scholarly journals Tritium/deuterium gas cell

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Hansen ◽  
J.L. Garibaldi ◽  
R. Keville ◽  
B.A. Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Gas Cell ◽  
Deuterium Gas

scholarly journals Study of nuclear properties with muonic atoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Knecht ◽  
A. Skawran ◽  
S. M. Vogiatzi
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Charge Radius ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
Capture Process ◽  
Muonic Atoms ◽  
Hydrogen Deuterium ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Deuterium Gas ◽  
Radioactive Atoms ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

AbstractMuons are a fascinating probe to study nuclear properties. Muonic atoms can easily be formed by stopping negative muons inside a material. The muon is subsequently captured by the nucleus and, due to its much higher mass compared to the electron, orbits the nucleus at very small distances. During this atomic capture process, the muon emits characteristic X-rays during its cascade down to the ground state. The energies of these X-rays reveal the muonic energy level scheme, from which properties like the nuclear charge radius or its quadrupole moment can be extracted. While almost all stable elements have been examined using muons, probing highly radioactive atoms has so far not been possible. The muX experiment has developed a technique based on transfer reaction inside a high-pressure hydrogen/deuterium gas cell to examine targets available only in microgram quantities.

Gas Cell Infrared and Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopic Studies for Organic–Inorganic Interactions in Adsorption of Fulvic Acid on the Goethite Surface Generating Carbon Dioxide

2021 ◽  
pp. 000370282199121
Author(s):  
Yuki Nakaya ◽  
Satoru Nakashima ◽  
Takahiro Otsuka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

The generation of carbon dioxide (CO2) from Nordic fulvic acid (FA) solution in the presence of goethite (α-FeOOH) was observed in FA–goethite interaction experiments at 25–80 ℃. CO2 generation processes observed by gas cell infrared (IR) spectroscopy indicated two steps: the zeroth order slower CO2 generation from FA solution commonly occurring in the heating experiments of the FA in the presence and absence of goethite (activation energy: 16–19 kJ mol–1), and the first order faster CO2 generation from FA solution with goethite (activation energy: 14 kJ mol–1). This CO2 generation from FA is possibly related to redox reactions between FA and goethite. In situ attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopic measurements indicated rapid increases with time in IR bands due to COOH and COO– of FA on the goethite surface. These are considered to be due to adsorption of FA on the goethite surface possibly driven by electrostatic attraction between the positively charged goethite surface and negatively charged deprotonated carboxylates (COO–) in FA. Changes in concentration of the FA adsorbed on the goethite surface were well reproduced by the second order reaction model giving an activation energy around 13 kJ mol–1. This process was faster than the CO2 generation and was not its rate-determining step. The CO2 generation from FA solution with goethite is faster than the experimental thermal decoloration of stable structures of Nordic FA in our previous report possibly due to partial degradations of redox-sensitive labile structures in FA.

Increased hot electron production from the addition of a gas cell in sub-picosecond laser–foil interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 123101
Author(s):  
T. Peterken ◽  
A. P. L. Robinson ◽  
R. M. G. M. Trines ◽  
R. J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
Electron Production

Effect of Catfish Bone Paste on the Properties of Steamed Bread

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 757-760
Author(s):  
Xiao Qing Ren ◽  
Li Zhen Ma ◽  
Xin Yi He
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
A Value ◽  
Crumb Structure ◽  
Steamed Bread ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Structure Properties

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different levels of catfish bone paste to flour on the physicochemical, textural and crumb structure properties of steamed bread. Six different levels (0, 1, 3, 5, 7,10 %) of catfish bone paste to flour were used in the formulation of the steamed bread. The results showed that the weight loss and TTA of steamed bread decreased with an increase in the levels of the catfish bone paste. On the other hand, the pH increased with an increase in the levels of the catfish bone paste. The specific volume, hardness, chewiness and gas cell structure in the crumb of steamed bread with catfish bone paste at 5% supplementation level were better. Thus, a value of 5% catfish bone paste was considered a better level for incorporation into the steamed bread.

scholarly journals Vacuum Ultraviolet Absorption Spectroscopy Analysis of Breath Acetone Using a Hollow Optical Fiber Gas Cell

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Yudai Kudo ◽  
Saiko Kino ◽  
Yuji Matsuura
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
Human Breath ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Acetone Concentration ◽  
Core Fiber ◽  
Breath Acetone

Human breath is a biomarker of body fat metabolism and can be used to diagnose various diseases, such as diabetes. As such, in this paper, a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectroscopy system is proposed to measure the acetone in exhaled human breath. A strong absorption acetone peak at 195 nm is detected using a simple system consisting of a deuterium lamp source, a hollow-core fiber gas cell, and a fiber-coupled compact spectrometer corresponding to the VUV region. The hollow-core fiber functions both as a long-path and an extremely small-volume gas cell; it enables us to sensitively measure the trace components of exhaled breath. For breath analysis, we apply multiple regression analysis using the absorption spectra of oxygen, water, and acetone standard gas as explanatory variables to quantitate the concentration of acetone in breath. Based on human breath, we apply the standard addition method to obtain the measurement accuracy. The results suggest that the standard deviation is 0.074 ppm for healthy human breath with an acetone concentration of around 0.8 ppm and a precision of 0.026 ppm. We also monitor body fat burn based on breath acetone and confirm that breath acetone increases after exercise because it is a volatile byproduct of lipolysis.

scholarly journals Nanoscale oxidation behavior of carbon fibers revealed with in situ gas cell STEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 113820
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Cochell ◽  
Raymond R. Unocic ◽  
José Graña-Otero ◽  
Alexandre Martin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Oxidation Behavior ◽  
Gas Cell

scholarly journals Gas cell opening in bread dough during baking

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 482-498
Author(s):  
David Grenier ◽  
Corinne Rondeau-Mouro ◽  
Kossigan Bernard Dedey ◽  
Marie-Hélène Morel ◽  
Tiphaine Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Cell ◽  
Bread Dough ◽  
Cell Opening
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