scholarly journals The efficacy of chloroquine treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in lambs

2016 ◽  
pp. 5328-5335
Author(s):  
Umit Karademir ◽  
Kerem Ural ◽  
Nuran Aysul ◽  
Adnan Ayan ◽  
Songul Toplu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Chloroquine Treatment ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Very High

Objective. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of Chloroquine (Cq), an antimalarial medicine, administered at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, orally, during 5 consecutive days, in Sakiz and Merino lambs naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. Materials and methods. To this extent weaned 10 weeks of aged lambs were enrolled and randomly assigned into two groups based on treatment (group C, n=18 lambs treated with Cq) and placebo (group P, n=8 untreated control animals). Diagnosis was based on detection of trophozoit and/or cysts on fecal flotation. Cyst count per gram feces (days 0, 3, 7 and 10) was analyzed among groups. Results. During the trial, regarding the efficacy of Cq on days 3., 7., and 10. There was significant (p<0.01) reduction in cyst excretion; whereas evaluation of mean geometric cyst excretion revealed 100% reduction. Conclusions. There was a very high (100%) reduction in cyst excretion in the Cq treatment group compared to the positive untreated control group on days 3, 7 and 10, resulting in a significant (p<0.001) reduction, making Cq, safety, and thus highly effective treatment option of lambs with naturally occuring giardiasis.Objetivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la eficacia de la cloroquina, un medicamento contra la malaria, administrado a una dosis de 2.5 mg/kg, por vía oral, durante 5 días consecutivos, en Corderos Sakiz y Merino infectados naturalmente con Giardia duodenalis. Materiales y metodos. En esta medida destetados 10 semanas de edad fueron incluidos y asignados al azar en dos grupos sobre la base del tratamiento (grupo C, n = 18 corderos tratados con cloroquina) y placebo (grupo P, n = 8 animales de control no tratados). El diagnóstico se basa en la detección de trophozoit y/o quistes en la flotación fecal. Quiste recuento por gramo de heces (día 0, 3, 7 y 10) se analizó entre los grupos. Resultados. Respecto a la eficacia de la cloroquina en los días 3, 7 y 10 existió una reducción significativa (p<0.01) en la excreción de quistes; mientras que la evaluación de la media de la excreción Rev.MVZ Córdoba 21(2):5328-5335, 2016. ISSN: 0122-0268 ORIGINAL 5329 de quistes reveló una reducción del 100%. Conclusiones. Durante el estudio hubo una reducción del 100% en la excreción de quistes en el grupo de tratamiento con cloroquina en comparación con el grupo control no tratado positivo en los días 3, 7 y 10, lo que resulta en una disminución significativa (p<0.001) por lo que la cloroquina razonablemente es una opción de tratamiento por el costo, seguridad, y por lo tanto muy eficaz de corderos infectados naturalmente con giardiasis.

The efficacy of chloroquine treatment of Giardia duodenalis infection in calves

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
M. Gultekin ◽  
K. Ural ◽  
N. Aysul ◽  
A. Ayan ◽  
C. Balikci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chloroquine Treatment ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Before And After

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of chloroquine treatment on cyst excretion in calves naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. The calves were randomly assigned into two groups based on placebo (group I, n=7 untreated control calves) or treatment (group II, n=7 calves treated orally with 2.5 mg/kg chloroquine twice daily for five consecutive days). The G. duodenalis isolates were identified by molecular characterization with β-giardin nested PCR and gene sequence analysis as assemblage A3. Cyst excretion was determined on days 0, 3, 7 and 10, before and after treatment. Geometric means of the number of excreted cysts did not change significantly in the control group during the trial. The reduction in cyst excretion after chloroquine treatment was 99% on day 3 and 100% on days 7 and 10. Chloroquine treatment is most probatly practically applicable, relatively inexpensive and highly effective against giardiosis in calves.

scholarly journals Chloroquine treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-283
Author(s):  
Kerem Ural ◽  
Mehmet Gultekin ◽  
Serdar Pasa ◽  
Nuran Aysul ◽  
Adnan Ayan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chloroquine Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of chloroquine on lessening or eliminating cyst shedding in dogs naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. A total of 26 dogs naturally infected with G. duodenalis, from various breeds, ages and of both sexes were selected and randomly assigned into two groups based on treatment (group I, n=20 dogs treated orally with 2.5 mg/kg chloroquine twice daily for 5 consecutive days) and control (group II, n=6 untreated control dogs). Diagnosis was based on microscopic faecal examination and rapid test kits. Cyst excretion was determined on days 0, 3, 7 and 10, before and after treatment. Evaluation of the percentage reduction in cyst excretion revealed 99.8% efficacy on day 3 and 99.9 % on days 7 and 10 in the treatment group. Geometric means of the number of excreted cysts did not change significantly in the control group. Chloroquine at the proposed dosage might be a practical in application, low priced and highly effective treatment option in dogs with giardiasis.

scholarly journals Single dose of secnidazole treatment against naturally occuring Giardia duodenalis infection in Sakiz lambs

2014 ◽  
pp. 4023-4032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerem Ural ◽  
Nuran Aysul ◽  
Huseyin Voyvoda ◽  
Bulent Ulutas ◽  
Osman S. Aldemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Giardia Cyst ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Faecal Consistency ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTObjective. The purposes of this study were to determine whether secnidazole administered at a single dose of 10 mg/kg, orally, lessens or eliminates Giardia cyst shedding, and to validate the benefit of secnidazole treatment on clinical signs and faecal consistency in lambs naturally infected with Giardia duodenalis. Materials and methods. To this extent weaned 12 weeks of age lambs were selected and randomly assigned into two groups based on placebo (group C, n=7 untreated control group) or treatment (group S, n=10 lambs treated with a single dose of secnidazole at 10 mg/kg). Results. On days 0 and 10, before and after treatment, respectively, reduction in cyst excretion was determined. The faecal consistency and general health were recorded at each sampling day. Conclusions. During the study there was a high (99.98%) reduction in cyst excretion in the secnidazol treatment group compared to the positive control group on day 10, resulting in a significant (p<0.001) reduction, making secnidazole highly effective treatment option.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a marketed polyherbal dewormer against intestinal strongyles in naturally infected donkeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Papini ◽  
C. Orsetti ◽  
M. Sgorbini
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Faecal Egg Count

SummaryThe study evaluated the effectiveness of a commercially available polyherbal dewormer to control intestinal strongyles in naturally infected donkeys. The animals were allotted to two groups: treated with the herbal dewormer (n=8) according to manufacturer recommendations and untreated control group (n=6). Fecal samples were taken from each animal on days 0 (day of treatment), 14, 21 (day of second additional treatment), 35, and 42. Faecal egg count reduction tests showed very negligible or no reduction in number of strongyle eggs for donkeys in the phytotherapeutic treatment group compared to those in the control group. Thus, the herbal dewormer was mostly ineffective in reducing fecal egg counts in donkeys infected with intestinal strongyles. These findings can make equine practitioners aware of possible disadvantages of herbal dewormers.

A Combination of Oral Cabergoline and Double Cloprostenol Injections to Produce Third-Quarter Gestation Termination in the Bitch

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanina Corrada ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez ◽  
Mariana Tortora ◽  
Daniel Arias ◽  
Cristina Gobello
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Untreated Control Group

To assess the efficacy and safety of a combined cabergoline and cloprostenol protocol to terminate third-quarter pregnancy, 22 pregnant bitches that ranged from 35 to 45 days after mating were randomly assigned to a treatment group (n=13) or to an untreated control group (n=9). The animals were monitored for 12 days, and pregnancy termination was confirmed by ultrasound examination. Twelve of the 13 treated bitches aborted within 9 days of the initiation of treatment (mean 4.6 days). Only mild side effects were observed. The control animals had normal gestational courses, as did the bitch that did not respond to the therapy. This combination of drugs appeared to be a practical, safe, and efficient abortifacient when used in third-quarter pregnancies.

scholarly journals Intervensi Berbasis Mindfulness untuk Menurunkan Stres pada Orang Tua

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Rahmantika Kurnia Romadhani ◽  
M. Noor Rochman Hadjam
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Mindfulness Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The purpose of this research is to reduce parents’ stress by increasing their mindfulness ability using Mindfulness intervention. Participants in this study consisted of 15 mothers with stress from mild to severe. The design use in this study is quasi experimental design with untreated control group with pretest and postest. The program consists of 8 session intervention. The instruments used in this research are DASS Scale and KIMS scale. Quantitaive analysis was conducted through  statistical test using Mann-Whitney and also qualitative analysist. The result of this study showed that intervention with mindfulness was effective to reduce stress in parents (U=0,000; p<0,001).

scholarly journals Pelatihan “Great Mom Great Children” pada Ibu Muda Jalanan dalam Meningkatkan Ketrampilan Stimulasi Perkembangan Anak

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1126-1134
Author(s):  
Dessy Pranungsari ◽  
Nissa Tarnoto ◽  
Fatwa Tentama
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design

Anak jalanan perempuan yang memiliki anak di usia muda kurang memiliki pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam menstimulasi perkembangan anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan ketrampilan stimulasi perkembangan pada ibu-ibu muda jalanan dengan memberikan perlakuan berupa pelatihan “Great Mom Great Children”. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu merupakan anak jalanan yang tinggal di Yogyakarta, ibu muda yang berusia kurang dari 18 tahun saat memiliki anak, ibu yang memiliki anak atas kehamilan yang tidak dikehendaki, ibu memiliki anak berusia 0-5 tahun (anak usia dini), dan ibu mengasuh anaknya sendiri secara langsung. Desain eksperimen yang digunakan adalah untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan Kuisioner Pra Skrinning Perkembangan (KPSP). Hasil Uji Wilcoxon untuk menguji perbedaan tingkat ketrampilan stimulasi ibu-ibu muda jalanan antara sebelum (pretest) dan sesudah diberi perlakuan (posttest) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan anatara skor pretest dan postest. Hasil Uji Mann Whitney U-test diperoleh hasil rata-rata tingkat ketrampilan stimulasi kelompok eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode pelatihan “Great Mom Great Children” efektif dalam meningkatkan ketrampilan stimulasi perkembangan anak pada ibu-ibu muda jalanan.

PLACEBO VS NONTREATMENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1178-1178
Author(s):  
Student
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Nonspecific Effects

We often and wrongly equate the response seen in the placebo arm of a clinical trial with the placebo effect. In order to obtain the true placebo effect, other nonspecific effects can be identified by including an untreated control group in clinical trials.

scholarly journals Trichostrongylus and Haemonchus anthelmintic resistance in naturally infected sheep from southern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 777-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
VANDERLEI KLAUCK ◽  
RAFAEL PAZINATO ◽  
LEANDRO S. LOPES ◽  
DIEGO C. CUCCO ◽  
HORACIO L. DE LIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Larval Culture

The anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants is a common problem and concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to verify anthelmintic treatment efficacy in naturally infected sheep. This study was conducted on nine herds that used the same anthelmintic management for over a year. In each farm, the animals were divided into two groups: untreated control group (n = 5) and treated (n = 10) according to the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG). The treatment effect was checked based on EPG results and larval culture performed before treatment and 10 days after treatment. Significant differences were not observed (P> 0.05) on EPG results between untreated and treated groups. The coproculture showed that the animals were infected primarily byHaemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp.,Teladorsagia spp., Cooperia spp. andOesophagostomum spp. In all farms, anthelmintic resistance by genera Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus was found, but this resistance varied greatly between farms.Haemonchus spp. showed resistance to closantel, levamisole, and albendazole. Trichostrongylus spp. was shown to be resistant to closantel, levamisole, and albendazole. The drugs tested showed to be efficient against the genera Teladorsagia,Cooperia, and Oesophagostomum. Based on these results, we conclude that the anthelmintic resistance to the tested drugs is a problem present in the farms evaluated.

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