Food Security Status of Assam: A Districts Level Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SANJOY BORTHAKUR ◽  
Manoj Kumar Singh ◽  
MRIDUSMITA BORTHAKUR
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Deficit ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Normative Requirement ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Level Analysis

Food security is the foremost important issue of a state or a country. The development of a country or a state is highly dependent on it.Food unsecured population cannot think for other issues of their life. In the state of Assam, just after independence the state had enough food for the population, which gradually decreased until 1981-83. But, after 1981-83, the per capita availability of food grains had increased gradually due to use of modern practices of cultivation viz., high yielding varieties, fertilizers, etc. which led to increase in production. Nevertheless, this increase could not surpass the normative requirement of total food grains. Thus, although per capita availability of total cereals was marginally higher than the normative requirement, the state remains food deficit state since 1961-63 to 2000-02. Almost similar trend of change in per capita availability of food grains was observed in all the districts of the state with a few exceptions. Per capita availability of pulses as well as oilseeds was found to be very low, which was far below the normative requirement and in most of the cases revealed a declining trend.

scholarly journals Will We Soon Run Out of Water?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ghislain de Marsily
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Deficit ◽  
The World ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Per Capita

In 2000, the World population was 6.2 billion; it reached 7 billion in 2012 and should reach 9.5 billion (±0.4) in 2050 and 11 billion (±1.5) in 2100, according to UN projections. The trend after 2100 is still one of global demographic growth, but after 2060, Africa would be the only continent where the population would still increase. The amount of water consumed annually to produce the food necessary to meet the needs varies greatly between countries, from about 600 to 2,500 m<sup>3</sup>/year per capita, depending on their wealth, their food habits (particularly meat consumption), and the percentage of food waste they generate. In 2000, the total food production was on the order of 3,300 million tons (in cereal equivalents). In 2019, about 0.8 billion inhabitants of the planet still suffer from hunger and do not get the nutrition they need to be in good health or, in the case of children, to grow properly (both physically and intellectually). Assuming a World average water consumption for food of 1,300 m<sup>3</sup>/year per capita in 2000, 1,400 m<sup>3</sup>/year in 2050, and 1,500 m<sup>3</sup>/year in 2100, a volume of water of around 8,200 km<sup>3</sup>/year was needed in 2000, 13,000 km<sup>3</sup>/year will be needed in 2050, and 16,500 km<sup>3</sup>/year in 2100. Will that much water be available on earth? Can there be conflicts related to a food deficit? Some preliminary answers and scenarios for food production will be given from a hydrologist viewpoint.

Study on the Relation among Agriculture and Forests of Arunachal Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Babita Kumari ◽  
Hitesh Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
The West ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The North ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Agricultural Yield

The state of Arunachal Pradesh is the northeastern most state of India. It covers the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south. It also comprises of international borders with Bhutan in the west, Myanmar in the east, and a disputed border with China in the north at the McMahon Line. The state has its agriculture as the main source of livelihood for a majority of the region’s rural population. In the last 10 years, the per capita land availability in the region has reduced by 18.4 percent and now remains a meager 0.16 ha. The reduction is attributed to the rapid increase in population and consequent fragmentation of the land. Similarly, per capita, cereal availability has also reduced by 9.4 percent in the last 10 years. The present per capita cereal availability is only 0.16 kg, thus making it very important to ensure food security in the region at any cost. Agricultural productivity in the region is not adequate to produce sufficiently for the increasing population. The average agricultural yield at present is 2.1 tonnes ha-1 (excluding the Maldives) after an increase of 8.1 percent in the last 10 years. The increase is attributed to increased use of fertilizers (69 kg ha-1, which is a 40 percent increase in the last 10 years in the region, excluding the Maldives) and the inclusion of more areas from forests into the agriculture sector. This situation has, in its turn, taken its toll by depleting and threatening the remaining biodiversity of the region.

scholarly journals PENDUDUK DAN KEBUTUHAN PANGAN DI INDONESIA 2005-2050: SUATU PROYEKSI

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Rachmini Saparita
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Dynamic System ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Policy Alternative ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Requirement ◽  
Per Capita

The aim of this study was to identify population growth during 1960-2002, and also its projection until 2050. The study also analyzed its impact and look for alternative policies in overcoming the problem to fulfill food security. The model used in the study was dynamic system approach which analyzes previous events to predict the upcoming condition. The study result indicated that the population increased rapidly, and was predicted would continue growing fast. Population growth and food requirement per capita determined the level of requirement of total food. To reach food security, the requirement would be better fulfilling by domestic production and did not depend on import. The policy alternative, which consisted of farm harvest enlargement and technological adoptions, were proposed to meet domestic production exceeding the requirement. 

Measuring food security status among households in Osun State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 1554-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasiu Olayinka Fawole ◽  
Burhan Ozkan ◽  
Festus Ayanwole Ayanrinde
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Household Heads

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the food security status of 150 households in Osun state of Nigeria. The study area was chosen because relatively little energy consumption data are available concerning this geographical location. Design/methodology/approach – The study used both primary and secondary data. The suitable households sample was chosen by multi-stage random sampling technique. The methodology employed to group the households into either food secure or food insecure is by comparing daily per capita calorie consumption by each household with the threshold daily per capita calorie requirement of 2,710 kcal/day/adult equivalent. This method has proven to be efficient in measuring food security at household level. Findings – The results of the study reveal that majority of the households surveyed are food insecure that is their daily per capita calorie intake falls below the recommended daily per capita calorie requirement. The food insecure households constitute 54 per cent, surplus index of 0.36 per cent and food insecurity gap of 0.0038. Research limitations/implications – The greatest limitation to this study is the inability to collect data on the distribution of income, budget share on foods and socio-economic characteristics of the households to determine how their food security status is influenced due to impediments such as time, limited resources to collect a complete dataset used for the study. Also, recalling accurately the foods eaten in the last 24-hour was difficult for some of the household heads especially the aged ones and precise measurement of foods portion were also not accurate in some cases. Practical implications – The findings of the study will help the stakeholders in food sector in policy formulations and also serve as reference for other researchers who will work on similar topic. Social implications – The revelation that majority of the households are lacking in calorie intake will provide guidance for stakeholders in food sector to put in place efforts that will improve balance between food production and accessibility. Originality/value – The study used original data collected directly from the households for the study using structured questionnaires and the reference materials from secondary sources are appropriately cited. Also, it is worthy to note that not many studies have been carried out in the study area on food security especially in the rural areas.

scholarly journals Observatorio en Seguridad Alimentaria del Estado de Veracruz (OBSAN-UV). Actualización y análisis. Segunda parte

UVserva ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lol Ki Itzel López Galindo ◽  
María Magdalena Álvarez Ramírez ◽  
Jose Luis Castillo Hernández ◽  
Virginia Morales P. ◽  
Amy B. Morales Q.
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
The State ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Official Information

El Observatorio en Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional del Estado de Veracruz es actualizado periódicamente con información oficial. Con la finalidad de conocer la realidad en Seguridad Alimentaria en Veracruz, se analizaron diversos indicadores (per cápita, sumatorias, promedios y correlaciones), encontrándose: baja producción de alimentos per cápita, alto índice de rezago social en algunos municipios, así como un aumento en la población desocupada, en los hogares con jefatura femenina, y prevalencia de malnutrición en menores de edad, también se observó un aumento en la incidencia de VIH en la población.  Las infecciones respiratorias agudas en niños de 0-4 años en el periodo de 2007-2015 disminuyeron un 77%. La mayoría de los indicadores analizados nos muestran condiciones de inseguridad alimentaria y nutricional en la población del Estado de Veracruz.Palabras clave: Seguridad alimentaria; municipio; indicadores; malnutrición; correlaciones AbstractThe Observatory on Food and Nutrition Security of the State of Veracruz is periodically updated with official information. In order to know the reality in Food Security in Veracruz, several indicators were analyzed (per capita, summations, averages and correla­tions), finding: low food production per capi­ta, high rate of social lag in some municipali­ties, as well as an increase in the unoccupied population, in households headed by women, and prevalence of malnutrition in minors, an increase in the incidence of HIV in the popu­lation was also observed. Acute respiratory infections in children aged 0-4 years in the 2007-2015 period decreased by 77%. Most of the analyzed indicators show us conditions of food and nutrition insecurity in the population of the State of Veracruz.Keywords: Food security; municipality; indica­tors; malnutrition; correlations

scholarly journals Deteriorating agriculture: it's reasons and impacts on socio-economic profile of J&K state

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Ahmad Malik ◽  
Ajaz Ahmad Rather
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
The People ◽  
Economic Profile ◽  
Socioeconomic Profile ◽  
Per Capita

In terms of dependence on livelihoods and employment, the state of Jammu and Kashmir can be considered as agrarian, hence the overwhelming majority of the people live in rural areas. There are many reasons that have led to a dwindling share of GDP of the sector at a time when it should have retained its role given large proportion of people depending on it. These include: Reduction in public expenditure in the sector after reforms, decrease in agricultural land due to conversion, lack of appropriate irrigation facilities, and acute lack of infrastructure, lack of quality pesticides, occasional flooding, and lack of research. This imbalance between production and employment has resulted into compromised socio-economic profile of the state which includes: Low per capita income, compromised Food security, large Capital outflow, and Low employment. Therefore, in a bid to arrest any further deterioration in its socioeconomic profile, it is imperative for the state to initiate a stream of measures that will enhance the productivity in the sector and safeguard it from undue competition from abroad.

scholarly journals Impact of agribusiness on food security and livelihood generation: A case study in Assam, India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangita Borah
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
The State ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Alternative Employment ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Average Size

Assam is predominantly a rural phenomenon, stemming principally from underperformance of the agriculture sector and lack of alternative employment avenues mainly in the rural areas. Decadal growth rate of population of Assam reflected a per square increase trend of population in the state. With increase population people below poverty line started increasing and average size of holding started to decrease. Area, Production and average yield of food grains in Assam found stagnant for a long period as a result per day per capita availability of most of the food grains found decreasing for the state. The study revealed that Assam has deficit in fish and livestock products as per nutritional demand. But has potentiality in horticultural crops. So to maintain the food security and livelihood to the people of Assam transition of agribusiness is very much required which will include cultivation of high yielding crop varieties, mechanization of agriculture, development of contact farming, establishment of food processing industry and development of cooperative fish and livestock farming in the state.

scholarly journals Food security status among cocoa growing households in Ondo and Kwara states of Nigeria: A discriminant analysis approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (48) ◽  
pp. 5646-5660
Author(s):  
K. A Oluyole ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cocoa Farmers ◽  
Farming Households

Cocoa, being a cash crop is mostly cultivated among cocoa farmers without giving much consideration to the cultivation of food crops. There is, however, little evidence on the translation of the income from cocoa production into improved food security by cocoa farmers. This study therefore examined the food security status of cocoa farming households in Nigeria. A simple purposive random sampling technique was used to select 100 cocoa farmers from each of Ondo and Kwara states of Nigeria, thus making a total of 200 respondents used for the study. Information was collected from the respondents with the aid of a structured questionnaire and the data obtained from the information were analysed with Descriptive Statistics, Food Security Index, Surplus/Shortfall Index and Discriminant Analysis. The mean age for the households’ head was 53±16.27 years while the mean household size was 7±4.24 persons per household. The mean per capita food consumption was 2063.15±1343.55 kilocalories and the mean monthly farm income was N27,536.50±29161.74. With food security line of N 1,959.00, 44.0 % of the sampled households in the study area were able to meet the recommended calorie intake of 245 0 Kilocalories per capita per day. The food secure households exceeded the calorie requirement by 0.03% while the food insecure households fell short of the recommended calorie intake by 0.02%. An increase in the value of association membership of household head, off -farm income, farming experience of household head and number of meals taken per day (p<0.05) would improve the food security stat us of households and hence would shift the households to food security while an increase in the value of household size and per capita non -food expenditure (p<0.05) would worsen the food security status of households and therefore shift the household to food insecurity. The study recommended that there is a need for an enlightenment programme on birth control and that government can subsidize the price of food items as this will reduce the cost of procuring food items by households thus enabling households to be able to increase the number of meals taken per day. Also, cocoa farming households are encouraged to ensure that income from cocoa is partly used to address food insecurity at household level.

scholarly journals Does the Food Stamp Program Affect Food Security Status and the Composition of Food Expenditures?

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwen Pan ◽  
Helen H. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Stamp ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Food Stamp Program ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Food Away From Home ◽  
Food Expenditures ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Expenditure

This article considers interaction among participation in the Food Stamp Program (FSP), food security status, and the composition of food expenditures. A quadratic almost ideal demand system with a bootstrapping two-step method of estimation is applied to data from the Current Population Survey–Food Security Supplement data and used to estimate the model and account for endogeneity between the FSP participation and food insecurity. The results show that FSP participation is endogenously related with food security status and significantly affects total food expenditure and food-away-from-home expenditures.

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns of Food Security in Haryana: A District-level Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Savita Ahlawat ◽  
Dhian Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
State Government ◽  
The State ◽  
District Level ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
North West ◽  
West Part ◽  
Level Analysis

In today's era the issue of food security is gaining much more attention as foodis one of the three basic requirements of man and is still a serious issue formany poor people. Ensuring food security is a big challenge due to increase inpopulation, climate change etc. especially in developing Asian countries likeIndia. The present study is significant in a way that it examines the variationsin spatial patterns of food security at district level in one of the food bowlstates of India namely Haryana. This study also tries to identify the factorsbehind the spatial variations in food security. Despite being self-sufficient infoodgrains production, the state has vast regional contrasts in terms of landproductivity, farm labour and standard of living. At present, food grainsproduction is almost stagnant in the state and natural resources are alsoexperiencing degradation due to their extensive use. For this study, secondarydata have been collected from various state government offices. Further foodavailability, food accessibility and food utilization indices have beencalculated by using different indicators. The results of the study reveal that thedistricts situated in central and north-west part of the state having betteragricultural infrastructure are more food secure than the districts situated insouthern and northern parts of the state which have the disadvantageous thestate which have sandy soil, poor irrigation facilities and undulatingtopography.

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