, we also demonstrate that colorimetric LAMP is a quantitative method comparable in diagnostic performance to RT-qPCR. We envision that LAMP may greatly enhance the capabilities for COVID-19 testing in situations where RT-qPCR is not feasible or is unavailable. Moreover, the portability, ease of use, and reproducibility of this strategy make it a reliable alternative for deployment of point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 detection efforts during the pandemics.

Towards an ultra-affordable 3D bioprinter: A Heated Inductive-Enabled Syringe Pump Extrusion (HISPE) multifunction module for open-source FDM 3D printers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Lamis R. Darwish ◽  
Mohamed T. El-Wakad ◽  
Mahmoud Farag
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Filament Diameter ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Deposition Modeling

Abstract The extrusion systems of the widespread Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printers enable printing only with materials in the filament form. This property hinders the usage of these FDM 3D printers in many fields where the printing materials are in forms other than filaments. Thus, this paper proposes a Heated Inductive-enabled Syringe Pump Extrusion (HISPE) multifunction open-source module with a potential application in bioprinting (i.e., extrusion-based bioprinting). The proposed HISPE module is designed to be cost-effective, simple, and easy to replicate. It is capable of replacing the conventional extrusion system of any open-source cartesian FDM 3D printer. This module widens both the range of the FDM 3D printing materials (e.g., bioinks, biopolymers, blends of materials, or composites) and their forms (e.g., hydrogels, powder, pellets, or flakes). The capabilities of the proposed module were investigated through 3D printing bone scaffolds with a filament diameter of 400 µm and pore size of 350 µm by a Polycaprolactone (PCL) biodegradable polymer in the pellets form. The morphological accuracy of the printed scaffolds was investigated by SEM. The investigation results confirm the accurateness of the proposed HISPE module in printing high-precision models.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional printing physiology laboratory technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (11) ◽  
pp. H1569-H1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Sulkin ◽  
Emily Widder ◽  
Connie Shao ◽  
Katherine M. Holzem ◽  
Christopher Gloschat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Equipment ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Exciting Opportunity ◽  
Physiology Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Technology ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Since its inception in 19th-century Germany, the physiology laboratory has been a complex and expensive research enterprise involving experts in various fields of science and engineering. Physiology research has been critically dependent on cutting-edge technological support of mechanical, electrical, optical, and more recently computer engineers. Evolution of modern experimental equipment is constrained by lack of direct communication between the physiological community and industry producing this equipment. Fortunately, recent advances in open source technologies, including three-dimensional printing, open source hardware and software, present an exciting opportunity to bring the design and development of research instrumentation to the end user, i.e., life scientists. Here we provide an overview on how to develop customized, cost-effective experimental equipment for physiology laboratories.

scholarly journals A Versatile Open-Source Printhead for Low-Cost 3D Microextrusion-Based Bioprinting

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2346
Author(s):  
Andres Sanz-Garcia ◽  
Enrique Sodupe-Ortega ◽  
Alpha Pernía-Espinoza ◽  
Tatsuya Shimizu ◽  
Carmen Escobedo-Lucea
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Calibration Models ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Multiple Units

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting promises to be essential in tissue engineering for solving the rising demand for organs and tissues. Some bioprinters are commercially available, but their impact on the field of Tissue engineering (TE) is still limited due to their cost or difficulty to tune. Herein, we present a low-cost easy-to-build printhead for microextrusion-based bioprinting (MEBB) that can be installed in many desktop 3D printers to transform them into 3D bioprinters. We can extrude bioinks with precise control of print temperature between 2–60 °C. We validated the versatility of the printhead, by assembling it in three low-cost open-source desktop 3D printers. Multiple units of the printhead can also be easily put together in a single printer carriage for building a multi-material 3D bioprinter. Print resolution was evaluated by creating representative calibration models at different temperatures using natural hydrogels such as gelatin and alginate, and synthetic ones like poloxamer. Using one of the three modified low-cost 3D printers, we successfully printed cell-laden lattice constructs with cell viabilities higher than 90% after 24-h post printing. Controlling temperature and pressure according to the rheological properties of the bioinks was essential in achieving optimal printability and great cell viability. The cost per unit of our device, which can be used with syringes of different volume, is less expensive than any other commercially available product. These data demonstrate an affordable open-source printhead with the potential to become a reliable alternative to commercial bioprinters for any laboratory.

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